Shenzhen Metro
Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox public transit
The Shenzhen Metro (Template:Lang-zh) is the rapid transit system for the city of Shenzhen in Guangdong province, China. The newest lines and extensions which opened on December 27, 2024 put the network at Template:Convert<ref name="2024length">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Efn of trackage. It currently operates on 17 lines with 398 stations.<ref name="numstations">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Despite having only opened on December 28, 2004, the Shenzhen Metro is the 5th longest metro system in the world. By 2035, the network is planned to comprise 8 express and 24 non-express lines totaling Template:Convert of trackage.
Current systemEdit
Currently the network has Template:Convert of route, operating on 17 lines with 398 stations. Line 1, Line 4 and Line 10 run to the border crossings between the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region at Luohu/Lo Wu and Futian Checkpoint/Lok Ma Chau, where riders can transfer to Hong Kong's MTR East Rail line for travel onwards to Hong Kong.
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Line 1Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 1, formerly known as Luobao line, runs westward from Luohu to Airport East. Trains operate every 2 minutes during peak hours and every 4 minutes at other times. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 1's color is green.
- December 28, 2004: Luohu – Window of the World
- September 28, 2009: Window of the World – Shenzhen University
- June 15, 2011: Shenzhen University – Airport East<ref>Shenzhen Metro Line 1, from Luohu to Airport East was put into a trial operation</ref>
Line 2Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 2, formerly known as Shekou line, runs from Chiwan to Liantang. Line 2 is connected with Line 8 at Liantang station. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 2's color is dark orange, the same as Line 8.
- December 28, 2010: Chiwan – Window of the World<ref>photo of ongoing construction in Shekou Template:Webarchive</ref>
- June 28, 2011: Window of the World – Xinxiu
- October 28, 2020: Xinxiu – Liantang
Line 3Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 3, formerly known as Longgang line, runs from Futian Bonded Area to Pingdi Liulian in Longgang, in the north-east part of the city. Construction began on December 26, 2005.<ref>(Chinese) Wang, Xiaoqing (王晓晴) and Qiu, Gang (邱刚), "深圳地铁3号线动工 2009年建成通车" southcn.com December 27, 2005</ref> The line is operated by Shenzhen Metro Line 3 Operations, which has been a subsidiary of SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group) since April 11, 2011, when an 80% stake was transferred to SZMC. Line 3's color is sky blue.
- December 28, 2010: Caopu – Shuanglong
- June 28, 2011: Yitian – Caopu<ref>(Chinese) 深圳地铁3号线规划线路图 August 21, 2008</ref>
- October 28, 2020: Futian Bonded Area – Yitian
- December 28, 2024: Template:Stl – Template:Stl
Line 4Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 4, formerly known as Longhua line, runs northward from Futian Checkpoint to Niuhu. Trains operate every 2.5 minutes at peak hours and every 6 minutes during off-peak hours. Stations from Futian Checkpoint to Shangmeilin Station are underground. The line has been operated by MTR Corporation (Shenzhen), a subsidiary of MTR Corporation, since July 1, 2010. Line 4's color is red.
- December 28, 2004: Fumin – Children's Palace
- June 28, 2007: Futian Checkpoint – Fumin
- June 16, 2011: Children's Palace – Qinghu
- October 28, 2020: Qinghu – Niuhu
Line 5Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 5, formerly known as Huanzhong line, runs from Chiwan in the west to Huangbeiling in the east. Construction began in May 2009 and the line opened on June 22, 2011.<ref>(Chinese) Wang, Xiaoqing (王晓晴) "深圳地铁5号线全面开工" Xinhua September 19, 2008</ref> Line 5 required a total investment of 20.6 billion RMB. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 5's color is purple.
- June 22, 2011: Qianhaiwan – Huangbeiling
- September 28, 2019: Qianhaiwan – Chiwan
Line 6Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 6, formerly known as Guangming line, runs from Songgang in the north to Science Museum in the south, with a length of Template:Convert and a total of 27 stations. Construction began in August 2015 and the line opened on August 18, 2020. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 6's color is mint green.
- August 18, 2020: Science Museum – Songgang
Line 6 BranchEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 6 Branch, also known as Branch Line 6, runs from Guangming to SIAT in the north. The line opened on November 28, 2022. Line 6 Branch's color is teal.
Line 7Edit
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{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 7, formerly known as Xili line of the Shenzhen Metro, opened on October 28, 2016, with a length of Template:Convert<ref name="sz201610">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and a total of 29 stations. It connects SZU Lihu Campus at Shenzhen University to Tai'an. The line travels East–West across Shenzhen in a "V" shape. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 7's color is navy blue.
- October 28, 2016: Xili Lake – Tai'an
- December 28, 2024: Template:Stl – Template:Stl
Line 8Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 8, formerly known as Yantian line of the Shenzhen Metro, opened on October 28, 2020, with a length of Template:Convert<ref name="sz201610" /> and a total of 11 stations. It connects the eastern suburbs of Liantang to Yantian Road, then towards the beach resorts at Dameisha and Xiaomeisha. However, this line serves as the extension of Line 2 in actual operation. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 8's color is dark orange, the same as Line 2.
- October 28, 2020: Liantang – Yantian Road
- December 27, 2023: Yantian Road – Xiaomeisha
Line 9Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 9, formerly known as Meilin line or Neihuan line of the Shenzhen Metro, opened on October 28, 2016. The line runs eastward from Template:Stl to Template:Stl. It has 10 transfer stations. The line is Template:Convert long, running through the districts of Nanshan, Futian and Luohu. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 9's color is grey brown.
- October 28, 2016: Template:Stl – Template:Stl
- December 8, 2019: Template:Stl – Template:Stl
Line 10Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 10 formerly known as Bantian line, runs from Futian Checkpoint in the south to Shuangyong Street in the north, with a length of Template:Convert and a total of 24 stations. Construction began in September 2015 and the line opened on August 18, 2020. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 10's color is pink.
- August 18, 2020: Futian Checkpoint – Shuangyong Street
Line 11Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 11, also known as the Airport Express, runs from Bitou in the northwest to Template:Stl in the city centre via Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport. Construction began in April 2012 and the line opened on June 28, 2016. Line 11 runs at a higher speed of Template:Cvt, however, the current line speed is limited to Template:Cvt. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 11's color is maroon.
- June 28, 2016: Bitou – Futian
- October 28, 2022: Futian – Gangxia North
- December 28, 2024: Gangxia North – Huaqiang South
Line 12Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 12, also known as Nanbao Line, runs from Template:Stl in the southwest to Template:Stl in the northwest. Construction began in 2018 and the line opened on November 28, 2022. Line 12's color is light purple.
- November 28, 2022: Zuopaotai East – Waterlands Resort East
- December 28, 2024: Template:Stl – Template:Stl
Line 13Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 13, also known as Shiyan Line, runs from Shenzhen Bay Checkpoint at the Shenzhen Bay Port in Nanshan to Shangwu in northeast Bao'an. Construction began in 2018 and the first phase of the line between Shenzhen Bay Checkpoint and Hi-Tech Central opened on December 28, 2024. Line 13's color is light orange.
- December 28, 2024: Template:Stl – Template:Stl
Line 14Edit
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{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 14, also known as the Eastern Express, runs from Gangxia North in the city centre to Shatian in the northeast. Construction began in 2018 and the line opened on October 28, 2022. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 14's color is yellow.
- October 28, 2022: Gangxia North – Shatian
Line 16Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 16, also known as Longping Line, runs from Universiade in the centre of Longgang to Tianxin in the northeast. Construction began in 2018 and the line opened on December 28, 2022. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 16's color is dark blue.
- December 28, 2022: Universiade – Tianxin
Line 20Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Line 20, formerly known as Fuyong line, runs from Airport North in the north-west to Convention & Exhibition City near Shenzhen World. Construction began in September 2016 and the line opened on December 28, 2021. Line 20 runs at the same top speed as line 11, at Template:Cvt. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 20's color is light blue.
- December 28, 2021: Airport North – Convention & Exhibition City<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
HistoryEdit
Early planningEdit
In late 1983, Party Secretary of Shenzhen Mayor Liang Xiang led a team to Singapore to study its mass transit system. Upon returning it was decided that Template:Convert on each side of Shennan Avenue should be protected as a green belt, and to set aside a Template:Convert wide median reserved for a light rail or light metro line.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 1984, the "Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Master Plan (1985–2000)" pointed out that, with the growing population and traffic in Shenzhen, a light metro system would not have sufficient capacity to meet future demand. Instead the report proposed a heavy rail subway line to be built along Shennan Avenue.<ref>深圳经济特区总体规划简介[J]. 城市规划,1986,06:9–14.</ref> The project was finally approved by the Central Planning Department in 1992.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
In August 1992, during and re-feasibility and rail network planning, The Shenzhen Municipal Government decided to move from building a light metro line to a heavy rail subway line. The rapid growth of Shenzhen City made a lower capacity light metro line impractical.<ref name="chushengzheng">Template:Cite news</ref> In 1994, Shenzhen organized the preparation of the "Shenzhen urban rail network master plan" to be incorporated into the "Shenzhen City Master Plan (1996–2010)".<ref name="preliminary"> Template:Cite book</ref> The city's vision for an urban rail network would consists of nine lines. Of the nine transit lines, three of them would be commuter rail lines upgraded from existing national mainline railways. The total length of the proposed network would be about Template:Cvt. The three upgraded commuter rail lines would overlap the Guangzhou–Shenzhen railway, Pinghu–Nanshan railway and Pingyan railway.<ref name="preliminary"/> This plan established the basic framework for the Shenzhen Metro network.<ref name="kuangjia">Template:Cite news</ref>
Construction suspended and restartedEdit
In December 1995, the State Council issued the "moratorium on approval of urban rapid transit projects" to suspend approval of rail transit projects in all Chinese cities except Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou. The Shenzhen Metro project was postponed.<ref name="snht">Template:Cite news</ref> In 1996, prior to the handover of Hong Kong, authorities attempted to restart construction by renaming the project "The Luohu, Huanggang / Lok Ma Chau border crossing passenger rail connection project", stressing that the project is designed to meet the potential growing demand for cross-border passenger traffic after the handover.<ref name="preliminary" />
In 1997, Shenzhen reapplied its Subway plans to the State Planning Commission, and received approval in May 1998.<ref name="chushengzheng" /> The project was renamed the "Shenzhen Metro first phase".<ref name="timeline">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In July 1998, SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). was formally established.<ref name="timeline" /> By April 1999, the subway project feasibility study report has been approved by the state.
Phase I (1998–2004)Edit
Construction of the first sections of Line 1 and Line 4 began in 1999. The grand opening of the Shenzhen Metro system occurred at 5:00 pm on Tuesday, December 28, 2004. This made Shenzhen the seventh city in mainland China to have a subway after Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Dalian and Wuhan.
Initially the trains operated at 15-minute frequencies and consisted of Line 1 services between Luohu and Shijie Zhi Chuang (now Window of the World) and the Line 4 services between Fumin and Shaonian Gong (now Children's Palace). Initially the English names of the stations were rendered in Hanyu Pinyin, but some of the names were changed to English translation with American spelling like the rest of mainland China, despite being close to the Hong Kong, which uses British spelling and ongoing political tensions with the US, in mid-2011.
The Futian Checkpoint station opened on June 28, 2007, using the name Huanggang.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
| Date Opened | Line | Termini | Length Template:Nobold |
Stations | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 28, 2004 | Template:Rail color box – phase 1 | Luohu | Window of the World | 17.4 | 15 |
| Template:Rail color box – phase 1 (initial section) | Fumin | Children's Palace | 3.4 | 4 | |
| June 28, 2007 | Template:Rail color box – phase 1 (extension) | Futian Checkpoint | Fumin | 1.1 | 1 |
Name changesEdit
On April 23, 2008, Shenzhen Municipal Planning Bureau announced that it would change the nomenclature of Shenzhen's subway lines according to the "2007 Urban Rail Transit Plan Scheme". Instead of using numbers as the lines official designation, as typically used in other mainland Chinese metro systems, lines would be given Chinese names more akin to the Hong Kong MTR.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2010, the Scheme was reviewed and adjusted with new routes and names in addition to newly proposed lines. On October 23, 2013, the SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group) decided that current operational lines will have their number and names combined, while future lines will only be numbered.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Due to the change in the construction order of several lines, some numerical names have been reviewed in order to prevent big jump between numbers. By 2016, only numerical names are used.
Lines currently in operation:
| Original No. | 2007 Scheme | 2010 Scheme | Current name |
|---|---|---|---|
| Line 1 | Luobao Line | Luobao Line (Line 1) | Line 1 |
| Line 2 | Shekou Line | Shekou Line (Line 2) | Line 2 |
| Line 3 | Longgang Line | Longgang Line (Line 3) | Line 3 |
| Line 4 | Longhua Line | Longhua Line (Line 4) | Line 4 |
| Line 5 | Huanzhong Line | Huanzhong Line (Line 5) | Line 5 |
| Line 7 | Xili Line | Xili Line (Line 7) | Line 7 |
| Line 8 | Yantian Line | Yantian Line (Line 8) | Line 2 Extension (Line 8 Phase 1) |
| Line 9 | Neihuan Line | Meilin Line (Line 9) | Line 9 |
| Line 16 | Pinghu Line | Bantian Line (Line 16/Line 10) | Line 10 |
| Line 11 | Airport Line | Airport Line (Line 11) | Line 11 |
| Line 10 | Bao'an Line | Nanbao Line (Line 10/Line 12) | Line 12 |
| Line 14 | Eastern Express | Eastern Express (Line 14) | Line 14 |
| Line 12 | Pingshan Line | Longping Line (Line 12/Line 16) | Line 16 |
| – | – | Fuyong Line (Line 20) | Line 20 (International Expo Conveyance Project) |
Lines under construction:
| Original No. | 2007 Scheme | 2010 Scheme | Current Name |
|---|---|---|---|
| Line 15 | Shiyan Line | Shiyan Line (Line 15/Line 13) | Line 13 |
Phase II (2007–2011)Edit
From 2004 to 2007, there was a lack of official government interest and attention to expanding the subway after completion of Phase 1 with little or no active projects.<ref name="2-1">Template:Cite news</ref> Subway construction speed was ridiculed as "earthworm speed".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On January 17, 2007, Shenzhen won the right to host the 2011 Universiade. In the bid Shenzhen committed to complete Template:Convert of subway lines before the games.<ref name="2-1"/> The mayor of Shenzhen at the time, Xu Zongheng, sharply criticized the speed and efficiency of Shenzhen's subway construction procedures and calls for reform.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Subsequently, the Shenzhen municipal government and various departments signed a liability form, requiring Phase II subway expansion to be completed in time for the Universiade.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Shenzhen Metro increased to over a hundred operating metro stations in June 2011, just before the Shenzhen Universiade games. In the span of two weeks, the network expanded from Template:Convert to Template:Convert. This expansion increased rail transit's share of total public transit trips from 6% to 29% in 2014.<ref name="ridership2014" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="website">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":3">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
| Date Opened | Line | Termini | Length Template:Nobold |
Stations | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 28, 2009 | Template:Rail color box – phase 2 (trial) | Window of the World | Shenzhen University | 3.39 | 3 |
| December 28, 2010 | Template:Rail color box – phase 1 | Chiwan | Window of the World | 15.1 | 12 |
| Template:Rail color box – phase 1 (elevated section) | Shuanglong | Caopu | 25.6 | 16 | |
| June 15, 2011 | Template:Rail color box – phase 2 | Shenzhen University | Airport East | 23.6 | 12 |
| June 16, 2011 | Template:Rail color box – phase 2 (first north extension) | Children's Palace | Qinghu | 15.9 | 10 |
| June 22, 2011 | Template:Rail color box – phase 1 | Qianhaiwan | Huangbeiling | 40.0 | 27 |
| June 28, 2011 | Template:Rail color box – phase 2 (first east extension) | Window of the World | Xinxiu | 20.65 | 17 |
| Template:Rail color box – phase 1 (underground section) & phase 2 (first south extension) | Caopu | Yitian | 16.52 | 14 | |
Phase III (2012–2023)Edit
In 2010, the Shenzhen Urban Planning and Land Resources Committee proposed a building program (Phase III) between 2011 and 2020. In 2011 this plan was approved by the NDRC. Phase III formally commenced in May 2011 with an expected cost of 125.6 billion yuan. It will cover Lines 6, 7, 8, 9, and 11 and will extend the length of the Shenzhen Metro to Template:Convert and 10 lines.<ref name="Under Construction">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In June 2011, the Shenzhen Urban Planning and Land Resources Commission started gather public input on Phase III station names.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On June 28, 2016, Line 11 opened being the first subway line in Shenzhen with 8 car trains and Template:Cvt maximum service speed and the first in China with a First Class service. Lines 7 and 9 followed on October 28, 2016. South extension of Line 5 opened on September 28, 2019, and west extension of Line 9 opened on December 8, 2019. Line 6 and Line 10 opened on August 18, 2020, bringing the length of the Shenzhen Metro to Template:Convert and the fourth longest in China. Second east extension of Line 2, second south extension of Line 3, second north extension of Line 4 and phase 1 of Line 8 opened on October 28, 2020, bringing the length of the Shenzhen Metro to Template:Convert. Phase III is also the first phase in which the lines are officially numbered instead of named and colored.
| Date Opened | Line | Termini | Length Template:Nobold |
Stations | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 28, 2016 | Template:Rint – phase 1 | Futian | Bitou | 51.936 | 18 | |
| October 28, 2016 | Template:Rint – phase 1 | Tai'an | Xili Lake | 30.173 | 28 | |
| Template:Rint – phase 1 | Wenjin | Hongshuwan South | 25.38 | 22 | ||
| September 28, 2019 | Template:Rint – phase 2 | Qianhaiwan | Chiwan | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
7 |
| December 8, 2019 | Template:Rint – phase 2 | Hongshuwan South | Qianwan | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
10 |
| August 18, 2020 | Template:Rint – phase 1 & 2 | Science Museum | Songgang | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
27 |
| Template:Rint | Futian Checkpoint | Shuangyong Street | 29.3<ref name="thepaper.cn"/> | 24 | ||
| October 28, 2020 | Template:Rint – phase 3 (second east extension) | Template:Stl | Liantang | 3.82 | 3 | |
| Template:Rint – phase 3 (second south extension) | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | 1.5 | 1 | ||
| Template:Rint – phase 3 (second north extension) | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
8 | |
| Template:Rint (through operation to Template:Rint) – phase 1 | Liantang | Template:Stl | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
7 | |
| December 27, 2023 | Template:Rint (through operation to Template:Rint) – phase 2 | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | 8.01 | 4 | |
Phase IV & Phase IV revised expansion (2017–2026)Edit
With the shortening of the Phase III implementation period,<ref name="change plans">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> a number of lines (Lines 16 and 12) planned in 2007's Phase III moved into the next phase.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> By 2016, it was determined that Phase IV will have an implementation period between 2017 and 2022 and consist of Template:Convert of new subway.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Lines 13 and 14 which originally had a long term 2030 completion deadline were moved into Phase IV expansion. In addition, a branch line of Line 6 will connect with the neighboring Dongguan Rail Transit system.<ref name=":1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Lines 12, 13, 14, and 16 and branch of Line 6 was approved by the NDRC in July 2017 and started construction in January 2018.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":3" /> The first phase of Line 20 was fast tracked from Phase IV to provide a shuttle between Line 11 and a new International Convention Center, now called Convention & Exhibition City. The construction started in September 2016, but as for early 2019, the construction is paused because the Development and Reform Commission did not approve the project. The Phase IV revised plan approved by the NDRC on March 26, 2020, approved the first Phase of Line 20 allowing for construction to continue. The line eventually opened on December 28, 2021. Futian to Gangxia North in the first section of Phase 2 of Line 11 opened on October 28, 2022 in tandem with Line 14 Phase I.
| Date Opened | Line | Termini | Length Template:Nobold |
Stations | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 28, 2021 | Template:Rint – phase 1 | Airport North | Convention & Exhibition City | 8.43 | 5 |
| October 28, 2022 | Template:Rint – phase 2 (trial) | Futian | Gangxia North | 1.6 | 1 |
| Template:Rint – phase 1 | Gangxia North | Shatian | 50.3<ref name=":3" /> | 17<ref name=":3" /> | |
| November 28, 2022 | Template:Rint – phase 1 | Guangming | SIAT | 6.13<ref name=":3" /> | 4<ref name=":3" /> |
| Template:Rint – phase 1 | Zuopaotai East | Waterlands Resort East | 40.54<ref name=":3" /> | 33<ref name=":3" /> | |
| December 28, 2022 | Template:Rint – phase 1 | Universiade | Tianxin | 29.2<ref name=":3" /> | 24<ref name=":3" /> |
| December 28, 2024 | Template:Rint – phase 4 | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | 9.4 | 7 |
| Template:Rint – phase 2 | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | 2.36 | 2 | |
| Template:Rint – phase 2 | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | 4.39 | 2 | |
| Template:Rint – phase 2 | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | 8.16 | 5 | |
| Template:Rint – phase 1 (south section) | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | 6.36 | 7 | |
Future expansionEdit
Phase IV expansionEdit
| Expected opening | Line | Section | Terminals | Length Template:Nobold |
Stations | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Template:Rint | Phase 1 North | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | 16.09 | 9 |
Phase IV Revised ExpansionEdit
The Phase IV revised plan approved by the NDRC on March 26, 2020, added a number of extension projects.<ref name=ndrc2020>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
| Expected opening | Line | Section | Terminals | Length Template:Nobold |
Stations | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 2025 | Template:Rint | Remaining station | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | – | 1 |
| September 2025 | Template:Rint | South extension | Guangmingcheng | Template:Stl | 4.9 | 3 |
| Template:Rint | Phase 2 | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | 9.53 | 8 | |
| December 2025 | Template:Rint | Phase 3 | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | 4.26 | 1 |
| Template:Rint | Phase 2 North | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | 18.8 | 11 | |
| 2026 | Template:Rint | Phase 2 South | Template:Stl | Template:Stl | 4.47 | 3 |
MiscellaneousEdit
Line 5 west extension is part of Phase II expansion.
| Expected opening | Line | Section | Terminals | Length Template:Nobold |
Stations | Phase | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 2025 | Template:Rint | West extension | Huangbeiling | Grand Theater | 2.87 | 3 | II |
Phase V (2023–2028)Edit
In the Shenzhen Metro 2007 masterplan proposed four more lines (Lines 13, 14, 15 and 16) which have a planned completion target of 2030.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2016, all aforementioned lines but Line 15 were designated as part of the Phase IV expansion, moving the completion date forward from 2030 to 2022. In 2012, four further lines Qiannan (Line 17), Pinghu (Line 18), Pingshan (Line 19) and Fuyong (Line 20) where unveiled, making the total planned length of the Shenzhen Metro to Template:Convert spread out over 20 lines. The first phase of Line 20 was fast-tracked and included in the Phase III revised expansion with a completion date of 2018. This leaves Line 15, 17–19 and the rest of Line 20 available for the next phase (Phase V) of subway expansion. In September 2022, the Shenzhen municipal government confirmed the projects proposed to be included in its phase V expansion. A total of Template:Convert of new lines are proposed.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
On March 31, 2023, the Bureau of Housing and Urban Rural Development of Shenzhen Metro Municipality will open the bidding for the fifth phase planning of Shenzhen Metro Metro, including Line 15, Line 17 Phase I, Line 19 Phase I, Line 20 Phase II (Airport East—Baishizhou), Line 22 Phase I, Line 25 Phase I, Line 27 Phase I, Line 29 Phase I and Line 32 Phase I, This means that these 9 lines have been approved with an investment amount of 191.1 billion yuan. However, Line 18 Phase I, Line 21 Phase I, Line 10 East Extension (Shenzhen Section) and Metro Line 11 North Extension (Shenzhen Section), which were previously proposed to be included in the fifth phase plan of Shenzhen Metro, were not included in this announcement.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In June 2023, the Fifth Phase Construction Plan of Shenzhen Urban Rail Transit (2023–2028) has been approved for a total of 11 construction projects, including Line 15, Line 17 Phase I, Line 19 Phase I, Line 20 Phase II (Airport East—Baishizhou), Line 22 Phase I, Line 25 Phase I, Line 27 Phase I, Line 29 Phase I, Line 32 Phase I, Line 10 East Extension (Shenzhen Section) and Metro Line 11 North Extension (Shenzhen Section).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
| Line | Section | Terminals | Length Template:Nobold |
Stations | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Rint | East extension | Shuangyong Street | Huanggekeng | 9.8 (2.9 in Shenzhen) | 5 | Approved | |
| Template:Rint | North extension | Bitou | Chang'an | 3.7 (0.8 in Shenzhen) | 1 | Approved | |
| Template:Rint | West extension | Gangxia North | Xiangmihu West | 1 | Approved | ||
| Template:Rint | Loop Line | 32.2 | 24 | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | ||
| Template:Rint | Phase 1 | Luohu West | Shanglilang | 18.8 | 18 | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Template:Rint | Phase 1 | Nantangwei | Julong | 12.5 | 12 | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Template:Rint | Phase 2 | Airport North | Baishizhou | 24.9 | 11 | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Template:Rint | Phase 1 | Shangsha | Liguang | 34.2 | 21 | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Template:Rint | Phase 1 | Shilong | Jihua Hospital | 16.2 | 14 | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Template:Rint | Phase 1 | Songpingcun, Jihua Hospital | Gangtou West, Lizhi Orchard | 25.6 | 21 | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Template:Rint | Phase 1 | Hongshuwan South | Xingdong | 11.3 | 10 | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Template:Rint | Phase 1 | Xichong | Kuichong East | 9.5 | 4 | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Total | 196.3 | 140 | |||||
Long-term planEdit
Aside from the set masterplan, at the 12th Guangdong Provincial People's Congress in January 2014,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> it was proposed to extend Line 4 beyond the planned Phase III terminus at the Songyuan Bus Terminal in Guanlan. The proposal wanted to further extend this line to reach the future planned Dongguan Metro Line 4 at Tangxia station. This proposal aims to shorten the distance between the two cities in residents' minds, boost tourism industries in both cities and expand housing options. It would also allow for direct connection between Hong Kong and Dongguan. As the area in the proposed area is less developed, the cost in building the line is expected to be lower, with a feasibility study yet to be conducted. In addition to metro lines, 5 Pearl River Delta Rapid Transit lines connecting neighboring urban centers in the Pearl River Delta such as Dongguan, Huizhou, Foshan and Guangzhou, totaling Template:Convert, have also been revealed.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2016, an even more ambitious masterplan, expanding the previously planned 20 lines to 32, was unveiled. The new plan envisions a Template:Convert subway network to be completed by 2030. This will allow for travel between the central and suburban districts to be shortened to 45 minutes and for public transit to make up more than 70% of all motorized trips in Shenzhen.<ref name=":2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
RidershipEdit
Template:Historical populations
Since the opening of the first phase in 2004, there has been a steady growth in passenger traffic. In 2009 and 2010, passenger traffic soared with major openings of new phase 2 lines, with a three-fold increase in passenger traffic in 2010.<ref name="yangli">Template:Cite journal</ref> On July 12, 2019, it set a new record for its peak ridership at 6.63 million.<ref name=new3lines/>
July is the busiest month of the year for the Shenzhen Metro, accounting for 9.3% of annual passenger traffic, while January is the least busy month, accounting for only 6.7%. This is caused by Shenzhen's large migrant worker population.<ref name="chenyu">Template:Cite journal</ref>
Fares and ticketsEdit
Metro rides are priced according to distance travelled, and fares vary from 2 RMB to 14 RMB.<ref>(Chinese) fare information</ref> Since December 2010 fares are based on a usage fee (2 RMB) + a distance fee. The distance fee is 1 RMB for each Template:Convert from Template:Convert to Template:Convert; after that 1 RMB for each Template:Convert from Template:Convert to Template:Convert and finally 1 RMB for every Template:Convert over Template:Convert distance.<ref>New Metro fares announced</ref> For passengers who wish to ride on business coach in line 11, they have to pay 3 times the amount of price that calculated by the regulations above.
| Distance (km) | Fares (RMB)<ref>Business coach fears is three times as matching normal coach fears.</ref> |
|---|---|
| 0~12 | 1+1/per Template:Convert |
| 12~24 | 5+1/per Template:Convert |
| over 24 | 7+1/per Template:Convert |
Children under the height of Template:Cvt or aged below 6 may ride for free when accompanied by an adult.<ref>(Chinese) SZMC fare policy</ref> The metro also offers free rides to senior citizens over the age of 65, the physically disabled and military personnel. Tickets for children between Template:Cvt and Template:Cvt, or aged between 6 and 14 years, or middle school students, are half priced.
Metro fares can be paid for with single-ride tokens, multiple-ride Shenzhen Tong cards or 1- day passes.<ref>types of tickets</ref>
TokensEdit
When using cash, a RFID token (NXP Mifare Classic) is purchased and used for a single, non-returnable journey. There are two different types of tokens, with green tokens for Standard Class, and yellow tokens used for Business Class which is only available on Line 11. All ticket vending machines offer both English and Chinese interface. The purchaser touches a station name to calculate the fare. After payment, a green token is dispensed, which must be scanned at the entrance station and deposited at the exit station. A penalty applies should a token be lost. Purchasers of green tokens cannot ride Business Class on Line 11 directly. Instead, they must get off at any transfer stations with Line 11 and purchase a separate yellow token.
Note that as of 2015, many machines accept only 5 or 10 RMB notes. The token(s) are only valid at the station where issued. Passengers are unable to buy an extra token for return journey prior to departure. Baggage X-Ray machines are located at each station, and may be staffed during peak hours.
Shenzhen Tong cardsEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Shenzhen Tong is a pre-paid currency card similar to Oyster card system in London and the Octopus card system used in Hong Kong. The multiple fare card stores credit purchased at stations. The card can be used by waving it in front of the card reader located at all entrances and exits to the subway system. Riders who pay for metro fare with a card receive a 5% discount. Since March 1, 2008, riders who pay for a bus fare with a card and then a subway fare within 90 minutes receive an additional 0.4 RMB discount on the subway fare. Card users pay a distance based fare.
Since June 30, 2011, cards containing both a Shenzhen Tong and Hong Kong Octopus chip have been available in both Shenzhen and Hong Kong. There are plans to further integrate the two systems, and for a new card which will be accepted all over Guangdong province and China's two SARs.<ref>One smartcard to rule them all: Guangdong, HK team up to offer unified travel card | The Nanfang</ref><ref>Guangdong and Hong Kong Linked by One Transportation Card _Life of Guangzhou</ref>
Unlike Hong Kong Octopus Cards, Shenzhen Tong cards cannot be sold back to the stations or have faults dealt with by SZMC. Instead, the customer must go to the offices of Shenzhen Tong. Students studying in Shenzhen can use the Shenzhen Tong to receive a 50% discount.
Note that discounts are not applicable for people who ride Business Class carriages on Line 11.
Metro cards can also be used on Shenzhen's public bus system.
Metro 1-day passesEdit
Metro 1-day pass is a smart card that allowed the card holder have unlimited access of the metro system in 24 continuous hours. Passengers can purchase a 1-day pass for RMB 25 in the service center in any metro station. The pass will be activated and the passenger will have 24 continuous hour for unlimited access after the first entrance. When the pass expired, the pass is no longer available for entering a station but able to exiting a station and finish a journey in 27.5 hours. The 1-day passes are not applicable for Business Class carriages on Line 11.
Station facilities, amenities and servicesEdit
Some stations have toilets (free of charge), and public telephones. SZMC also operates luggage storage facilities in the concourse above Luohu Station. Mobile phone service is available throughout the system provided by China Mobile, China Telecom, and China Unicom.<ref name="features">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Like the Hong Kong MTR, Guangzhou, and Foshan metros, station announcements are in Mandarin, Cantonese and English. Some announcements, such as train arrival, are in Mandarin and English only. Cantonese, an important local language, is chosen for the local Cantonese population as well as Cantonese speakers in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau.
The stations of Line 6 and Line 10 are the first metro stations in China to have 5G coverage.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
EquipmentEdit
Rolling stockEdit
Line 1Edit
- 22 Bombardier Transportation Movia 456 6-car sets (101–122, Some trains now use CRRC Times Electric traction units after have a maintenance in Changchun)
- 4 Changchun Railway Vehicles Type A 6-car sets, traction units by Bombardier Transportation (123–126)
- 26 Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by Siemens (127–152, Some trains now use CRRC Times Electric traction units after have a maintenance in Zhuzhou)
- 33 Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by CSR Times Electric (153–185)
Line 2Edit
- 35 Changchun Railway Vehicles Type A 6-car sets, traction units by Bombardier Transportation (201–235)
- 17 Changchun Railway Vehicles Type A 6-car sets, traction units by Bombardier Transportation (236–239、241–252), by CRRC Qingdao Sifang (240).
- 5 Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by CRRC Times Electric (253–257)
Line 3Edit
- 43 Changchun Railway Vehicles Type B 6-car sets, traction units by Hyundai Rotem (301–343, Some trains now use CRRC Times Electric traction units after have a maintenance in Changchun)
- 33 Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Works Type B 6-car sets, traction units by Hyundai Rotem (344–376)
- 22 Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Works Type B 6-car sets, traction units by Jiangsu Kingway Rail (377-398)
Line 4Edit
- 28 Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by ABB (401–428)
- 24 Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by Nanjing Huashi (429–452)
Line 5Edit
- 22 Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by Siemens (501–522)
- 8 Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by CSR Times Electric (523–530)
- 21 Changchun Railway Vehicles Type A 6-car sets, traction units by Bombardier Transportation (531–551)
- 6 Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by CRRC Times Electric (552–557)
Line 6Edit
- 51 Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by Bombardier Transportation (601–651)
Line 6 BranchEdit
- 9 Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Works Type B 6-car sets, traction units by INVT (6Z01–6Z09)
Line 7Edit
- 41 Changchun Railway Vehicles Type A 6-car sets, traction units by Bombardier Transportation (701–741)
Line 8Edit
- 24 Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by CRRC Times Electric (258–281[801–824], 273-281[816-824] traction units sounds are much higher)
Line 9Edit
- 29 Changchun Railway Vehicles Type A 6-car sets, traction units by CRRC Times Electric (901–929).
- 22 Changchun Railway Vehicles Type A 6-car sets, traction units by INVT (930–951).
Line 10Edit
- 35 Changchun Railway Vehicles Type A 8-car sets, traction units by CRRC Times Electric (1001–1035)
Line 11Edit
- 33 Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works Type A 8-car sets, traction units by CRRC Times Electric (1101–1133)
- 40 Changchun Railway Vehicles Type A 8-car sets, traction units by CRRC Times Electric (1134–1173)
Line 12Edit
- 56 Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by Bombardier Transportation (1201–1256)
Line 13Edit
- 19 CRRC Qingdao Sifang Type A 8-car sets, traction units by Siemens (1301-1319)
Line 14Edit
- 44 Changchun Railway Vehicles Type A 8-car sets, traction units by CRRC Times Electric (1401–1444)
Line 16Edit
- 32 Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by Jiangsu Kingway Rail (1601–1632)
Line 20Edit
- 9 Changchun Railway Vehicles Type A 8-car sets, traction units by CRRC Times Electric (2001–2009)
Signalling systemEdit
On Line 1 and Line 4, Siemens supplied 7 (Phase 1) and 6 (Phase 2) LZB 700 M continuous automatic control systems; 7 (Phase 1) and 6 (Phase 2) electronic Sicas ESTT interlockings; the Vicos OC 501 operations control system with 2 operations control centers, fall-back level with Vicos OC 101 and RTU (FEP), 230 (Phase 1) and 240 (Phase 2) FTG S track vacancy detection units.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Line 2 and Line 5 use Casco CBTC system with 2.4 GHz frequencies, and so the system has suffered frequent problems with interference from consumer Wi-Fi equipment.<ref>"Pocket Wi-Fi hotspots paralyse Chinese metro lines."</ref> By the end of November 2012, CASCO solved the problem on Lines 2 and 5 by switching to their standard solution with frequency diversity on 2 different channels.
Accidents and incidentsEdit
- April 4, 2011 – One worker was killed and four others injured on April 4 when a manually controlled chain hoist broke loose in a Line 5 tunnel in Longgang district. A preliminary investigation by district safety authorities found mechanical failure was to blame.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- September 9, 2013 – Three passengers abandoned in Line 1 tunnel after train door opens.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- June 25, 2015 – Worker killed during tunnel collapse in Line 7 construction.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- April 19, 2017 – Scaffolding for a metro station collapsed during the construction of the Line 8 on Yantian Rd, killing a worker and injuring three.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- May 11, 2017 – During the construction of the extension of Line 3 heavy rains caused a partial cave in at an excavation pit for a station on the southern extension of Line 3, killing 2 workers and injuring another.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- July 5–7, 2018 – Over a span of three days, at least seven incidents occurred, where power cables were accidentally cut at various construction sites of Shenzhen Metro, causing blackouts in large areas.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- July 10, 2018 – During the construction of Line 10, workers accidentally dug up the pipes of Shenzhen Buji Water Supply Co., Ltd., disrupting water distribution system. The Shenzhen Economic and Information Commission warned and penalized the contractor responsible.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Network mapEdit
Template:Rapid transit OSM map
ConnectionsEdit
Pingshan Center station on Line 14 connects to Line 1 of the Pingshan Skyshuttle. This 8.5 km monorail line opened on December 28, 2022, with 11 stations, all in Pingshan district. Two of the stations will eventually connect to Line 16 stations.
BrandingEdit
The mascot of Shenzhen Metro named "Tiebao" (Simplified Chinese: 铁宝; Traditional Chinese: 鐵寳) was unveiled on December 27, 2023. It is a cute anthropomorphic of a Shenzhen Metro train's front.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
See alsoEdit
- List of Shenzhen Metro stations
- List of rapid transit systems
- Dongguan Rail Transit
- Foshan Metro (FMetro)
- Guangzhou Metro
- Hong Kong MTR
- List of metro systems
- Urban rail transit in China
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
- SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group) official website (in English)
- MTR Corporation (Shenzhen) official website (Chinese only)
Template:Eastern Guangdong & Hong Kong transit Template:Shenzhen Metro Template:Rapid transit in the People's Republic of China Template:International Metro Organizations Template:Shenzhen Template:Rapid transit in Asia