Samad Behrangi

Template:Short description Template:Infobox person Samad Behrangi (Template:Langx; June 24, 1939 – August 31, 1968)<ref name=":2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> was a Marxist-Leninist<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Iranian teacher, social activist and critic, folklorist, translator, and short story writer of Iranian Azerbaijani descent.<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He is famous for his children's books, particularly The Little Black Fish.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Influenced by predominantly leftist and communist ideologies that were common among the intelligentsia of his era‌, which made him popular among the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (an Iranian communist organization), his books typically portrayed the lives of the children of the urban poor and encouraged the individual to change his/her circumstances by her own initiatives.

Early lifeEdit

He was born on June 24, 1939, in the neighborhood of Charandab in the city of Tabriz, Imperial State of Iran.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name=":1">Template:Cite journal</ref> He was from a working-class family, his parents were Sara and Ezzat, and he had two brothers and three sisters. His father was a seasonal worker and his income was never sufficient. His father eventually left Iran like millions of other workers on the move for better life conditions for the Caucasus and never returned.

He finished elementary school and three years of secondary school in Tabriz, before enrolling in a rural teacher training school.<ref name=":1" /> He spent two years at the Daneshsarayea-Keshavarzi and finished the program in 1957;<ref name=":1" /> thus, only receiving few years of education. At the age of 18, he became a teacher, and continued to be so for the rest of his life, in the East Azerbaijan Province of Iran.

CareerEdit

In the next eleven years, while teaching Persian in rural schools of Iranian Azerbaijan, he attained a B.A. degree in English from Tabriz University.<ref name=":0" /> He started publishing stories in 1960, his first being Adat (English: Habit). He carried on writing stories, along translating from English and Azerbaijani to Farsi, and vice versa. Later, he was dismissed from his high school teaching position, due to a claim that he was impolite, and assigned to an elementary school. Then, as his cultural works increased, he was accused and persecuted, and suspended from teaching. After a while his sentence was called off and he returned to schools. Later, he attended student protests.<ref>A Brief Note on Samad Behrangi's Life by Iraj Bashiri</ref>

PublicationsEdit

Apart from children's stories, he wrote many pedagogical essays and collected and published several samples of oral Azerbaijani literature.<ref name=":1" /> His folklore studies have usually been done with the help of his colleague Behrooz Dehghani, who helped publish some of Behrangi's works after his early death. Behrangi also has a few Azerbaijani language translations of Persian poems by Ahmad Shamlou, Forough Farrokhzad, and Mehdi Akhavan-Sales.

List of publicationsEdit

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The Complete Stories of Behrang, publishers, Persian Culture & Art Institute, Vancouver and Zagros Publications, Montreal, Canada

DeathEdit

File:آرامگاه صمد بهرنگی.png

Behrangi's tomb

Behrangi drowned on August 31, 1968, in the Aras river and his death was blamed on the Pahlavi government.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":2" /> It is believed that an army officer, Hamzeh Farahati, was seen with him when he drowned. Farahati in his book<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and in an interview with VOA<ref>Archived at Ghostarchive Template:Cbignore and the Wayback Machine Template:Cbignore: {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}Template:Cbignore(video)</ref> has unequivocally denied the claims he and SAVAK murdered him. Ironically in his seminal work the Little Black Fish, the fishes drown a snail for not knowing his place.

He was buried in the Imamieh cemetery (or Emamiyyeh cemetery; Farsi:قبرستان امامیه) in the Imamieh neighborhood of Tabriz.

ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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