Phlomis
Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Phlomis is a genus of over 100 species<ref name=china>Phlomis. Flora of China.</ref> of herbaceous plants, subshrubs and shrubs in the mint family Lamiaceae, native from the Mediterranean region east across central Asia to China.<ref name="Taylor1998">Template:Cite book</ref>
The name Phlomis derives from a Greek word for "flame", and may refer to the leaves' use in ancient times as lamp wicks.<ref name=AZPLA>Template:Cite book</ref> Common names include Jerusalem sage and lampwick plant.
DescriptionEdit
The overall size varies between species from 30 cm tall up to 2 m tall (12–79 in). The leaves are entire, opposite and decussate (each leaf pair at right angles to the next) and rugose or reticulate veined. The bracts (floral leaves) are similar or different from the lower leaves. All parts are frequently covered with hairs. The bracteoles are ovate, lanceolate or linear. The flowers are arranged in whorls called verticillasters which encircle the stems. The stems are usually square in section with rounded corners, although tomentum on the stems can make them appear circular. The colour of the flowers varies from yellow to pink, purple and white. The calyx is tubular or campanulate with five or ten veins visible. Five teeth, either all equal or with the outer two longer than the others. The upper lip is hood shaped and laterally compressed (P. tuberosa, however, has an uncompressed lip with a dense bearded edge). The lower lip is trifid, the central lobe being larger than the lateral ones. There are four stamens ascending under the upper lip. Anther with forked end, the upper fork being shorter than the lower. The fruits are four three-sided nutlets, and sometimes topped with hair, sometimes glabrous. The root system can be very extensive; roots of 6-week-old seedlings have been measured at 0.7 m.
Phlomis species are the only host plants of the moths Coleophora phlomidella and C. phlomidis.
Phlomic acid is named after the genus.
SystematicsEdit
The following species belong to genus Phlomis, but some of them are now distributed in the genus Phlomoides.<ref name = powo/><ref name=china/><ref name=grin>GRIN Species Records of Phlomis. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).</ref>
PhlomisEdit
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- Phlomis × alanyensis Template:Small
- Phlomis amanica Template:Small
- Phlomis angustissima Template:Small
- Phlomis anisodonta Template:Small
- Phlomis antiatlantica Template:Small
- Phlomis armeniaca Template:Small
- Phlomis aucheri Template:Small
- Phlomis aurea Template:Small
- Phlomis × bornmuelleri Template:Small
- Phlomis bourgaei Template:Small
- Phlomis bovei Template:Small
- Phlomis brachyodon Template:Small
- Phlomis brevibracteata Template:Small
- Phlomis brevidentata Template:Small
- Phlomis brevilabris Template:Small
- Phlomis bruguieri Template:Small
- Phlomis brunneogaleata Template:Small
- Phlomis bucharica Template:Small
- Phlomis cancellata Template:Small
- Phlomis capitata Template:Small
- Phlomis carica Template:Small
- Phlomis cashmeriana Template:Small
- Phlomis cashmirica Template:Small
- Phlomis chimerae Template:Small
- Phlomis chorassanica Template:Small
- Phlomis chrysophylla Template:Small
- Phlomis × cilicica Template:Small
- Phlomis × commixta Template:Small
- Phlomis × composita Template:Small
- Phlomis cretica Template:Small
- Phlomis crinita Template:Small
- Phlomis cyclodon Template:Small
- Phlomis cypria Template:Small
- Phlomis × cytherea Template:Small
- Phlomis dincii Template:Small
- Phlomis drobovii Template:Small
- Phlomis × ekimii Template:Small
- Phlomis elliptica Template:Small
- Phlomis elongata Template:Small
- Phlomis floccosa Template:Small
- Phlomis fruticetorum Template:Small
- Phlomis fruticosa Template:Small – Jerusalem sage
- Phlomis ghilanensis Template:Small
- Phlomis grandiflora Template:Small
- Phlomis herba-venti Template:Small
- Phlomis hypoleuca Template:Small
- Phlomis integrifolia Template:Small
- Phlomis iranica Template:Small
- Phlomis isiliae Template:Small
- Phlomis italica Template:Small
- Phlomis × kalanensis Template:Small
- Phlomis kotschyana Template:Small
- Phlomis kurdica Template:Small
- Phlomis lanata Template:Small
- Phlomis lanceolata Template:Small
- Phlomis leucophracta Template:Small
- Phlomis linearifolia Template:Small
- Phlomis linearis Template:Small
- Phlomis longifolia Template:Small
- Phlomis lunariifolia Template:Small
- Phlomis lurestanica Template:Small
- Phlomis lychnitis Template:Small - lampwick plant
- Phlomis lycia Template:Small
- Phlomis majkopensis Template:Small
- Phlomis × margaritae Template:Small
- Phlomis mazandaranica Template:Small
- Phlomis × melitenensis Template:Small
- Phlomis mindshelkensis Template:Small
- Phlomis × mobullensis Template:Small
- Phlomis monocephala Template:Small
- Phlomis × muglensis Template:Small
- Phlomis nana Template:Small
- Phlomis nissolii Template:Small
- Phlomis nubilans Template:Small
- Phlomis nyalamensis Template:Small
- Phlomis olgae Template:Small
- Phlomis olivieri Template:Small
- Phlomis oppositiflora Template:Small
- Phlomis orientalis Template:Small
- Phlomis × pabotii Template:Small
- Phlomis pachyphylla Template:Small
- Phlomis persica Template:Small
- Phlomis physocalyx Template:Small
- Phlomis pichleri Template:Small
- Phlomis platystegia Template:Small
- Phlomis polioxantha Template:Small
- Phlomis × praetervisa Template:Small
- Phlomis purpurea Template:Small
- Phlomis × rechingeri Template:Small
- Phlomis regelii Template:Small
- Phlomis rigida Template:Small
- Phlomis russeliana Template:Small
- Phlomis salicifolia Template:Small
- Phlomis samia Template:Small
- Phlomis × semiorbata Template:Small
- Phlomis sewerzowii Template:Small
- Phlomis × sieberi Template:Small
- Phlomis sieheana Template:Small
- Phlomis sintenisii Template:Small
- Phlomis spinidens Template:Small
- Phlomis × stapfiana Template:Small
- Phlomis stewartii Template:Small
- Phlomis syriaca Template:Small
- Phlomis tathamiorum Template:Small – from Lebanon
- Phlomis tenorei Template:Small
- Phlomis tenuis Template:Small
- Phlomis × termessi Template:Small
- Phlomis thapsoides Template:Small
- Phlomis tomentosa Template:Small
- Phlomis trineura Template:Small
- Phlomis × tunceliensis Template:Small
- Phlomis × vierhapperi Template:Small
- Phlomis viscosa Template:Small
- Phlomis × vuralii Template:Small
- Phlomis × wendelboi Template:Small
- Phlomis zenaidae Template:Small
PhlomoidesEdit
- Phlomis alpina now called Phlomoides alpina
- Phlomis betonicoides now called Phlomoides betonicoides
- Phlomis bracteosa now called Phlomoides bracteosa
- Phlomis macrophylla now called Phlomoides macrophylla
- Phlomis maximowiczii now called Phlomoides maximowiczii
- Phlomis melanantha now called Phlomoides melanantha
- Phlomis milingensis now called Phlomoides milingensis
- Phlomis oreophila now called Phlomoides oreophila
- Phlomis pratensis now called Phlomoides pratensis
- Phlomis rotata now called Phlomoides rotata
- Phlomis spectabilis now called Phlomoides spectabilis
- Phlomis tuberosa now called Phlomoides tuberosa
- Phlomis umbrosa now called Phlomoides umbrosa
- Phlomis younghusbandii now called Phlomoides younghusbandii