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List of political parties in Finland

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists This article is a list of political parties in Finland, which includes Finland's national-level political parties and excludes local and provincial parties (such as the parties of Åland). A party is defined as a political association whose existence is recorded in the Ministry of Justice's party register.<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Finland has a multi-party system. Coalition governments which comprise a majority of seats in the Parliament of Finland are the norm. Those parties which are not in government are called the opposition. Due to the lack of an electoral threshold, many parties are usually represented in Parliament. As a result, it is all but impossible for one party to win a majority. Additionally, the parties usually cannot win enough seats between them to form a governing coalition on their own. Most Finnish governments, particularly since World War II, have thus been grand coalitions comprising parties stretching across the political spectrum.

Political parties work in parliamentary groups (eduskuntaryhmät) which usually vote with non-absolute party discipline.

Parties are composed of local chapters based in municipalities. In municipalities, which are fundamental administrative units in the country, parties hold seats in the municipal councils, but often have to compete for them with local non-party groups (independents).

Finnish law states that a political association which fulfills certain conditions is eligible to become a political party free of charge.<ref name=":0" /> Among these conditions are:

  • that the primary purpose of the association is to affect governmental affairs,
  • that it has received at least 5,000 votes in any parliamentary, municipal, county, or European Parliament election,
  • that the association's rules secure the following of democratic principles in its decision making and activities,
  • and that it has a general program based on these rules which expresses the association's principles and goals regarding its actions in governmental affairs.

A registered party may nominate candidates in any national and local elections, and a party that is represented in parliament is entitled to a government subsidy relative to its number of seats. To qualify as a registered party, an association must have bylaws guaranteeing democratic internal organization and must be able to present 5,000 signatures from its supporters who are eligible to vote. A party that fails to win a single seat in two consecutive parliamentary elections is stricken from the register, but may apply again.

Parliamentary partiesEdit

Party Ideology MPs MEPs CCs Leader Founded Template:Abbr
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:National Coalition Party logo.svg
 National Coalition Party
Kansallinen Kokoomus
(Samlingspartiet) 		Template:Langx
Template:Langx 		Liberal conservatism Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Petteri Orpo 1918 <ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/>
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Perussuomalaiset Logo.svg
 Finns Party
Perussuomalaiset
(Sannfinländarna) 		Template:Langx
Template:Langx 		National conservatism
Right-wing populism 		Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Riikka Purra 1995 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

width="5px" style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Sozialdemokratische Partei Finnlands Logo.svg
 Social Democratic Party
Sosialidemokraatit
(Socialdemokraterna) 		Template:Party abbr Social democracy Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Antti Lindtman 1899 <ref name="List" /><ref name="Rekisteröidyt" /><ref name="Kielitoimisto" />
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Keskusta.svg
 Centre Party
Suomen Keskusta
(Centern i Finland) 		Template:Langx
Template:Langx 		Agrarianism (Nordic)
Liberalism 		Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Antti Kaikkonen 1906 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref name="Rekisteröidyt">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref name="Kielitoimisto">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Vihreät.svg
 Green League
Vihreä liitto
(Gröna förbundet)
(Ruoná lihttu)
(Ruánáá litto)
(Ruânn lett) 		Template:Party abbrev Green politics
Green liberalism 		Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Sofia Virta 1987 <ref name="List" /><ref name="Rekisteröidyt" /><ref name="Kielitoimisto" />
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Vasemmistoliitto Logo 2018.svg
 Left Alliance
Vasemmistoliitto
(Vänsterförbundet) 		Template:Langx
Template:Langx 		Democratic socialism
Eco-socialism 		Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Minja Koskela 1990 <ref name="List" /><ref name="Rekisteröidyt" /><ref name="Kielitoimisto" />
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Ruotsalainen kansanpuolue Teillogo.svg
 Swedish People's Party
Ruotsalainen kansanpuolue
(Svenska folkpartiet) 		Template:Langx
Template:Langx 		Liberalism
Swedish-speaking minority interests 		Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Anders Adlercreutz 1906 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Christian Democrats (Finland) logo 2022.svg
 Christian Democrats
Kristillisdemokraatit
(Kristdemokraterna) 		Template:Party abbr Christian democracy
Social conservatism 		Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Sari Essayah 1958 <ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/>
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Liike Nyt Party.png
 Movement Now
Liike Nyt
(Rörelse Nu) 		Template:Langx
Template:Langx 		Economic liberalism Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Harry Harkimo 2018 citation CitationClass=web

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Extra-parliamentary partiesEdit

RegisteredEdit

Those parties that have received neither a seat in the Parliament of Finland nor in the European Parliament, but which are registered political parties, are listed below.

Party Ideology CCs Leader Founded Template:Abbr
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Animal Justice Party
Eläinoikeuspuolue
(Djurrättspartiet) 		Template:Party abbr Animal rights 0 Tatu Chanth 2015 <ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/>
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Power Belongs to the People
Valta kuuluu kansalle
 		Template:Party abbr Finnish ultranationalism
Vaccine hesitancy<ref name=KU2>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation 		CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref name="HS">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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}}</ref>

0 Antti Asikainen 2021 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Crystal Party
Kristallipuolue
(Kristall Parti) 		Template:Party abbr Spirituality
Anti-lockdown 		0 Sanna Seesvalo 2013 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

width="5px" style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Communist Party of Finland
Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue
(Finlands Kommunistiska Parti) 		Template:Party abbr Communism
Marxism–Leninism 		0 Liisa Taskinen 1994 <ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/>
The Open Party
Avoin Puolue 		Template:Party abbrev Liberalism
Open government 		0 Thierry Botty van den Bruele 2020 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Freedom Alliance
Vapauden liitto 		Template:Party abbr Right-wing populism
National conservatism 		0 Ossi Tiihonen 2022
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Truth Party
Totuuspuolue 		Template:Party abbrev National conservatism
Russophilia 		0 Jaana Kavonius 2023 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Liberal Party – Freedom to Choose
Liberaalipuolue - Vapaus valita
(Liberalpartiet - Frihet att välja) 		Template:Party abbr Classical liberalism
Economic liberalism 		1 Lassi Kivinen 2015 <ref name=poistettu/><ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/>
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Blue-and-Black Movement
Sinimusta Liike
 SML Neo-fascism 0 Tuukka Kuru 2021 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Hamppupuolue Single-issue (cannabis) 0 Template:Ill

De-registeredEdit

The parties listed below have previously held the status of a registered party, but have been de-registered.

Party Ideology Leader Founded Template:Abbr
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Kansalaisliitto
Kansalaisliitto
(Medborgarförbundet) 		Template:Party abbr Direct democracy
Economic democracy 		Päivi Järnfors 1994 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/>

style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Pirate Party
Piraattipuolue
(Piratpartiet) 		Template:Party abbr Pirate politics
Social liberalism 		Marek Nečada 2008 <ref name=poistettu/><ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/>
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Feminist Party
Feministinen puolue
(Feministiska partiet) 		Template:Party abbr Feminism Lauri Alhojärvi 2016 <ref name=poistettu/><ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/>
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Communist Workers' Party
Kommunistinen Työväenpuolue
(Kommunistiska Arbetarpartiet) 		Template:Party abbr Communism
Marxism–Leninism 		Sanni Riihiaho 1988 <ref name=List/><ref name="Rekisteröidyt"/><ref name=Kielitoimisto/>
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Change 2011
Muutos 2011
(Förändring 2011) 		Template:Party abbr Direct democracy
Populism 		2009 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Historical partiesEdit

Parliamentary historical partiesEdit

Party Founded Dissolved
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Finnish Party
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1863 1918
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Young Finnish Party
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1894 1918
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Christian Workers' Union of Finland
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, KTL
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1906 1922
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Template:Ill
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1917 1918
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Communist Party of Finland
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, SKP
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, FKP 		1918 1992
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | National Progressive Party
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1918 1951
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Liberal Swedish Party
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1919 1951
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Patriotic People's Movement
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1932 1944
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | People's Party
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1932 1936
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Finnish People's Democratic League
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, SKDL
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, DFFF 		1945 1990
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Liberal League
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1951 1965
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Liberals
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1965 2011
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Finnish People's Unity Party
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, SKYP
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, EFF 		1972 1983
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Constitutional Right Party
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, POP
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1973 1992
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Democratic Alternative
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, Deva
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, DA 		1986 1990
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Kirjava ”Puolue” – Elonkehän Puolesta
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1988 2003
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | People's Party of Finland
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1951 1965
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Reform Group
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1998 2001
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Finnish Rural Party
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, SMP
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, FLP 		1959 1995
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Small Farmers Party
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1936 1954
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Small Farmers' Party of Finland
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1929 1936
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Socialist Electoral Organisation of Workers and Smallholders
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, STPV
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1924 1930
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Socialist Workers' Party of Finland
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, SSTP
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1920 1923
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Socialist Unity Party
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, SYP
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1946 1955
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Social Democratic Union of Workers and Smallholders
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, TPSL
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, ASSF 		1959 1973
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Young Finns
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} 		1994 1999

Extra-parliamentary historical partiesEdit

File:Piraattipuolueen ja Itsenäisyyspuolueen vaalikontit.jpg
Election campaign stations for the Pirate Party and Independence Party, Narinkka, Helsinki.

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

Template:Reflist

External linksEdit

Template:Finnish political parties Template:Finland topics Template:List of political parties in Europe

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