Pawan Kumar Chamling

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Pawan Kumar Chamling Rai (born 22 September 1950<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>) is an Indian politician and writer who served as the 5th Chief Minister of Sikkim from 1994 to 2019. He is the longest serving Chief Minister in India, surpassing Naveen Patnaik.<ref name="zeenews">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="nic">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Chamling is the Founding President of the Sikkim Democratic Front.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He also served as the Leader of the opposition, Sikkim Legislative Assembly in the year of 2019. He represents the Namchi-Singhithang constituency in the Sikkim Legislative Assembly since 2019 till 2024 and the Damthang constituency from 1985 to 1994. Prior to establishing the Sikkim Democratic Front, Chamling served as Minister for Industries, Information and Public Relations from 1989 to 1992 in Nar Bahadur Bhandari's cabinet.

Personal lifeEdit

Chamling was born in Yangang, South Sikkim to Nepali parents Ash Bahadur Chamling Rai and Asha Rani Chamling Rai. Chamling is also a prolific Nepali language writer, and recipient of the Bhanu Puraskar (2010) awarded by Sikkim Sahitya Parishad. He writes under the pen name Pawan Chamling. Mr. Chamling has two wives and 8 children (4 sons and 4 daughters).<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Political careerEdit

Chamling was elected as the president of Yangang Gram Panchayat in 1982. In 1985, he was elected to the Sikkim Legislative Assembly for the first time. After being elected for the second time from Damthang, he became the Minister for Industries, Information and Public Relations from 1989 to 1992 in the Nar Bahadur Bhandari cabinet. After a series of major political upheavals in Sikkim, Chamling formed the Sikkim Democratic Front on 4 March 1993.

Chamling is the second chief minister in India after Jyoti Basu, of West Bengal to govern a state five terms in a row, with his party Sikkim Democratic Front winning the 1994, 1999, 2004, 2009 and 2014 Sikkim Legislative Assembly elections. His party first came to power in Sikkim after winning the 1994 Sikkim assembly elections. His popularity kept soaring in Sikkim due to his developmental work and for maintaining peace.Template:Citation needed In 2009, his party Sikkim Democratic Front won all 32 assembly seats in Sikkim Legislative Assembly.

In 2012, he faced allegations of corruption and Bhandari, his predecessor as CM, predicted that Chamling would go to jail if he lost his power.<ref name=":1">Template:Cite news</ref> And his former comrade Tamang (Golay) developed differences with him and floated his own party. These developments created political challenge for him, but he managed to win the assembly elections of 2014, albeit with a much reduced majority.

Following win in 2014 assembly election, he was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Sikkim for the fifth consecutive time on 21 May 2014 by Shriniwas Dadasaheb Patil, the Governor of Sikkim. He became the chief minister for a fifth time, a record previously held by Jyoti Basu who ruled West Bengal from 1977 to 2000.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":0" />

His party SDF won 22 out of 32 assembly seats in the 2014 legislative assembly election. 18 months after the 2014 elections, on 30 November 2015, 7 out of 10 opposition MLAs joined the SDF party under the leadership of Pawan Chamling. The ruling front had 29 out of 32 assembly seats in the state.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Chamling resigned as CM after 2019 Sikkim Legislative Assembly election as former member Prem Singh Tamang's Sikkim Krantikari Morcha party formed the government by winning 17 seats out of 32. SDF party won the remaining 15 seats. Two of the SDF legislators had won from two seats each of which one had to be given up, reducing their strength to 13. In August 2019, 10 MLAs quit his party to join Bharatiya Janata Party and in the same month two other legislators joined Sikkim Krantikari Morcha. Thus making Chamling only MLA of the party.<ref>BJP now main opposition party in Sikkim even without winning a single seat Template:Dead link</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Chamling lost the 2024 Sikkim Legislative Assembly election, marking his first electoral defeat.

Electoral recordsEdit

Sikkim Legislative Assembly election

Year	Constituency	Political Party		Result	Position	Votes	% Votes	% Margin	Deposit	Source
1985	Damthang	Template:Full party name with color	Template:Won	1st/8	2,281	73.79	+57.00	refunded	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1989		Template:Won	1st/2	4,227	94.27	+88.54	refunded	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1994		Template:Full party name with color	Template:Won	1st/4	3,904	70.27	+43.93	refunded	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1999		Template:Won	1st/3	4,952	72.26	+45.03	refunded	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2004		Template:Won	1st/1	-			refunded	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2009	Poklok-Kamrang	Template:Won	1st/6	7,379	80.68	+65.12	refunded	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2009	Namchi-Singhithang	Template:Won	1st/6	5,653	80.97	+66.51	refunded	<ref name=ECI2009/>
2014	Namchi-Singhithang	Template:Won	1st/3	4,774	55.08	+12.67	refunded	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2014	Rangang-Yangang	Template:Won	1st/3	6,343	63.84	+32.23	refunded	<ref name=ECI2014/>
2019	Poklok-Kamrang	Template:Won	1st/5	7,731	59.09	+22.16	refunded	<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
2019	Namchi-Singhithang	Template:Won	1st/5	5,054	50.31	+3.75	refunded	<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
2024	Poklok-Kamrang	Template:Lost	2nd/5	4,974	34.03	-20.96	refunded	<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
2024	Namchaybong	Template:Lost	2nd/5	4,939	36.67	-16.75	refunded	<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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