Throne (angel)
In Christian angelology, thrones (Template:Langx, pl. θρόνοι; Template:Langx, pl. throni) are a class of angels. This is based on an interpretation of Template:Bibleverse.<ref>"For by him were all things created, that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers: all things were created by him, and for him".</ref> According to 1 Peter 3:21–22, Christ had gone to Heaven and "angels and authorities and powers" had been made subject to him.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite in his work De Coelesti Hierarchia includes the thrones as the third highest of nine levels of angels.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
According to the Second Book of Enoch, thrones are seen by Enoch in the Seventh Heaven.<ref>Rutherford H. Platt, Jr. (1926). The Lost Books of the Bible and the Forgotten Books of Eden. Entry: The Book of the Secrets of Enoch, chapter XX.</ref>
Christian angelologyEdit
According to Matthew Bunson, the corresponding order of angels in Judaism is called the abalim or erelim,<ref name="Bunson">Bunson, Matthew. Angels A to Z. New York: Crown Trade Paperbacks, 1996. Template:ISBN.</ref> but this opinion is far from universal. The Hebrew word erelim is usually not translated "thrones", but rather "valiant ones", "heroes", or "warriors".Template:Citation needed The function ascribed to erelim in Template:Bibleref2 and in Jewish folklore<ref>Louis Ginzberg: Legends of the Jews 5:23, n. 64; 5:417, n. 117.</ref> is not consistent with the lore surrounding the thrones.
Thrones are sometimes equated with ophanim since the throne of God is usually depicted as being moved by wheels, as in the vision of Template:Bibleverse (Old Testament). Rosemary Ellen Guiley (1996: p. 37) states that:
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See alsoEdit
NotesEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Bunson, Matthew. Angels A to Z. New York: Crown Trade Paperbacks, 1996. Template:ISBN.
- Gulley, Rosemary Ellen (1996). Encyclopedia of Angels. Template:ISBN.
External linksEdit
Template:Christian angelic hierarchy Template:Angels in Abrahamic religions