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The Front Page

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Template:Short description Template:About Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox play The Front Page is a Broadway comedy about newspaper reporters on the police beat. Written by former Chicago reporters Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur, it was first produced in 1928 and has been adapted for the cinema several times. The play entered the public domain in the United States in 2024.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

PlotEdit

File:The-Front-Page-1928-6.jpg
Reporters play cards in the press room of the Criminal Courts Building in Act I of The Front Page (1928)

The play's single set is the dingy press room of Chicago's Criminal Courts Building, overlooking the gallows behind the Cook County Jail. Reporters from most of the city's newspapers are passing the time with poker and pungent wisecracks about the news of the day. Soon they will witness the hanging of Earl Williams, a white man and supposed Communist revolutionary convicted of killing a black policeman. Hildy Johnson, cocky star reporter for the Examiner, is late. He appears only to say goodbye; he is quitting to get a respectable job and be married. Suddenly the reporters hear that Earl Williams has escaped from the jail. All but Hildy stampede out for more information. As Hildy tries to decide how to react, Williams comes in through the window. He tells Hildy he is no revolutionary, and that he shot the police officer by accident. The reporter realizes this bewildered, harmless little man was railroaded — just to help the crooked mayor and sheriff pick up enough black votes to win re-election. It is the story of a lifetime. Hildy helps Williams hide inside a roll-top desk. His daunting challenge now is to get Williams out of the building to a safe place for an interview before rival reporters or trigger-happy policemen discover him. Hildy has no choice but to ask for help from Walter Burns, managing editor of the Examiner — a devious tyrant who would do just about anything to keep Hildy with the newspaper.

Cast and charactersEdit

Notable casts

Character Broadway original
(1928) 		citation CitationClass=web

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Walter Burns Osgood Perkins John Lithgow Nathan Lane
Hildy Johnson Lee Tracy Richard Thomas John Slattery
Sheriff Hartman Claude Cooper Richard B. Shull John Goodman
Bensinger Walter Baldwin Jeff Weiss Jefferson Mays
Mrs. Grant Violet Barney Anita Dangler Holland Taylor
Mollie Malloy Dorothy Stickney Amanda Carlin Sherie Rene Scott
Mr. Pincus Frank Conlan Patrick Garner Robert Morse
McCue William Foran Philip LeStrange Dylan Baker
Jennie Carrie Weller Anita Dangler Patricia Conolly
Peggy Grant Frances Fuller Amanda Carlin Halley Feiffer
The Mayor George Barbier Jerome Dempsey Dann Florek
Earl Williams George Leach Paul Stolarsky John Magaro
Diamond Louis Eduardo Ciannelli Michael Rothhaar Danny Mastrogiorgio
Murphy Willard Robertson Ed Lauter Christopher McDonald
Schwartz Tammany Young Lee Wilkof David Pittu
Wilson Vincent York Philip Le Strange Joey Slotnick
Endicott Allen Jenkins Bernie McInerney Lewis J. Stadlen
Woodenshoes Eichorn Jay Wilson Jack Wallace Micah Stock
Kruger Joseph Calleia Richard Peterson Clarke Thorell
Frank Gene West Philip LeStrange Joe Forbich
Policeman Larry Doyle Patrick Garner Michael X. Martin
Second Policeman George T. Fleming Richard Peterson Jonathan Spivey
Carl Matthew Crowley Michael Rothhaar Tony Ward
Tony N/A Richard Preston Michael X. Martin

The Front Page was produced by Jed Harris and directed by George S. Kaufman, with settings by Raymond Sovey. It opened at the Times Square Theatre, New York City, on August 14, 1928, and ran 278 performances before closing in April 1929.<ref name="IBDb">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Playbill">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • The-Front-Page-1928-5-crop.jpg

    The press room of the Chicago Criminal Courts Building

  • The-Front-Page-1928-4.jpg

    Lee Tracy as Hildy Johnson

  • The-Front-Page-1928-1.jpg

    George Barbier (The Mayor), Willard Robertson (Murphy), Claude Cooper (Sheriff Hartman), Allen Jenkins (Endicott), William Foran (McCue)

  • The-Front-Page-1928-3.jpg

    George Leach (Earl Williams), Lee Tracy (Hildy Johnson)

  • The-Front-Page-1928-2.jpg

    Osgood Perkins as Walter Burns

SignificanceEdit

The authors' expert plotting and rapid-fire, streetwise dialogue delighted audiences and made their play an instant classic. Hecht and MacArthur strongly influenced many other American comic writers, especially in Hollywood. In the 1970s, film producer Dore Schary told film historian David Bordwell that The Front Page influenced studio writers and directors in the 1930s.<ref>Template:Cite AV media Bordwell asserts this around 11:43 minutes through.</ref> The play popularized the image of American journalists as fast-talking, wisecracking "hard-boiled" types, excessively fond of alcohol and hard living in general, who would go to any lengths to get a story on the front page of their newspapers.<ref name="The Front Page">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The newspapers are modeled on the City News Bureau of Chicago (where MacArthur had worked), Chicago Daily News (where Hecht was a reporter), and William Randolph Hearst's Chicago's American. The character Earl Williams is loosely based on "Terrible" Tommy O'Connor.<ref>"Hecht, Ben (1894-1964)." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Detroit: Gale, 1998. Gale U.S. History In Context. Web. 7 Apr. 2012.</ref> The character of Williams also was at least partially based on the case of Thomas Mooney, a radical leftist sentenced to death on the basis of questionable evidence. Walter Burns is a thinly disguised caricature of Hearst editor Walter Howey.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> The corrupt Mayor of Chicago seems to have been based on William Hale Thompson, who, like the mayor in the play, depended in part upon black voters to stay in office. Commenting on the play's seeming veracity, New York Times theater critic Brooks Atkinson wrote, "The authors and directors have packed an evening with loud, rapid, coarse and unfailing entertainment. No one who has ground his heels in the grime of a police headquarters press room will complain that this argot misrepresents the gentlemen of the press."<ref name=nyt>Template:Cite news</ref>

RevivalsEdit

The play was restaged four more times on Broadway. The 1969–70 revival was the most successful of these. It was produced at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre and starred Robert Ryan and Bert Convy as Burns and Johnson, running for a total of 222 performances.<ref>" The Front Page, 1969" Internet Broadway Database, accessed June 9, 2016</ref> The 1946 revival was directed by Charles MacArthur and ran for 79 performances. The 1986–87 revival was produced at the Vivian Beaumont at Lincoln Center, directed by Jerry Zaks and starred Richard Thomas as Hildy and John Lithgow as Burns. This production ran for 57 performances.<ref>" The Front Page 1986" Internet Broadway Database, accessed June 9, 2016</ref>

A Broadway revival opened at the Broadhurst Theatre, in a limited engagement, starting on September 20, 2016, in previews and officially on October 20. Directed by Jack O'Brien, the cast starred Nathan Lane as Walter Burns, John Slattery as Hildy Johnson, John Goodman as Sheriff Hartman, Jefferson Mays as Bensinger, Holland Taylor as Mrs. Grant, Sherie Rene Scott as Mollie Malloy, Robert Morse as Silas Pinkus, and Christopher McDonald as Murphy. The production received generally good notices, especially for Lane, and became the first show of the season to recoup and turn a profit.<ref>Viagas, Robert and Gans, Andrew. "Extra, Extra: Full Cast and Theatre Announced for Broadway 'Front Page'" Playbill, June 9, 2016</ref><ref>Gans, Andrew. "Starry 'Front Page' Revival Arrives on Broadway Tonight" Playbill, September 20, 2016</ref><ref>Viagas, Robert. See What Critics Thought of Nathan Lane’s Broadway 'Front Page'", Playbill, October 21, 2016</ref> It received two Tony nominations: Best Featured Actor in a Play (Lane) and Best Scenic Design of a Play (Douglas W. Schmidt).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

John Guare's theatrical adaptation of the film His Girl Friday was produced at The La Jolla Playhouse in San Diego, California, in 2013, directed by Christopher Ashley.<ref>" His Girl Friday Press Release lajollaplayhouse.org, accessed June 9, 2016</ref>

AdaptationsEdit

The Front Page has been adapted for film and radio a number of times:

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His Girl Friday and Switching Channels changed the male lead Hildebrand "Hildy" Johnson to women, Hildegaard "Hildy" Johnson and Christy Colleran respectively.<ref name=canby/> John Varley's 1991 science fiction novel Steel Beach takes the story — and the change of sex — to another level; the plot includes a sex-change by a male reporter named Hildy Johnson.

There have also been four television productions, all under the title The Front Page:

  • 1945, in the US;
  • 1948, in the UK;
  • 1949–1950 (see above) in the US as a series on CBS;
  • 1970, in the US

The musical Windy City (book and lyrics by Dick Vosburgh, music by Tony Macaulay) was also based on The Front Page.<ref>Klein, Alvin. "Theater; 'The Front Page' As a Musical" The New York Times, October 20, 1985</ref> It premiered at the Victoria Palace Theatre, London, England on July 20, 1982 and ran for 250 performances.

Additionally, Hecht and MacArthur's story for the 1939 film Gunga Din recycles their basic plot of trying to dissuade someone from leaving his job, in this case Douglas Fairbanks Jr.'s character attempting to resign his post in the British army and comrades Cary Grant and Victor McLaglen conniving to prevent it.

Film critic Leonard Maltin describes the 1940 film Torrid Zone as a 3.5-out-of-4-star “variation on Front Page”.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Set among the highly competitive banana plantations of Central America, it stars James Cagney as the invaluable employee, Pat O'Brien as the amoral boss who will stop at nothing to keep him from leaving, George Tobias as a revolutionary awaiting the firing squad, and Ann Sheridan as love interest, with snappy dialogue provided by Richard Macaulay and Jerry Wald.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The 2013 graphic novel, Nemo: Heart of Ice, by Alan Moore and Kevin O'Neill, has a prose afterword purportedly written by Hildy Johnson, who visits Lincoln Island to write about the wedding of Captain Nemo's granddaughter to the son of Robur the Conqueror.

Awards and nominationEdit

1928 Broadway productionEdit

Year Award Category Nominee Result Ref.
1928
{{safesubst:#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=|preview=Page using Template:Center with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | style }}		 Burns Mantle's The Best Plays of 1928–29 The Front Page Template:Won <ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

1986 Broadway revivalEdit

Year Award Category Nominee Result Ref.
1987
{{safesubst:#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=|preview=Page using Template:Center with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | style }}		 Tony Awards Best Revival Template:Nom
Best Scenic Design Tony Walton Template:Nom
Drama Desk Award Outstanding Set Design Template:Nom <ref>Awards ibdb.com, accessed June 9, 2016</ref>

2016 Broadway revivalEdit

Year Award Category Nominee Result Ref.
2017
{{safesubst:#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=|preview=Page using Template:Center with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | style }}		 Tony Awards Best Featured Actor in a Play Nathan Lane Template:Nom <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

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Best Scenic Design of a Play Douglas W. Schmidt Template:Nom
Drama Desk Award Outstanding Revival of a Play Template:Nom <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Outstanding Featured Actor in a Play Nathan Lane Template:Nom
Outstanding Scenic Design of a Play Douglas W. Schmidt Template:Nom
Outstanding Costume Design of a Play Ann Roth Template:Nom

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

Template:Reflist

External linksEdit

Template:Sister project

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Template:The Front Page Template:Ben Hecht Template:Charles MacArthur

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