SAMPA chart

Template:More citations needed Template:No footnotes Template:IPA notice The following show the typical symbols for consonants and vowels used in SAMPA, an ASCII-based system based on the International Phonetic Alphabet. SAMPA is not a universal system as it varies from language to language.

Consonants

		Bilabial	Labio- dental	Dental	Alveolar	Post- alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Pharyngeal	Glottal
Nasal		m	F		n		J	N
Stop Template:Small		p b		t d ts dz		tS dZ	c J\	k g	q G\		?
Fricative		p\ B	f v	T D	s z	S Z	C j\Template:Efn	x G	X R	X\ ?\	h h\
Approximant	Template:Small		P		r\Template:Efn		jTemplate:Efn H	w
	Template:Small				l		L	5
Rhotic					4Template:Efn rTemplate:Efn				R\

Consonant modifiers

SAMPA	IPA	Description
`		retroflex consonant (e.g. d` = Template:IPAslink)
_a	main}}	apical consonant
_d	main}}	dental consonant
_G	main}}	velarized consonant
_h	main}}	aspirated consonant
_j, '	main}}	palatalized consonant
_m	main}}	laminal consonant
_w	main}}	labialized consonant
_<		implosive consonant (e.g. b_< = Template:IPAslink)
_>	main}}	ejective consonant
_=, =	main}}	syllabic consonant

Simplified list of consonants

SAMPA	IPA	Description	Examples
p	Template:IPAlink	voiceless bilabial plosive	English pen, Croatian pas ('dog')
b	Template:IPAlink	voiced bilabial plosive	English but, Polish brat ('brother')
t	Template:IPAlink	voiceless alveolar plosive	English two, Spanish tomar ('capture')
d	Template:IPAlink	voiced alveolar plosive	English do, Polish dom ('house')
ts	Template:IPAlink	voiceless alveolar affricate	Italian calza ('sock'), German Zeit ('time')
dz	Template:IPAlink	voiced alveolar affricate	Italian zona ('zone'), Canadian French dur ('hard')
tS	Template:IPAlink	voiceless postalveolar affricate	English chair, Spanish mucho ('many')
dZ	Template:IPAlink	voiced postalveolar affricate	English gin, Italian giorno ('day')
c	Template:IPAlink	voiceless palatal plosive	Hungarian tyúk ('hen'), Dutch schatje ('darling')
J\	Template:IPAlink	voiced palatal plosive	Hungarian egy ('one'), Czech dítě ('child')
k	Template:IPAlink	voiceless velar plosive	English skill, Spanish casa ('house')
g	Template:IPAlink	voiced velar plosive	English go, Hungarian gép ('machine')
q	Template:IPAlink	voiceless uvular plosive	Arabic qof, Somali qaab
p\	Template:IPAlink	voiceless bilabial fricative	Japanese fu, Ainu fuchi
B	Template:IPAlink	voiced bilabial fricative	Catalan roba 'clothes', Spanish huevo 'egg'
f	Template:IPAlink	voiceless labiodental fricative	English fool, Spanish fama ('fame')
v	Template:IPAlink	voiced labiodental fricative	English voice, German Welt 'world'
T	Template:IPAlink	voiceless dental fricative	English thing, Castilian Spanish caza 'hunt'
D	Template:IPAlink	voiced dental fricative	English this, Icelandic fræði 'science'
s	Template:IPAlink	voiceless alveolar fricative	English see, Spanish sí ('yes')
z	Template:IPAlink	voiced alveolar fricative	English zoo, German sein 'to be'
S	Template:IPAlink	voiceless postalveolar fricative	English she, French chou 'cabbage'
Z	Template:IPAlink	voiced postalveolar fricative	French jour 'day', English pleasure
C	Template:IPAlink	voiceless palatal fricative	Standard German ich 'I', Icelandic hjá 'next to'
j\ (jj)	Template:IPAlink	voiced palatal fricative	Standard Spanish ayuda
x	Template:IPAlink	voiceless velar fricative	Scots loch, Spanish ajo
G	Template:IPAlink	voiced velar fricative	Greek γάλα ('milk'), Icelandic saga ('story')
	Template:IPAlink	velar approximant	Spanish algo
X\	Template:IPAlink	voiceless pharyngeal fricative	Arabic h.â
?\	Template:IPAlink	voiced pharyngeal fricative	Arabic 'ayn
h	Template:IPAlink	voiceless glottal fricative	English ham, German Hand
h\	Template:IPAlink	voiced glottal fricative	Hungarian lehet 'it can be'
m	Template:IPAlink	bilabial nasal	English man, French main 'hand'
F	Template:IPAlink	labiodental nasal	Spanish infierno, Hungarian kámfor
n	Template:IPAlink	alveolar nasal	English, Spanish and Italian no
J	Template:IPAlink	palatal nasal	Spanish año, French oignon, Hungarian lány
N	Template:IPAlink	velar nasal	English ring, Tagalog ngayón
l	Template:IPAlink	alveolar lateral approximant	English left, Spanish largo
L	Template:IPAlink	palatal lateral approximant	Italian aglio, Catalan colla
5	Template:IPAlink	velarized dental lateral	English meal Catalan alga
4 (r)	Template:IPAlink	alveolar tap	Spanish pero, Italian essere
r (rr)	Template:IPAlink	alveolar trill	Spanish perro, Italian terra
r\	Template:IPAlink	alveolar approximant	English run
R	Template:IPAlink	uvular trill	Standard German Reich
P	Template:IPAlink	labiodental approximant	Dutch Waar, Finnish vesi
w	Template:IPAlink	labial-velar approximant	English we, French oui
H	Template:IPAlink	labial-palatal approximant	French nuit
j	Template:IPAlink	palatal approximant	English yes, Polish już

Vowels

Vowels
	front	central	back
close	i • y	1 • }	M • u
near-close	I • Y		• U
close-mid	e • 2	@\ • 8	7 • o
mid		@
open-mid	E • 9	3 • 3\	V • O
near-open	{ •	6
open	a • &		A • Q

Vowel modifiers

SAMPA	IPA	Description	Examples
~, _~	main}}	nasalized vowel	French bon [bO~], Portuguese sim [si~]
:	main}}	long vowel	English see [si:] )
`Template:Efn	main}}	r-colored vowel	US English bird [b3`d]
_^	main}}	non-syllabic vowel
"	main}}	primary stress
%	main}}	secondary stress

Simplified list of vowels

SAMPA	IPA	Description	Examples
i	Template:IPAlink	close front unrounded vowel	English see, Spanish sí, French vie, German wie, Italian visto
I	Template:IPAlink	near-close front unrounded vowel	English city, German mit, Canadian French vite
e	Template:IPAlink	close-mid front unrounded vowel	US English bear, Spanish él, French année, German mehr, Italian rete, Catalan més
E	Template:IPAlink	open-mid front unrounded vowel	English bed, French même, German Männer, Italian ferro, Catalan mes, Spanish perro
{	Template:IPAlink	near-open front unrounded vowel	English cat, Finnish mäki
y	Template:IPAlink	close front rounded vowel	French du, German Tür, Finnish hyvä
Y	Template:IPAlink	near-close front rounded vowel	German hübsch, Swedish ylle
2	Template:IPAlink	close-mid front rounded vowel	French deux (hence '2'), German Höhle, Danish købe
9	Template:IPAlink	open-mid front rounded vowel	French neuf (hence '9'), German Hölle
1	Template:IPAlink	close central unrounded vowel	Polish mysz
@	Template:IPAlink	mid central vowel	English about, German bitte, Swedish beredd
6	Template:IPAlink	near-open central unrounded vowel	German besser, Catalan mare
3	Template:IPAlink	open-mid central unrounded vowel	English bird
a	main}}	open front unrounded vowel/ open central unrounded vowel	Spanish barra, French bateau, German Haar, Italian pazzo
}	Template:IPAlink	close central rounded vowel	Scottish English pool, Swedish sju
8	Template:IPAlink	close-mid central rounded vowel	Swedish kust
&	Template:IPAlink	open front rounded vowel	Swedish öra
M	Template:IPAlink	close back unrounded vowel	Japanese fuji, Korean geu
7	Template:IPAlink	close-mid back unrounded vowel	Korean eoreum, Estonian kõrv
V	Template:IPAlink	open-mid back unrounded vowel	RP and US English run, enough
A	Template:IPAlink	open back unrounded vowel	English arm, US English law, Canadian French âme, Finnish alku
u	Template:IPAlink	close back rounded vowel	English soon, Spanish tú, French goût, German Hut, Italian tutto
U	Template:IPAlink	near-close back rounded vowel	English put, (non-US)Buddhist, German Mutter
o	Template:IPAlink	close-mid back rounded vowel	US English sore, Scottish English boat, Spanish yo, French beau, German Sohle, Italian dove, Catalan ona
O	Template:IPAlink	open-mid back rounded vowel	British English law, caught, Italian cosa, Catalan dona, Spanish ojo, German Wort
Q	Template:IPAlink	open back rounded vowel	British English not, cough, Hungarian kar

See also

• SAMPA chart for English
• X-SAMPA

References

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