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Puntius

Article Discussion

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Puntius is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae native to South Asia and Mainland Southeast Asia, as well as Taiwan.<ref name=FB>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|fishbase|genus=|species=|subspecies=}}</ref>

Many species formerly placed in Puntius have been moved to other genera such as Barbodes, Dawkinsia, Desmopuntius, Haludaria, Oliotius, Pethia, Puntigrus, Sahyadria and Systomus.<ref name=Kottelat2013>Kottelat, M. (2013): The fishes of the inland waters of southeast Asia: A catalogue and core bibliography of the fishes known to occur in freshwaters, mangroves and estuaries. Template:Webarchive Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Suppl. No. 27: 1–663.</ref><ref name=Pethiyagoda2012>Pethiyagoda, R., Meegaskumbura, M. & Maduwage, K. (2012): A synopsis of the South Asian fishes referred to Puntius (Pisces: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 23 (1): 69–95.</ref><ref name=Raghavan2013>Raghavan, R., Philip, S., Ali, A. & Dahanukar, N. (2013): Sahyadria, a new genus of barbs (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from Western Ghats of India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 5 (15): 4932–4938.</ref>

Previously, it was assumed that the earliest record of this genus was the fossil species Puntius bussyi from the Eocene of Sumatra, but a 2020 study reclassified this species into the new genus Pauciuncus, possibly in the subfamily Smiliogastrinae.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

EtymologyEdit

File:Puntius, a genus of small freshwater fish in the family of "Cyprinidae", captured in West Bengal, India.jpg
Puti maach (Puntius fish) in West Bengal, India.

The name Puntius comes from Pungti (Pronounced Puti), a Bangla term for small cyprinids.

RangeEdit

Fishes of the genus Puntius are found in South Asia (west to Pakistan and south to Sri Lanka) and Mainland Southeast Asia, with a single species, P. snyderi, in Taiwan.<ref name=FB/><ref name=Kottelat2013/> The greatest species richness is in India.<ref name=FB/>

DescriptionEdit

File:Puntius of West Bengal.jpg
Puntius of West Bengal, India
File:Swamp barb in Assam.jpg
Chola barb (Puntius chola)

The maximum size for an adult of this genus is Template:Convert, but most species reach Template:Convert and some species do not surpass Template:Convert.<ref name=FB/> In appearance they may resemble miniature carp and are sometimes brightly coloured or patterned.<ref name=FB/>

BehaviorEdit

These fishes are omnivorous; their diet includes small invertebrates and plant matter. Breeding is by egg scattering and takes place close to the bottom, near or within areas of dense plant growth. They do not show parental care and adults may eat the young.

TaxonomyEdit

Historically, many species of Puntius have been classified in several genera, including Barbus. Despite the reclassifications, the specific epithet remains the same in these – except in cases of homonymies – as Barbus and Puntius have the same grammatical gender. The closest living relatives of the spotted barbs are the genus Cyprinion and perhaps the genus Capoeta. These and the other "typical" barbs and barbels were formerly often separated as subfamily Barbinae, but this group is highly paraphyletic with regard to the Cyprininae and better merged there at least for the largest part (including Puntius). In particular the genus Barbonymus, containing the tinfoil barb and its relatives – for some time included in Puntius – appears to be a kind of carp that has evolved convergently with barbs.

This genus is classified within the subfamily Smiliogastrinae by Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes.<ref name = "Cof family">Template:Cof family</ref>

SpeciesEdit

These are the currently recognized species in this genus:

ReferencesEdit

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