Template:Short description In stock market technical analysis, support and resistance are certain predetermined levels of the price of a security at which it is thought that the price will tend to stop and reverse.<ref name=Integrated1>Template:Cite journal</ref> These levels are denoted by multiple touches of price without a breakthrough of the level.
Support versus resistanceEdit
A support level is a level where the price tends to find support as it falls due to an increase in demand for the asset. This means that the price is more likely to "bounce" off this level rather than break through it. However, once the price has breached this level, by an amount exceeding some noise, it is likely to continue falling until meeting another support level.<ref name=DailyFX1>Template:Cite news</ref>
A resistance level is the opposite of a support level. It is where the price tends to find resistance as it rises due to an increase in selling interest. Again, this means that the price is more likely to "bounce" off this level rather than break through it. However, once the price has breached this level, by an amount exceeding some noise, it is likely to continue rising until meeting another resistance level.
Traders use support and resistance levels in different chart patterns.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Reactive versus proactive support and resistanceEdit
Proactive support and resistance methods are "predictive" in that they often outline areas where price has not actually been.<ref name=TechnicalAnalysis1>Template:Cite book</ref> They are based upon current price action that, through analysis, has been shown to be predictive of future price action.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Proactive support and resistance methods include Measured Moves, Swing Ratio Projection/Confluence (Static (Square of Nine), Dynamic (Fibonacci)), Calculated Pivots, Volatility Based, Trendlines and Moving averages, VWAP, Market Profile (VAH, VAL and POC).<ref name=TechnicalAnalysis1/>
Reactive support and resistance are the opposite: they are formed directly as a result of price action or volume behaviour. They include Volume Profile, Price Swing lows/highs, Initial Balance, Open Gaps, certain Candle Patterns (e.g. Engulfing, Tweezers) and OHLC.<ref name=TechnicalAnalysis1/>
A price histogram is useful in showing at what price a market has spent more relative time. Psychological levels near round numbers often serve as support and resistance.<ref name=TechnicalAnalysis1/>
Identifying support and resistance levelsEdit
Support and resistance levels can be identified by trend lines (technical analysis).<ref name=ForexGuy1>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Some traders believe in using pivot point calculations.<ref name=FXStreet1>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The more often a support/resistance level is "tested" (touched and bounced off by price), the more significance is given to that specific level.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
If a price breaks past a support level, that support level often becomes a new resistance level. The opposite is true as well; if price breaks a resistance level, it will often find support at that level in the future.<ref name=GoogleSchoalr1>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Psychological Support and Resistance levels form an important part of a trader's technical analysis.<ref name=YahooFInance1>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> As price reaches a value ending in 50 (ex. 1.2050) or 00 (ex. 1.3000), people often see these levels as a strong potential for interruption in the current movement. The price may hit the line and reverse, it could hover around the level as Bulls and Bears fought for supremacy, or it may punch straight through. A trader should always exercise caution when approaching 00 levels in general, and 50 levels if it has previously acted as Support or Resistance.
See alsoEdit
- Top (technical analysis)
- Trend line (technical analysis)
- Bottom (technical analysis)
- Price discovery
- Representativeness heuristic
- Fibonacci retracement
ReferencesEdit
Further readingEdit
- John Murphy, Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets, Template:ISBN