Thoth Tarot

File:Thoth Tarot Cards in the Museum of Witchcraft and Magic.jpg

Display of the Thoth tarot cards in a museum

Thoth Tarot is an esoteric tarot deck painted by Lady Frieda Harris according to instructions from Aleister Crowley. Crowley referred to this deck as The Book of Thoth, and also wrote a 1944 book of that title intended for use with the deck.

Background

Crowley originally intended the Thoth deck to be a six-month project aimed at updating the traditional pictorial symbolism of the tarot. However, due to increased scope, the project eventually spanned five years, between 1938 and 1943.Template:Fact

Symbolism

The illustrations of the deck feature symbolism based upon Crowley's incorporation of imagery from many disparate disciplines, including science and philosophy and various occult systems (as described in detail in his The Book of Thoth).Template:Sfnp

Deck variants

As reported in the table below there are six known major versions of the Thoth Tarot with significant differences.

Version	Year	Publisher	Key Differences
Sangreal		Simpson Printing Company	First printed version with blue ink on the front and red ink on the back
A1	1967	Llewellyn	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
A2	1969	Llewellyn	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
B	1969	Weiser	Introduce the Ordo Templi Orientis white playing card<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
C (Green)	1978	U.S. Games Systems	Add the black Thelema Unicursal hexagram card, border around cards art and symbols on Major Arcana cards<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
D (Blue)	1978	U.S. Games Systems	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Differences from the Rider–Waite Tarot

Order and names of trumps

Crowley renamed several of the trumps compared to earlier arrangements, and also re-arranged the numerical, astrological and Hebrew alphabet correspondences of 4 trumps compared to the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn's inner order deck in accordance with the Tarot of Marseilles, his 1904 book The Book of the Law (Liber AL vel Legis) and its "New Commentary."Template:Sfnp In the "New Commentary" and The Book of Thoth, Crowley demonstrates that his trump arrangement forms a double loop in the zodiac-number and letter-number correspondences compared to the Golden Dawn deck, where there is no loop.Template:Sfnp

Crowley's double loop in the zodiac

Number	Sign	Letter	Name
IV	Aquarius	Tzaddi	The Emperor
VIII	Libra	Lamed	Adjustment
XI	Leo	Tet	Lust
XVII	Aries	Heh	The Star

Rider–Waite card	Thoth equivalent
I: The Magician	I: The Magus
II: The High Priestess	II: The Priestess
VIII: Strength	XI: Lust
X: Wheel of Fortune	X: Fortune
XI: Justice	VIII: Adjustment
XIV: Temperance	XIV: Art
XX: Judgement	XX: The Æon
XXI: The World	XXI: The Universe

Names of court cards

Crowley accepted the Golden Dawn's changed names of all the court cards which can cause some confusion for people used to the more common decks. Specially since he changed the structure of the court cards, while each of the places retains much of the original meanings, there are subtle differences. The typical corresponding names are as follows:Template:Sfnp

Traditional Court Card Name	Thoth Deck Court Card Name
King	Knight
Queen	Queen
Knight	Prince
Page	Princess

Minor Arcana

Wands

Number	Sign	Decan	Ruler of Decan	Name
1				The Root of the Powers of Fire
2	Aries	1st	Mars	Dominion
3	Aries	2nd	Sun	Virtue
4	Aries	3rd	Venus	Completion
5	Leo	1st	Saturn	Strife
6	Leo	2nd	Jupiter	Victory
7	Leo	3rd	Mars	Valour
8	Sagittarius	1st	Mercury	Swiftness
9	Sagittarius	2nd	Moon	Strength
10	Sagittarius	3rd	Saturn	Oppression

Cups

Number	Sign	Decan	Ruler of Decan	Name
1				The Root of the Powers of Water
2	Cancer	1st	Venus	Love
3	Cancer	2nd	Mercury	Abundance
4	Cancer	3rd	Moon	Luxury
5	Scorpio	1st	Mars	Disappointment
6	Scorpio	2nd	Sun	Pleasure
7	Scorpio	3rd	Venus	Debauch
8	Pisces	1st	Saturn	Indolence
9	Pisces	2nd	Jupiter	Happiness
10	Pisces	3rd	Mars	Satiety

Swords

Number	Sign	Decan	Ruler of Decan	Name
1				The Root of the Powers of Air
2	Libra	1st	Moon	Peace
3	Libra	2nd	Saturn	Sorrow
4	Libra	3rd	Jupiter	Truce
5	Aquarius	1st	Venus	Defeat
6	Aquarius	2nd	Mercury	Science
7	Aquarius	3rd	Moon	Futility
8	Gemini	1st	Jupiter	Interference
9	Gemini	2nd	Mars	Cruelty
10	Gemini	3rd	Sun	Ruin

Disks

Number	Sign	Decan	Ruler of Decan	Name
1				The Root of the Powers of Earth
2	Capricorn	1st	Jupiter	Change
3	Capricorn	2nd	Mars	Works
4	Capricorn	3rd	Sun	Power
5	Taurus	1st	Mercury	Worry
6	Taurus	2nd	Moon	Success
7	Taurus	3rd	Saturn	Failure
8	Virgo	1st	Sun	Prudence
9	Virgo	2nd	Venus	Gain
10	Virgo	3rd	Mercury	Wealth

Restoration of original artwork

Harris' renditions of the tarot are on watercolor paper affixed to a thick backing; the acidity of the backing, according to a report from 2006, resulted in discoloration of borders, and to some extent, the paintings themselves. The paintings also required cleaning and the repair of small tears. A conservation plan called for cleaning the surfaces, the removal of backing (while retaining original inscriptions), reuse of the hand-painted window mats, and replacement of overlays with acid-free, museum-quality paper. The project was completed in 2011.Template:Sfnp The paintings are stored by the Warburg Institute; work was completed by the Institute's in-house specialist, Susan Campion.

See also

• I Ching divination

References

Works cited

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Further reading

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