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Rafer Johnson

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Rafer Lewis Johnson (August 18, 1934 – December 2, 2020) was an American decathlete and film and television actor. He was the 1960 Olympic gold medalist in the decathlon, having won silver in 1956. He had previously won a gold at the 1955 Pan American Games. Johnson was the U.S. team's flag bearer at the 1960 Olympics and lit the Olympic cauldron at the 1984 Summer Olympics.

In 1968, Johnson, football player Rosey Grier, and journalist George Plimpton tackled Sirhan Sirhan moments after he had fatally shot Robert F. Kennedy.

After he retired from athletics, Johnson turned to acting, sportscasting, and public service and was instrumental in creating the California Special Olympics. His acting career included appearances in The Sins of Rachel Cade (1961), the Elvis Presley film Wild in the Country (1961), Pirates of Tortuga (1961), None but the Brave (1965), two Tarzan films with Mike Henry, The Last Grenade (1970), Soul Soldier (1970), Roots: The Next Generations (1979), the James Bond film Licence to Kill (1989), and Think Big (1990).

BiographyEdit

Johnson was born in Hillsboro, Texas on August 18, 1934.Template:Efn<ref name=":1">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> His family moved to Kingsburg, California, when he was aged nine.<ref name=":2">Template:Cite book</ref> For a while, they were the only black family in the town.<ref name=SI>Template:Cite magazine</ref> A versatile athlete, he played on Kingsburg High School's soccer, baseball and basketball teams. He was also elected class president in both junior high and high school.<ref name=SI /> The summer between his sophomore and junior years in high school (age 16), his coach Murl Dodson drove Johnson 24 miles (40 km) to Tulare and watched Bob Mathias compete in the 1952 U.S. Olympic decathlon trials.<ref name="Rivals"/> Johnson told his coach, "I could have beaten most of those guys."<ref name=SI /> Dodson and Johnson drove back a month later to watch Mathias's victory parade. Weeks later, Johnson competed in a high school invitational decathlon and won the event. He also won the 1953 and 1954 California state high school decathlon meets.<ref name="Rivals">Template:Cite book</ref>

In 1954, as a freshman at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), his progress in the event was impressive; he broke the world record in his fourth competition.<ref name=SI /> He pledged Pi Lambda Phi fraternity, America's first non-sectarian fraternity, and was class president<ref name=SI /> at UCLA. In 1955, in Mexico City, he won the title at the Pan American Games.<ref name=":1" />

Johnson qualified for both the decathlon and the long jump events for the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne. However, he was hampered by an injury and forfeited his place in the long jump. Despite this handicap, he managed win silver in the decathlon behind compatriot Milt Campbell. It would turn out to be his last defeat in the event.<ref name="SI" />

Due to injury, Johnson missed the 1957 and 1959 seasons (the latter due to a car accident), but he broke the world record in 1958 and again in 1960.<ref name="AP-Mercury"/> The crown to his career came at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome. His most serious rival was Yang Chuan-Kwang (C. K. Yang) of Taiwan. Yang also studied at UCLA; the two trained together under UCLA track coach Elvin C. "Ducky" Drake and had become friends. In the decathlon, the lead swung back and forth between them. Finally, after nine events, Johnson led Yang by a small margin, but Yang was known to be better in the final event, the 1500 m. According to The Telegraph (UK), "legend has it" that Drake gave coaching to both men, with him advising Johnson to stay close to Yang and be ready for "a hellish sprint" at the end, and advising Yang to put as much distance between himself and Johnson before the final sprint as possible.<ref name=Telegraph2012>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=Maraniss2008>Template:Cite book</ref>

Johnson ran his personal best at 4:49.7 and finished just 1.2 sec slower than Yang, winning the gold by 58 points with an Olympic record total of 8,392 points. Both athletes were exhausted and drained and came to a stop a few paces past the finish line leaning against each other for support.<ref name=Telegraph2012/> With this victory, Johnson ended his athletic career.<ref name=":1" />

At UCLA, Johnson also played basketball under legendary coach John Wooden and was a starter for the Bruins on their 1958–59 team.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Wooden considered Johnson a great defensive player, but sometimes regretted holding back his teams early in his coaching career, remarking, "imagine Rafer Johnson on the [fast] break."<ref name=SI />

Johnson was selected by the Los Angeles Rams in the 28th round (333rd overall) of the 1959 NFL draft as a running back.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Johnson was also selected as a guard by the Los Angeles Jets as one of their two territorial selections in the inaugural 1961 ABL draft alongside Gary Phillips.<ref>Template:Cite book, pg. 69</ref> However, he would never play for either Los Angeles based team or in either professional sports league.

File:Rafer Johnson 1960.jpg
Johnson at the 1960 Summer Olympics

While training for the 1960 Olympics, his friend Kirk Douglas told him about a part in Spartacus that Douglas thought might make him a star: the Ethiopian gladiator Draba, who refuses to kill Spartacus (played by Douglas) after defeating him in a duel. Johnson read for and got the role, but was forced to turn it down because the Amateur Athletic Union told him it would make him a professional and therefore ineligible for the Olympics under the rules of the time. The role eventually went to another UCLA great, Woody Strode.<ref name="SI" /> In 1960, Johnson began acting in motion pictures and working as a sportscaster. He made several film appearances, mostly in the 1960s. Johnson worked full-time as a sportscaster in the early 1970s. He was a weekend sports anchor on the local NBC affiliate in Los Angeles, KNBC, but seemed uncomfortable in that position and eventually moved on to other things.<ref name=":3">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Johnson worked on the presidential election campaign of United States Senator Robert F. Kennedy, and on June 5, 1968, with the help of Rosey Grier and George Plimpton, he apprehended Sirhan Sirhan immediately after Sirhan had assassinated Kennedy at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles, California. Kennedy died the following day at Good Samaritan Hospital. Johnson discussed the experience in his autobiography, The Best That I Can Be (published in 1999 by Galilee Trade Publishing and co-authored with Philip Goldberg).<ref name=":2" />

File:Special Olympics with Rafer Johnson.jpg
Johnson at the 1972 Special Olympics

Johnson served on the organizing committee for the first Special Olympics competition in Chicago in 1968, hosted by Special Olympics founder, Eunice Kennedy Shriver and the next year he led the founding of the California Special Olympics.<ref name=AP-Mercury>Template:Cite news</ref> Johnson, along with a small group of volunteers, founded California Special Olympics in 1969 by conducting a competition at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum for 900 individuals with intellectual disabilities. Following the first California Games in 1969, Johnson became one of the original members of the board of directors. The board worked together to raise funds and offer a modest program of swimming and track and field. In 1983, Rafer ran for President of the Board to increase Board participation, reorganize the staff to most effectively use each person's talents, and expand fundraising efforts. He was elected president and served in the capacity until 1992, when he was named chairman of the Board of Governors.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

FamilyEdit

Johnson married Elizabeth Thorsen in 1971. They had two children and four grandchildren.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Johnson's brother Jimmy was a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame and his daughter Jennifer competed in beach volleyball at the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney following her collegiate career at UCLA.<ref name=sr/> His son Joshua Johnson followed his father into track and field and had a podium finish in the javelin throw at the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships.<ref>Jacobs and Washington on track for repeat in Paris – USA Champs Day Three. IAAF (2003-06-22). Retrieved on 2015-07-02.</ref>

Johnson participated in the Art of the Olympians program.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

DeathEdit

Rafer Johnson died after suffering a stroke on December 2, 2020, in Sherman Oaks, California. He was 86.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite news</ref>

AchievementsEdit

File:Olympische Spelen te Rome Opening USA vlaggendrager, Bestanddeelnr 911-5404.jpg
Johnson at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome

Johnson was named Sports Illustrated's Sportsman of the Year in 1958<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> and won the James E. Sullivan Award as the top amateur athlete in the United States in 1960, breaking that award's color barrier. In 1962, he received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was chosen to ignite the Olympic Flame during the opening ceremonies of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, becoming the first Black athlete in Olympic history to do so.<ref name=SI /> In 1994, he was elected into the first class of the World Sports Humanitarian Hall of Fame.<ref name=":3" />

In 1998, Johnson was named one of ESPN's 100 Greatest North American Athletes of the 20th Century. In 2006, the NCAA named him one of the 100 Most Influential Student Athletes of the past 100 years.<ref>"100 Most Influentical Student-Athletes". NCAA</ref> On August 25, 2009, Governor Schwarzenegger and Maria Shriver announced that Johnson would be one of 13 California Hall of Fame inductees in The California Museum's yearlong exhibit. The induction ceremony was on December 1, 2009, in Sacramento, California.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Johnson was a member of The Pigskin Club of Washington, D.C. National Intercollegiate All-American Football Players Honor Roll.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Rafer Johnson Junior High School in Kingsburg, California is named in his honor, as are Rafer Johnson Community Day School and Rafer Johnson Children's Center, both in Bakersfield, California.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The latter school, which has classes for special education students from the ages of birth-5, also puts on an annual Rafer Johnson Day. Every year Johnson himself spoke at the event and cheered on hundreds of students with special needs as they participated in a variety of track and field events.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2010, Johnson received the Fernando Award for Civic Accomplishment from the Fernando Foundation and in 2011, he was inducted into the Bakersfield City School District Hall of Fame. Additionally, Rafer acted as the athletic advisor to Dan Guerrero, Director of Athletics at UCLA. He was Inducted into the Texas Track and Field Coaches Hall of Fame, Class of 2016.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In November 2014, Johnson received the Athletes in Excellence Award from The Foundation for Global Sports Development, in recognition of his community service efforts and work with youth.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2005, Johnson was awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters (L.H.D.) degree from Whittier College.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

FilmographyEdit

ActorEdit

Source: <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Production rolesEdit

NotesEdit

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ReferencesEdit

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Further readingEdit

External linksEdit

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