String quintet

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A string quintet is a musical composition for five string players. As an extension to the string quartet (two violins, a viola, and a cello), a string quintet includes a fifth string instrument, usually a second viola (a so-called "viola quintet") or a second cello (a "cello quintet"), or occasionally a double bass.

Notable examples of classic "viola quintets", in four movement form include those of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Other examples were written by composers including Johannes Brahms and Felix Mendelssohn.

A famous "cello quintet" is Franz Schubert's Quintet in C major. Antonín Dvořák's Quintet Op. 77 uses a double bass, and Mozart's famous Eine kleine Nachtmusik may be performed with this instrumentation (the double bass being optional).

Alternative additions include clarinet or piano (see clarinet quintet, piano quintet); and other closely related chamber music genres include the string quartet (much more common), the string trio, and the string sextet. A more unusual form of string quintet is the violin quintet composed of 3 violins, a viola and a cello (thus a string quartet with an additional violin).

The term string quintet may refer to a group of five players that performs such works. The ensemble was standard in 17th century Italy and can be seen as early as 1607 in Claudio Monteverdi's opera, L'Orfeo.<ref name="myers" />

List of viola quintets

• Johann Georg Albrechtsberger – 19 String Quintets called "Sonatas" (1782–1803)
• Franz Joseph Aumann – String Quintet "Divertimento" in C major (c.1760)
• Arnold Bax – Quintet (1933)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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• Frank Bridge – Quintet in E minor (H15, 1901)
• Ludwig van Beethoven – Quintet, Op. 29, sometimes called the Storm Quintet; a Fugue in D major for viola quintet, Op. 137; an arrangement of his Octet for Viola Quintet, Op. 4 (the original Octet was later published as Op.103); an arrangement of his Piano Trio Op. 1 No. 3 for Viola Quintet, Op. 104
• Luigi Boccherini – twelve original Quintets, arrangements of all twelve of his Piano Quintets (Op.56 and Op.57) for Viola Quintet.
• Johannes Brahms – two Quintets, Op. 88 and Op. 111; the first edition of the Clarinet Quintet Op. 115 included an alternate part for viola substituting for the clarinet
• Max Bruch – Quintet in A minor
• Anton Bruckner – String Quintet in F major (1879); Intermezzo in D minor (substitute for the scherzo)
• Carson Cooman – Quintet (Unquiet Parables, 2009), Op 856<ref>Search by title: quintet carsoncooman.com, accessed 8 October 2020</ref>
• Brett Dean – Epitaph for string quintet (2010)
• Antonín Dvořák – two Quintets, No. 1 in A minor and [[String Quintet No. 3 (Dvořák)|No. 3 in ETemplate:Music (the American Quintet)]]
• Victor Ewald – a Quintet Op. 4 in A major<ref>Ewald? at catalog.library.cornell.edu</ref><ref>Ewald String Quintet in A Major, Op.4 For 2 Violins, 2 Violas & Cello www.editionsilvertrust.com, accessed 7 October 2020</ref>
• Eduard Franck – two Quintets, Op. 15 in E minor and Op. 51 in C Major
• Florian Leopold Gassmann – Op. 2 six String Quintets H 501–506 (1772)
• Friedrich Gernsheim – Quintet Op. 9 in D
• Roy Harris – Quintet (1940)
• Franz Joseph Haydn – Hob.II:2 Divertimento in G major (c.1754)
• Heinrich von Herzogenberg – Quintet in C minor, Op.77 (1892)
• Franz Anton Hoffmeister Op. 2 six Quintets (c.1782)
• Klaus Huber – Ecce homines (1998)
• Heinrich Kaminski – Quintet in FTemplate:Music minor (two versions, first 1916)<ref>Heinrich Kaminski (geb. Tiengen, 4. Juli 1886 — gest. Ried bei Benediktbeuern, 21. Juni 1946) Streichquintett fis-moll (I. Fassung, 1916 www.musikmph.de Template:Webarchive</ref>
• Franz Krommer – fifteen String Quintets
• Template:Ill six String Quintets in F,G,B,A,E♭,C major
• Bohuslav Martinů – Quintet (1927)
• Felix Mendelssohn – two Quintets: No. 1 in A major, Op. 18 (1826, revised 1832) and No. 2 in B-flat major, Op.87 (1845)
• Ernst Mielck – Quintet in F major (1897)
• Darius Milhaud – Quintet Op. 325 (1953–1954)
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart – six Quintets: K174, K406/516b, K515, K516, K593, K614
• Carl Nielsen – Quintet in G major (1888)
• George Onslow – five out of his thirty-four Quintets are with two violas; four are with double bass and the rest with two cellos (see below)<ref name="george.onslow.online.fr">George ONSLOW "The French Beethoven" george.onslow.online.fr, accessed 7 October 2020</ref>
• Hubert Parry – Quintet in E flat (1909<ref>John IRELAND (1876–1962) String Quartets sleeve notes Naxos/ www.musicweb-international.com, accessed 7 October 2020</ref>)
• George Perle – Quintet (1958)
• Josef Rheinberger – Quintet in A minor, Op. 82 (1874)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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• Ferdinand Ries – Seven Quintets, Op. 37 in C, Op. 68 in D minor, Op. 167 in A minor, Op. 171 in G, Op. 183 in E-flat, and two published without opus in A major and F minor (published in a series "Samtliche Streichquintette" edited by Jürgen Schmidt between 2003-5 for Accolade Musikverlag.)
• Franz Schubert – "Quintet-Overture" for Quintet, D 8
• Roger Sessions – Quintet (1958)
• Robert Simpson – Quintet (1987)
• Louis Spohr – seven Quintets
• Charles Villiers Stanford – Two Quintets, Op. 85 & Op.86 <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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• Johan Svendsen – Quintet in C, Op. 5<ref>Johan Severin SVENDSEN (1840–1911) sleeve note to works including String Quintet in C major, Op. 5 BIS/www.musicweb-international.com, accessed 7 October 2020</ref> (1868)
• Sergei Taneyev – Quintet in C, Op. 16
• Johann Baptist Wanhal – Six String Quintets (1774)
• Ralph Vaughan Williams – Quintet (the Phantasy Quintet – 1912) and Nocturne and Scherzo (1904–1906)
• Felix Weingartner – Quintet, his Op. 40
• Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari - Quintet in C, Op. 24 (1939)
• John Woolrich – The Death of King Renaud (1991)
• Alexander von Zemlinsky – Quintet (1894–1896): 2 movements are lost

List of cello quintets

File:Boccherini String Quintet in E.jpg

Sheet music for a piano arrangement of the celebrated string quintet in E (an example of a 'cello quintet') by Luigi Boccherini

• Arnold Bax – Quintet in G major (1908), the second movement of which was rescored by the composer for Viola Quintet and published as the Lyrical Interlude (1923);
• Wilhelm Berger – Quintet in E minor, Op. 75 (1911)<ref name="merton" />
• Luigi Boccherini – one hundred and ten Quintets. The third movement Minuet of the Cello Quintet Op.11 No.5 is extremely well known.
• Alexander Borodin – Quintet in F minor (1859–1860)
• Luigi Cherubini – Quintet in E minor (1837)
• Felix Otto Dessoff – Quintet, Op. 10
• Friedrich Dotzauer – Quintet in D minor, Op. 134 (1835)
• Felix Draeseke – Quintet in F, Op. 77 (1901)
• Friedrich Gernsheim – Quintet Op. 89 in ETemplate:Music
• Alexander Glazunov – Quintet in A, Op. 39 (1892)
• Karl Goldmark – Quintet in A minor, Op. 9 (1862)
• Theodore Gouvy – Quintet in G, op 55 is on IMSLP
• August Klughardt – Quintet in G minor, Op. 62 (1902)<ref name="merton" />
• Frank Martin – Pavane couleur du temps (Colour of weather Pavane), 1920, 7', For quintet.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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• Darius Milhaud – Quintet Op. 350 (1956)
• George Onslow – twenty-five of his thirty-four string quintets are Cello Quintets; five are with two violas and four are with double bass<ref name="george.onslow.online.fr"/>
• Einojuhani Rautavaara – Quintet "Les Cieux Inconnues" (Unknown Heavens, 1997)
• Ottorino Respighi – Quintet in G minor (1901, incomplete)
• Wolfgang Rihm – Epilog (2013)
• George Rochberg – Quintet for Two Violins, Viola and Two Cellos (1982)
• Franz Schubert – Cello Quintet, Op. post. 163, D 956
• Peter Seabourne – Quintet for Two Violins, Viola and Two Cellos (2012)
• Robert Simpson – Quintet (1995)
• Ethel Smyth – Quintet in E major, Op. 1
• Sergei Taneyev – Quintet in G, Op. 14 (1900–1901)
• Ferdinand Thieriot – Streich-Quintett G-Dur, 1914; others with wind instruments<ref>Thieriot? </ref>
• Carl Vine – String Quintet (2009)

String quintets for 3 violins, viola and cello

• Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, String Quintet (1798)
• Franz Clement, Introduction and Polonaise in E major (Polonaise für die Violine mit Begleitung von 2 Violinen, Viola und Violonzello)
• Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst, Polonaise, Op.17
• Morton Feldman, Violin and String Quartet (1985)
• Charles Martin Loeffler – one Violin Quintet (three violins, viola and cello)
• Joseph Mayseder, Polonaise No.1, Op.10; Polonaise No.3, Op.12
• Alessandro Rolla, Divertimento for Violin and String Quartet, BI 429
• Franz Schubert, Rondo in A major for Violin and Strings, D 438
• Louis Spohr, Potpourri No.2 in BTemplate:Music major (Potpourri on themes by Mozart for violin and string quartet (with bass ad libitum))

List of double bass quintets

• Leslie Bassett – Quintet (1957)<ref>Bassett, Leslie, 1923- Quintets, violins (2), viola, violoncello, double bass NY Public Library reference, accessed 7 October 2020</ref>
• Luigi Boccherini – three Quintets.
• Antonín Dvořák – Quintet Op. 77 in G (1875)
• Brian Ferneyhough – Christus Resurgens (2017)
• Alistair Hinton – String Quintet (1969–77)
• Vagn Holmboe – Quintet, Op. 165/M.326 (1986)
• Darius Milhaud – Quintet Op. 316
• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - Serenade No. 13, K. 525, "Eine kleine Nachtmusik"
• George Onslow – four out of his thirty-four String Quintets are with double bass; five with two violas and the rest with two cellos<ref name="george.onslow.online.fr"/>
• Robert Paterson – I See You (2015) (for string quintet with double bass and recording)

String quintets for other combinations

File:De Zagerij Pro (vier cello's en een contrabas) in het Hof, Dordrecht, 2019.jpg

An unusual string quintet (De Zagerij Pro) consisting of four cellos and a double bass, Hof, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 2019

• Felix Draeseke – one Quintet in A for Two Violins, Viola, Violotta, and Cello (the Stelzner-Quintett; 1897); Draeseke also composed one Cello Quintet- in F, Op. 77 (1901)

Works making use of a string quintet

• Nigel Keay – one Double Bass Quintet with Contralto, Tango Suite (2002)<ref>Nigel Keay - Tango Suite (2002) www.nigelkeay.com, accessed 7 October 2020</ref>

See also

• String quintet repertoire