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R. C. Sherriff

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox writer Robert Cedric Sherriff, FSA, FRSL (6 June 1896 – 13 November 1975)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> was an English writer best known for his play Journey's End,<ref name="Stevens">Template:Cite book</ref> which was based on his experiences as an army officer in the First World War.<ref name=britannica/> He wrote several plays, many novels, and multiple screenplays, and was nominated for an Academy Award and two BAFTA awards.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Early lifeEdit

Sherriff was born in Hampton Wick, Middlesex, to insurance clerk Herbert Hankin Sherriff and Constance Winder.<ref name="ukpro"/> He was educated at Kingston Grammar School in Kingston upon Thames from 1905 to 1913.<ref group="n"> Sherriff maintained close links with the school for the rest of his life. He sent a copy of Journey's End to the headmaster after the play was first performed in 1928, and was a generous benefactor to the school until his death, paying particularly close attention to the school rowing club, whose supporters' club now bears his name. He financed a number of boats named after his plays (Journey's End, White Carnation, Home at Seven, Long Sunset and Badger's Green). He also purchased a piece of land at the end of Aragon Avenue in Thames Ditton for the purpose of building a school boathouse,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> which was completed in 1980. </ref> After he left school, Sherriff began working at an insurance office as a clerk in 1914.

Military serviceEdit

Sherriff served as an officer in the 9th battalion of the East Surrey Regiment in the First World War, taking part in the fighting at Vimy Ridge and Loos.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He was severely wounded at Passchendaele near Ypres in 1917.<ref name="sherriff1968pp14,22">Template:Cite book</ref>

Post-war periodEdit

After recovering from his wounds, Sherriff worked as an insurance adjuster from 1918 to 1928 at Sun Insurance Company, London.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Sherriff read history at New College, Oxford, from 1931 to 1934.<ref>Template:Cite odnb</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature and the Society of Antiquaries of London.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

CareerEdit

PlaywrightEdit

Sherriff wrote his first play to help Kingston Rowing Club raise money to buy a new boat.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Sherriff started writing his seventh play, Journey's End, probably his most famous, during the summer of 1927 in one of the railway carriage bungalows at Selsey.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> It was published in 1929 and was based on his experiences in the war.<ref name=britannica>Template:Britannica</ref> It was given a single Sunday performance, on 9 December 1928, by the Incorporated Stage Society at the Apollo Theatre, directed by James Whale and with the 21-year-old Laurence Olivier in the lead role.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In the audience was Maurice Browne who produced it at the Savoy Theatre where it was performed for two years from 1929.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The play was hugely successful and there was wide press coverage which reveals how audience responses provoked by this play shaped understanding of the First World War in the interwar years.<ref>Purkis, Charlotte (2016) 'The Mediation of Constructions of Pacifism in Journey's End and The Searcher, two Contrasting Dramatic Memorials from the Late 1920s' https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1461670X.2015.1135753</ref>

NovelistEdit

Sherriff also wrote prose. A novelised version of Journey's End, co-written with Vernon Bartlett, was published in 1930.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> His 1939 novel, The Hopkins Manuscript is an H. G. Wells-influenced post-apocalyptic story about an earth devastated because of a collision with the Moon.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Its sober language and realistic depiction of an average man coming to terms with a ruined England is said to have been an influence on later science fiction authors such as John Wyndham and Brian Aldiss.<ref>Brian Aldiss. Billion Year Spree: The True History of Science Fiction (1972)</ref> The Fortnight in September, an earlier novel, published in 1931, is a rather more plausible story about a Bognor holiday enjoyed by a lower-middle-class family from Dulwich.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It was nominated by Kazuo Ishiguro as a book to 'inspire, uplift and offer escape' in a list compiled by The Guardian during the COVID-19 pandemic, describing it as "just about the most uplifting, life-affirming novel I can think of right now".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

His 1936 novel Greengates is a realistic novel about a middle-aged couple, Tom and Edith Baldwin, moving from an established London suburb into the new suburbs of Metro-land.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Award nominationsEdit

Sherriff was nominated along with Eric Maschwitz and Claudine West for an Academy award for writing an adapted screenplay for Goodbye, Mr. Chips which was released in 1939.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> His 1955 screenplays, The Dam Busters and The Night My Number Came Up were nominated for best British screenplay BAFTA awards.<ref name="glancy2008" />

WorkEdit

PlaysEdit

Film scriptsEdit

BooksEdit

Notes and referencesEdit

NotesEdit

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ReferencesEdit

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Further readingEdit

External linksEdit

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