Pecan pie
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Pecan pie is a pie of pecan nuts mixed with a filling of eggs, butter and sugar (typically corn syrup).<ref name="Griffith" /> Variations may include white or brown sugar, cane syrup, sugar syrup, molasses, maple syrup, or honey.<ref name="Griffith" /> It is commonly served at holiday meals in the United States and is considered a specialty of Southern U.S. origin.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Most pecan pie recipes include salt and vanilla as flavorings. Pecan pie may be served with whipped cream, vanilla ice cream or hard sauce.
OriginEdit
Attempts to trace the dish's origin have not found any recipes dated earlier than a pecan custard pie recipe published in Harper's Bazaar in 1886.<ref name=foodtimeline>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Ladies' Home Journal, Volume 15 By Louisa Knapp, Edward William Bok</ref> Pecan pie was made before the invention of corn syrup, and older recipes used darker sugar-based syrup or molasses. The 1929 congressional club cookbook has a recipe for the pie which used only eggs, milk, sugar and pecans.<ref name=":0" /> The makers of Karo syrup significantly contributed to popularizing the dish<ref name="Griffith" /> and many of the recipes for variants (caramel, cinnamon, Irish cream, peanut butter, etc.) of the classic pie. The company has claimed that the dish was a 1930s "discovery" of a "new use for corn syrup" by a corporate sales executive's wife.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":0">Template:Cite book</ref> Well-known cookbooks such as Fannie Farmer and The Joy of Cooking did not include this dessert before 1940.<ref name=foodtimeline /> Pecan pie came to be closely associated with the culture of the Southern United States in the 1940s and 1950s.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Pecans are native to the southern United States. Archaeological evidence found in Texas indicates that Native Americans used pecans more than 8,000 years ago.<ref name="Haedrich">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp The word pecan is a derivative from the early 18th century of an Algonquin word, pakani, referring to a nut.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Sugar pies such as treacle tart were attested in medieval Europe, and adapted in North America to the ingredients available, resulting in such dishes as shoofly pie, sugar cream pie, butter tart and chess pie.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Some Pecan pie recipes may be a variant of chess pie, which is made with a similar butter-sugar-egg plus the addition of milk or condensed milk to make a true custard.<ref>[Joy of Cooking: All About Pies & Tarts, Irma von Starkloff Rombauer, Marion Rombauer Becker, Ethan Becker; p93]</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Some have stated that the French invented pecan pie soon after settling in New Orleans, after being introduced to the pecan nut by the Native American Quinipissa and Tangipahoa tribes.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Claims have also been made of pecan pie existing in the early 1800s in Alabama, but this does not appear to be supported by recipes or literature.<ref name="HSF" />
Cultural contextEdit
Pecan pie is often mentioned in American literature (and television) and is associated with Thanksgiving, Christmas, and other special occasions; for example:
Pecan pie is a staple of the Southern U.S., and is often used in literary context as a symbol of the South; for example:
The Texas Legislature designated pecan pie as the official "State Pie of Texas" in 2013.
VariationsEdit
Alice Colombo's Race Day chocolate pecan pieEdit
This pie is named after Alice Colombo, who was a food editor for the Louisville Courier-Journal in Kentucky. This pie was made by her on the occasion of the Kentucky Derby. The special ingredients suggested in the recipe include cornstarch, to soften the top, bourbon, chocolate chips and whipped cream.<ref name="Haedrich" />Template:Rp
ButterscotchEdit
Characterized by the addition of butterscotch chips and brown sugar (in addition to, not in place of, corn syrup).<ref name="Haedrich" />Template:Rp
Chocolate brownieEdit
This pie has nuts on the surface and it is layered with chocolate pudding and fudge. It is served at room temperature or chilled.<ref name="Haedrich" />Template:Rp
MapleEdit
Includes maple syrup and almond extract.<ref name="Haedrich" />Template:Rp
Pecan tassiesEdit
Pecan tassies are a mini variation of a pecan pie, baked in small cups (traditionally) or more commonly in mini-muffin pans. The recipe first appeared in US newspapers in the 1950-60s,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and was also shown in the movie Steel Magnolias. The origin of the name is unclear, but most recipes mention that "tassie" is the Scottish word for little cup or glass, and that in French a small cup is "la tasse."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Sawdust pieEdit
Sawdust Pie consists of an egg-batter filling with coconut, graham cracker crumbs and pecans, topped with whipped cream and sliced bananas.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name=":1">Template:Cite book</ref> This pie originated in the late 1800s from Patti's Restaurant in Grand Rivers, Kentucky.<ref name=":1" /> The name is due to the texture of the pie filling.<ref name=":1" />
Transparent pieEdit
There are many variations of transparent pie recipes, but one version is a regular pecan pie recipe with pecans omitted, and vanilla replaced with nutmeg or lemon juice.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> This pie can be served at room temperature or chilled, but when it is served at room temperature it looks transparent.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Whiskey chocolate chipEdit
In this pie, chocolate chips and a few teaspoons of Jack Daniel whiskey are added.<ref name="Haedrich" />Template:Rp
Retail salesEdit
In the United States, pecan pies are sold at bakeries, cafes, farmers markets, and grocery stores.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
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