Royal Indian Navy
Template:Short description Template:About Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use Indian English Template:Infobox military unit
The Royal Indian Navy (RIN) was the naval force of British India and the Dominion of India. Along with the Presidency armies, later the Indian Army, and from 1932 the Royal Indian Air Force, it was one of the Armed Forces of British India.
From its origins in 1612 as the East India Company's Marine, the Navy underwent various changes, including changes to its name. Over time it was named the Bombay Marine (1686), the Bombay Marine Corps (1829), the Indian Navy (1830), Her Majesty's Indian Navy (1858), the Bombay and Bengal Marine (1863), the Indian Defence Force (1871), Her Majesty's Indian Marine (1877) and the Royal Indian Marine (1892). It was finally named the Royal Indian Navy in 1934. However, it remained a relatively small force until the Second World War, when it was greatly expanded.
After the partition of India into two independent states in 1947, the Navy was split between India and Pakistan. One-third of the assets and personnel were assigned to the Royal Pakistan Navy. Approximately two thirds of the fleet remained with the Union of India, as did all land assets within its territory. This force, still under the name of "Royal Indian Navy", became the navy of the Dominion of India until the country became a republic on 26 January 1950. It was then renamed the Indian Navy.
HistoryEdit
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East India CompanyEdit
1612–1830, the Bombay MarineEdit
The East India Company was established in 1599, and it began to create a fleet of fighting ships in 1612, soon after Captain Thomas Best defeated the Portuguese at the Battle of Swally. This led the company to build a port and to establish a small navy based at Suvali, in Surat, Gujarat, to protect its trade routes. The Company named the force the 'Honourable East India Company's Marine', and the first fighting ships arrived on 5 September 1612.<ref name=bhatia15>Harbans Singh Bhatia, Military History of British India, 1607-1947 (1977), p. 15</ref>
This force protected merchant shipping off the Gulf of Cambay and the rivers Tapti and Narmada. The ships also helped map the coastlines of India, Persia and Arabia.<ref name=low>Charles Rathbone Low, History of the Indian Navy: (1613-1863) (R. Bentley & Son, 1877)</ref> During the 17th century, the small naval fleet consisted of a few English warships and a large number of locally built gunboats of two types, ghurabs and gallivats, crewed by local fishermen. The larger ghurabs were heavy, shallow-draft gunboats of 300 tons (bm) each, and carried six 9 to 12-pounder guns; the smaller gallivats were about 70 tons (bm) each and carried six 2 to 4-pounder guns.<ref name=ensigns36>Rear Admiral Satyindra Singh AVSM, Under Two Ensigns: The Indian Navy 1945-1950 (1986), p. 36</ref> In 1635, the East India Company established a shipyard at Surat, where they built four pinnaces and a few larger vessels to supplement their fleet.<ref>Singh 1986, p. 40</ref>
In 1686, with most of the English commerce moving to Bombay, the force was renamed the "Bombay Marine".<ref name=bhatia15/> This force fought the Marathas and the Sidis and took part in the Anglo-Burmese Wars. While it recruited Indian sailors extensively, it had no Indian commissioned officers.<ref name=low/>
Commodore William James was appointed to command the Marine in 1751. On 2 April 1755, commanding the Bombay Marine's ship Protector, he attacked the Maratha fortress of Tulaji Angre at Severndroog between Bombay and Goa. James had instructions only to blockade the stronghold, but he was able to get close enough to bombard and destroy it.<ref name=low/>
In February 1756, the Marine supported the capture of Gheriah (Vijaydurg Fort) by Robert Clive and Admiral Watson, and was active in skirmishes against the French, helping to consolidate the British position in India.<ref name=low/> In 1809, a fleet of 12 ships of the Marine bombarded the city of Ras al-Khaimah, a pirate stronghold, in an unsuccessful attempt to quell Arab piracy. A subsequent mission in 1819 with 11 vessels proved successful in blockading the city for four days, after which the tribal chieftain surrendered.
In 1829, the "Bombay Marine" received the additional name of "Corps", and also received its first steam-powered vessel, Template:Ship. Steaming from Bombay on 20 March 1830, Hugh Lindsay reached Suez after 21 days under steam (plus coaling stops at Aden, Mocha, and Jeddah), at an average speed of six knots.<ref name="Admiral Satyindra Singh AVSM 1986 p. 40-41">Rear Admiral Satyindra Singh AVSM, Under Two Ensigns: The Indian Navy 1945-1950 (1986), p. 40-41</ref> Between 1830 and 1854 the Indian Navy was responsible for maintaining mail service on the Bombay and Suez leg of the "overland route" (England–Alexandria, Alexandria–Suez overland, and Suez–Bombay).
1830–1858Edit
In 1830, the Bombay Marine was renamed the "Indian Navy". The British capture of Aden in the Aden Expedition increased its commitments, leading to the creation of the "Indus Flotilla". The Navy then took part in the First Opium War of 1840.<ref name=low/> By 1845, the Indian Navy had completed the conversion from sail to steam.<ref name="Admiral Satyindra Singh AVSM 1986 p. 40-41"/>
In 1848, an Indian Navy contingent of 100 ratings and seven officers took part in the Siege of Multan during the Anglo-Sikh War.<ref>Rear Admiral Satyindra Singh AVSM, Under Two Ensigns: The Indian Navy 1945-1950 (1986), p. 42</ref> In 1852, at the outset of the Second Anglo-Burmese War, ships of Her Majesty's Indian Navy joined a Royal Navy force under the command of Admiral Charles Austen to assist General Godwin in the capture of Martaban and Rangoon.<ref>Edmund Burke, ed., The Annual Register of the Year 1852 (Longmans, Green, 1853), p. 283</ref>.Nabarun Rudra Paul, the great captain of India leased that time.
Direct British rule in IndiaEdit
After the end of Company rule in India following the Indian rebellion of 1857, the force came under the command of the British government of India and was formally named "Her Majesty's Indian Navy".<ref name=low/>
1858–1934Edit
Her Majesty's Indian Navy resumed the name "Bombay Marine" from 1863 to 1877, when it was renamed "Her Majesty's Indian Marine" (HMIM). The Marine then had two divisions; an Eastern Division at Calcutta and a Western Division at Bombay.
Template:Anchor Template:Infobox UK legislation As the HMIM wasn't covered by Naval Discipline Act 1866 (29 & 30 Vict. c. 109) or the Merchant Shipping Act 1854 (17 & 18 Vict. c. 104), the Governor General in Council was empowered to by the Indian Marine Service Act 1884 (47 & 48 Vict. c. 3)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> to help formulate maritime and naval laws. These laws were first formulated and codified in the "Indian Marine Act, 1887<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>" and followed by an amendment act to the same in the next year.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The former adopted the general lines of the Naval Discipline and Indian Navy Acts as far as possible, whilst the latter merely supplied deficiencies in regard to grading and rating.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
In recognition of its fighting services, HMIM was given the title of "Royal Indian Marine" in 1892. By this time it consisted of over fifty vessels.<ref>Genesis at indiannavy.nic.in Template:Webarchive</ref> In 1905, the service was described as having "Government vessels engaged in troop-ship, surveying, police or revenue duties in the East Indies".<ref>Archibald Greig Cowie, The sea services of the empire as fields for employment (1905), p. 246</ref>
When mines were detected off the coasts of Bombay and Aden, during the First World War, the Royal Indian Marine went into action with a fleet of minesweepers, patrol vessels and troop carriers. Besides patrolling, the Marine ferried troops and carried war stores from India to Mesopotamia (now Iraq), Egypt and East Africa.
The first Indian to be granted a commission was Engineer Sub-Lieutenant D.N. Mukherji, who joined the Royal Indian Marine as an officer on 6 January 1923.<ref>D. J. E. Collins, The Royal Indian Navy, 1939-45, vol. 1 (Bombay, 1964), p. 8</ref>
World War IIEdit
In 1934, the Royal Indian Marine changed its name, with the enactment of the Indian Navy (Discipline) Act 1934. The Royal Indian Navy was formally inaugurated on 2 October 1934, at Bombay.<ref name=bhatia28>Bhatia (1977), p. 28</ref> Its ships carried the prefix HMIS, for His Majesty's Indian Ship.<ref name=collins>D. J. E. Collins, The Royal Indian Navy, 1939-45, vol. 1 (Bombay, 1964)</ref>
At the start of the Second World War, the Royal Indian Navy was small, with only eight warships. The onset of the war led to an expansion in vessels and personnel described by one writer as "phenomenal". By 1943 the strength of the RIN had reached twenty thousand.<ref name=amollo144/> During the war, the Women's Royal Indian Naval Service was established, for the first time giving women a role in the navy, although they did not serve on board its ships.<ref name=bhatia28/>
During the course of the war, six anti-aircraft sloops and several fleet minesweepers were built in the United Kingdom for the RIN. After commissioning, many of these ships joined various escort groups operating in the northern approaches to the British Isles. Template:HMIS and Template:HMIS, each armed with six high-angle 4-inch guns, were present during the Clyde "Blitz" of 1941 and assisted the defence of this area by providing anti-aircraft cover. For the next six months these two ships joined the Clyde Escort Force, operating in the Atlantic and later the Irish Sea Escort Force where they acted as the senior ships of the groups. While engaged on these duties, numerous attacks against U-boats were carried out and attacks by hostile aircraft repelled. At the time of action in which the Template:Ship was involved, the Sutlej left Scapa Flow, with all despatch as the senior member of a group, to take over a convoy from the destroyers which were finally engaged in the sinking of the Bismarck.<ref name=Collins248>The Royal Indian Navy, 1939–1945 - Collins, p248</ref>
Later Template:HMIS, Template:HMIS, Template:HMIS, Template:HMIS, also anti-aircraft sloops, completed similar periods in the U.K. waters escorting convoys in the Atlantic and dealing with attacks from hostile U-boats, aircraft and glider bombs. These six ships and the minesweepers all eventually proceeded to India carrying out various duties in the North Atlantic, Mediterranean and Cape stations en route. The fleet minesweepers were Template:HMIS, Template:HMIS, Template:HMIS, Template:HMIS, Template:HMIS, Template:HMIS, Template:HMIS, Template:HMIS, Template:HMIS.<ref name=Collins248/>
Four Australian-built Bathurst-class sloops served with the RIN from 1943 onwards. These included Template:HMIS, which was a part of the Eastern Fleet during World War II, and escorted numerous convoys between 1942 and 1945.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The sloops Template:Ship and Template:HMIS played a role in Operation Husky, the Allied invasion of Sicily by providing air defence and anti-submarine screening to the invasion fleet.<ref>Inmed Template:Webarchive</ref><ref name=Collins252>The Royal Indian Navy, 1939–1945 - Collins, p252</ref>
Furthermore, the Royal Indian Navy participated in convoy escort duties in the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean and was heavily involved in combat operations as part of the Burma Campaign, carrying out raids, shore bombardment, naval invasion support and other activities.<ref name=Collins255>The Royal Indian Navy, 1939–1945 - Collins, p255 - p316</ref>
Edit
The sloop HMIS Pathan was sunk in June 1940 by the Italian Navy Submarine Galvani during the East African Campaign<ref name=r&h23>Rohwer & Hummelchen, p.23</ref><ref name="rin3945">Template:Cite book</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In the days immediately following the Attack on Pearl Harbor, Template:HMS was patrolling the Laccadive Islands in search of Japanese ships and submarines. At midnight on 9 December 1941, HMS Glasgow sank the RIN patrol vessel Template:HMIS with two lighters in tow en route to Karachi, with 6-inch shells at Template:Convert. Prabhavati was alongside the lighters and was mistaken for a surfaced Japanese submarine.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=Collins96>The Royal Indian Navy, 1939–1945 - Collins, p96</ref><ref name="maccart153">Neil MacCart, Town Class Cruisers, Maritime Books, 2012, Template:ISBN, p. 153</ref>
Template:HMIS was sunk by a Japanese aircraft during the Burma Campaign on 6 April 1942.<ref name=Collins>Template:Cite book</ref>
Edit
Template:HMIS was ordered in 1939, and built by William Denny and Brothers. She was commissioned in 1941,<ref name=ub>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and with World War II underway, was immediately deployed as a convoy escort. Jumna served as an anti-aircraft escort during the Java Sea campaign in early 1942, and was involved in intensive anti-aircraft action against attacking Japanese twin-engined level bombers and dive bombers, claiming five aircraft downed from 24 to 28 February 1942.
In June 1942, Template:HMIS was involved in the defence of Sydney Harbour during the attack on Sydney Harbour.
On 11 November 1942, Bengal was escorting the Dutch tanker Template:MV<ref name=Visser>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> to the southwest of Cocos Islands in the Indian Ocean. Two Japanese commerce raiders armed with six-inch guns attacked Ondina. Bengal fired her single four-inch gun and Ondina fired her 102 mm and both scored hits on Template:Ship, which shortly blew up and sank.<ref name=Visser/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
On 12 February 1944, the Template:Jsub was depth charged and sunk east-south-east off Visakhapatnam, India by the Indian sloop Template:HMIS and the Australian corvettes Template:HMAS and Template:HMAS. Ro-110 had attacked convoy JC-36 (Colombo-Calcutta) and torpedoed and damaged the British merchant Asphalion (6,274 GRT).<ref name=ub/><ref>The Royal Indian Navy, 1939–1945 - Collins, p309</ref>
On 12 August 1944, the Template:GS was sunk near the Seychelles, in position 03º35'S, 52º49'E, by depth charges from Template:HMIS and the British frigate HMS Findhorn.<ref name=uboat>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=Collins/>
Mutiny of 1946Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} In February 1946, Indian sailors launched the Royal Indian Navy Mutiny on board more than fifty ships and in shore establishments, protesting about issues such as the slow rate of demobilization and discrimination in the Navy.<ref>Christopher M. Bell, Bruce A. Elleman, Naval mutinies of the twentieth century: an international perspective (2003), p. 6: "The first navy to experience a major mutiny after the Second World War was the Royal Indian Navy. For five days in February 1946, Indian sailors rose up against their predominantly British officer corps: approximately 56 ships..."</ref> The mutiny found widespread support and spread all over India, including elements in the Army and the Air Force. A total of seventy-eight ships, twenty shore establishments and 20,000 sailors were involved in this mutiny.
Transition to Independence and PartitionEdit
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On 1 March 1947, the designation of "Flag Officer Commanding, Royal Indian Navy" was replaced with that of "Commander-in-Chief, Royal Indian Navy."<ref name="RIN_designation"/> On 21 July 1947, H.M.S. Choudhry and Bhaskar Sadashiv Soman, both of whom later commanded the Pakistani and Indian Navies, respectively, became the first Indian RIN officers to attain the acting rank of captain.<ref name="higher_rank">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Following India's independence in 1947 and the ensuing partition, the Royal Indian Navy was divided between the newly independent Dominion of India and the Dominion of Pakistan, and the Armed Forces Reconstitution Committee divided the ships and men of the Royal Indian Navy between India and Pakistan. The division of the ships was on the basis of two-thirds of the fleet to India, one third to Pakistan.<ref>Bhatia (1977), p. 28: "Consequent on the partition of the country on 15 August 1947, two thirds of the undivided fleet and associated assets came to India."</ref>
The committee allocated to the Royal Pakistan Navy (RPN) three of the seven active sloops, Template:Ship, Template:Ship and Template:Ship, four of the ten serviceable minesweepers, two frigates, two naval trawlers, four harbour launches and a number of Harbour Defence Motor Launches. 358 personnel, and 180 officers, most of whom were Muslims or Europeans, volunteered to transfer to the RPN. India retained the remainder of the RIN's assets and personnel, and many British officers opted to continue serving in the RIN.<ref name=bhatia28/> As only nine of the Navy's 620 Indian commissioned officers in 1947 had more than 10 years' service, with the majority of them only having served from five to eight years, British officers seconded from the Royal Navy continued to hold senior RIN shore appointments after Independence, though all naval vessels had Indian commanders by the year's end.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Dominion of IndiaEdit
In May 1948, Ajitendu Chakraverti became the first Indian commodore in the post-independence RIN, in the appointment of Chief of Staff Naval HQ.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On 21 June 1948, the additional designation of "Chief of the Naval Staff" was added before that of "Commander-in-Chief, Royal Indian Navy."<ref name="communique">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In January 1949, the first batch of 13 Indian officers began their flight training, initiating the process which would lead to the formation of the Indian Naval Air Arm.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
On 26 January 1950, when India adopted its current constitution and became a republic, the Royal Indian Navy became the Indian Navy. Its vessels were redesignated as "Indian Naval Ships", and the "HMIS" ship prefix for existing vessels was changed to 'INS'.<ref>Indian and Foreign Review, vol 3 (Indian Ministry of Information and Broadcasting Publications Division, 1965), p. 65: "The residual part which continued as the Royal Indian Navy had to face many problems, specially regarding personnel. On India becoming a republic on January 26, 1950, the Navy dropped the word "Royal" in its name and became the Indian Navy."</ref> At 9:00 that morning, the White Ensign of the Royal Navy was struck and replaced with the Indian Naval Ensign, with the Flag of India in its canton, symbolically completing the transition to the new Indian Navy.<ref name="ensign">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Commanding officersEdit
| Template:Abbr | Portrait | Name Template:Small |
Term of office | Template:Abbr | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
| Commodore, Bombay Marine (1738-1739) | |||||||
| 1 | Commodore Bagwell | 1738 | 1739 | 1 year | <ref name="Sridharan">Template:Cite book</ref> | ||
| Superintendent, Bombay Marine (1739-1830) | |||||||
| 1 | Charles Rigby Esq. Template:Small |
1739 | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||||
| 2 | File:Sir William James.jpg | Commodore Sir William James, 1st Baronet | 1751 | 1754 | 3 years | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | |
| 3 | Captain Samuel Hough | 1754 | 1772 | 18 years | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| 4 | Commodore John Watson | 1772 | 1774 | 2 years | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| 5 | Captain Simon Matham | 1774 | 1776 | 2 years | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| 6 | Commodore George Emptage | 1781 | 1785 | 4 years | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| 7 | Captain Philip Dundas | 1792 | 1801 | 9 years | <ref>Day, John Frederick. (April 2012) ' British Admiralty Control and Naval Power in the Indian Ocean (1793-1815) (Volume 1 of 2)'. Submitted as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Maritime History, University of Exeter. p. 429.</ref> | ||
| 8 | File:William Taylor Money.jpg | Captain Sir William Taylor Money | 1801 | 1810 | 9 years | <ref>Day. p. 429.</ref> | |
| 9 | Captain Henry Meriton | 1813 | 1825 | 12 years | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | |
| 10 | Captain Thomas Buchanan | 1825 | 1827 | 2 years | <ref name="Sridharan"/><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> | ||
| 11 | File:Charles Malcolm.Jpeg | Captain Sir Charles Malcolm Template:Post-nominals | 1827 | 1830 | 3 years | <ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="Sridharan"/><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> | |
| Superintendent, Indian Navy (1830-1844) | |||||||
| 1 | File:Charles Malcolm.Jpeg | Captain Sir Charles Malcolm Template:Post-nominals | April 1830 | 10 January 1837 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | |
| 2 | Rear-Admiral Sir Charles Malcolm Template:Post-nominals | 10 January 1837 | July 1838 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| 3 | Captain Sir Robert Oliver | July 1838 | October 1844 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| Officiating Superintendent, Indian Navy (1844-1845) | |||||||
| 1 | Captain John Pepper | October 1844 | April 1845 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| 2 | Acting Captain Henry Blosse Lynch | April 1845 | December 1845 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| Superintendent, Indian Navy (1845-1848) | |||||||
| 1 | Captain Sir Robert Oliver | December 1845 | April 1848 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| Commander-in-Chief, Indian Navy (1848) | |||||||
| 1 | Commodore Sir Robert Oliver | April 1848 | 6 August 1848 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| Officiating Superintendent, Indian Navy (1848-1849) | |||||||
| 1 | Captain Henry Blosse Lynch | 6 August 1848 | 30 August 1848 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| Superintendent, Indian Navy (1848-1849) | |||||||
| 1 | Captain John Croft Hawkins | 31 August 1848 | 26 January 1849 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| Superintendent & Commander-in-Chief, Indian Navy (1849–62) | |||||||
| 1 | Commodore Stephen Lushington | 26 January 1849 | March 1852 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| 2 | Commodore Henry John Leeke | March 1852 | 15 April 1854 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| 3 | Rear-Admiral Henry John Leeke | 15 April 1854 | July 1857 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| 4 | File:Gwellesley.jpg | Commodore George Greville Wellesley | July 1857 | July 1862 | 5 years | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | |
| Superintendent, Indian Navy (1862-1863)) | |||||||
| 1 | Commodore John James Frushard | July 1862 | April 1863 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| Superintendent, Bombay Marine (1863-1874)) | |||||||
| 1 | Captain John Wellington Young Template:Post-nominals | April 1863 | April 1868 | 5 years | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| 2 | Captain G. F. Robinson | April 1868 | September 1874 | 6 years | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| Naval Adviser to Government of India (1874-1880) | |||||||
| 1 | File:John Bythesea VC RN.jpg | Captain John Bythesea | 5 August 1877 | November 1880 | 3 years | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | |
| 2 | Rear-Admiral John Bythesea | 1874 | 5 August 1877 | 3 years | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| Director, Her Majesty's Indian Marine (1882–83) | |||||||
| 1 | Captain Harry Woodfall Brent | 1883 | 1883 | 1 year | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| Director of H.M.'s Indian Marine (1883–1892) | |||||||
| 1 | Captain John Hext | 1883 | 1892 | 9 years | <ref name="Sridharan" /> | ||
| Director of the Royal Indian Marine (1892–1928)Template:Refn | |||||||
| 1 | Rear-Admiral Sir John Hext Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
1892 | February 1898 | 6 years | |||
| 2 | Captain Walter Somerville Goodridge Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
5 March 1898 | 5 March 1904 | Template:Ayd | citation | CitationClass=web
}}Template:Dead link</ref> | |
| 3 | Captain George Hayley Hewett Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
5 March 1904 | 17 March 1909 | Template:Ayd | <ref>Template:Cite book</ref> | ||
| 4 | File:Walter Richard Sickert - Portrait of Rear Admiral Walter Lumsden, C.I.E., C.V.O. - 64.73 - Minneapolis Institute of Arts.jpg | Commodore Walter Lumsden Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
17 March 1909 | 12 June 1917 | Template:Ayd | <ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name=":0">Template:Cite book</ref> <ref>Who's Who, 1948, pp 1703-1704</ref><ref name=":1">Template:Cite book</ref> | |
| 5 | Captain Neville Frederick Jarvis Wilson Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
12 June 1917 | 27 August 1920 | Template:Ayd | <ref name=":0" /><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> <ref name=":1" /> | ||
| 6 | Rear-Admiral Henry Lancelot Mawbey Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
28 August 1920 | 3 August 1922 | Template:Ayd | <ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>The London Gazette, 23 June 1922</ref> <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |
CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | |
| 7 | File:Capt. Sir. Edward James Headlam.jpg | Captain Sir Edward James Headlam Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
3 August 1922 | 4 October 1928 | Template:Ayd | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref><ref name="rim">Template:Cite news</ref> |
| Flag Officer Commanding and Director, Royal Indian Marine (1928–1934) | |||||||
| 1 | File:Humphrey T. Walwyn.jpg | Vice-Admiral Sir Humphrey T. Walwyn Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
5 October 1928 | 2 October 1934 | Template:Ayd | <ref name="rim"/> | |
| Flag Officer Commanding, Royal Indian Navy (1934–1947) | |||||||
| 1 | File:Humphrey T. Walwyn.jpg | Vice-Admiral Sir Humphrey T. Walwyn Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
2 October 1934 | 16 November 1934 | Template:Ayd | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref><ref name="command_in">Template:Cite news</ref> |
| 2 | File:Arthur Bedford, 1915.jpeg | Vice-Admiral Arthur Bedford Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
16 November 1934 | 23 November 1937 | Template:Ayd | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref><ref name="FoC_RIN"/> |
| 3 | File:Vice Admiral Herbert Fitzherbert 01.jpg | Vice-Admiral Sir Herbert Fitzherbert Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
23 November 1937 | 19 March 1943 | Template:Ayd | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref><ref name="FoC_RIN">Template:Cite news</ref> |
| 4 | File:Vice Admiral Godfrey WWII IWM A 20777.jpg | Admiral John Henry Godfrey Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
19 March 1943 | 15 March 1946 | Template:Ayd | <ref name=ibiblio/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | |
| 5 | Vice-Admiral Sir Geoffrey Audley Miles Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
15 March 1946 | 1 March 1947 | Template:Ayd | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | |
| Commander-in-Chief, Royal Indian Navy (1947–1948) | |||||||
| 1 | Vice-Admiral Sir Geoffrey Audley Miles Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
1 March 1947 | 14 August 1947 | Template:Ayd | <ref name=unithistories/><ref name="RIN_designation"/> | ||
| 2 | File:John Talbot Savignac Hall.jpg | Rear Admiral John Talbot Savignac Hall Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
15 August 1947 | 20 June 1948 | Template:Ayd | <ref name=unithistories/><ref name="RIN_designation"/> | |
| Chief of the Naval Staff and Commander-in-Chief, Royal Indian Navy (1948–1950) | |||||||
| 1 | File:John Talbot Savignac Hall.jpg | Rear Admiral John Talbot Savignac Hall Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
21 June 1948 | 14 August 1948 | Template:Ayd | <ref name=unithistories/><ref name="communique"/> | |
| 2 | Vice Admiral Sir William Edward Parry Template:Post-nominals Template:Small |
14 August 1948 | 25 January 1950 | Template:Ayd | |||
Partition of ships, 1947Edit
| Vessel types | India | Pakistan |
|---|---|---|
| Frigates |
|
|
| Sloops | ||
| Corvettes | ||
| Minesweepers | ||
| Survey Vessels |
|
|
| Trawlers |
|
|
| Motor Minesweepers (MMS) |
|
|
| Motor Launches (ML) |
|
|
| Harbour Defence Motor Launches (HDML) |
|
|
| Tankers | ||
| Miscellaneous | All existing landing craft |
See alsoEdit
- List of ships of the Royal Indian Navy
- List of ships of the Indian Navy
- Royal Indian Navy mutiny
- Indo-Pakistani relations
- History of the Indian Navy
- British Indian Army
- Royal Indian Air Force
NotesEdit
ReferencesEdit
Further readingEdit
- Harbans Singh Bhatia, Military History of British India, 1607–1947 (1977)
- Collins, D.J.E. The Royal Indian Navy (1964 online official history