Tina Fey
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Elizabeth Stamatina "Tina" Fey (Template:IPAc-en; born May 18, 1970) is an American actress, comedian, writer, and producer. Known for her comedic roles in sketch comedy, television and film, Fey has received numerous accolades, including nine Primetime Emmy Awards and three Golden Globe Awards as well as nominations for a Grammy Award and a Tony Award. She appeared on the Time 100 list of the 100 most influential people in the world in both 2007 and 2009 and was awarded the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor in 2010.
Fey broke into comedy as a featured player in the Chicago-based improvisational comedy group The Second City. She joined the NBC sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live from 1997 to 2006 where she served as a head writer, a performer, and co-anchor of Weekend Update. She later returned to the show portraying a satirical version of 2008 Republican vice presidential candidate Sarah Palin in subsequent guest appearances. She gained acclaim for creating and starring as Liz Lemon in the NBC sitcom 30 Rock (2006–2013) which earned her several accolades including the Primetime Emmy Award, two Golden Globe Awards and four Screen Actors Guild Awards for Best Actress in a Comedy Series.
She later created several shows including the Netflix sitcom Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt (2015–2020), the NBC sitcom Mr. Mayor (2021–2022), and the Netflix comedy-drama series The Four Seasons (2025), and executive produced the Peacock series Girls5eva (2021–2024). Fey and Amy Poehler co-hosted the Golden Globe Awards four times in the years 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2021 as well as SNL in 2015 the latter of which earned them a Primetime Emmy Award. On film, Fey has acted in Mean Girls (2004), Baby Mama (2008), Date Night (2010), Megamind (2010), Admission (2013), Muppets Most Wanted (2014), Sisters (2015), Whiskey Tango Foxtrot (2016), Wine Country (2019), and Soul (2020).
She released her memoir, Bossypants (2011), which topped The New York Times Best Seller list for five weeks and garnered her a Grammy Award nomination. Fey also created the musical adaptation Mean Girls, which premiered on Broadway in 2018, and earned her a Tony Award nomination. She later adapted the stage production into a 2024 musical film of the same name.
Early life and educationEdit
Elizabeth Stamatina Fey was born on May 18, 1970,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="PeopleBio">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> in Upper Darby Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania. Her father, Donald Henry Fey (1933-2015), was a veteran of the Korean War, university administrator for the University of Pennsylvania and Thomas Jefferson University, and a grant proposal writer who raised $500 million for schools, hospitals, and public service agencies through proposals and direct mail appeals. Following her father's death, Fey established a scholarship fund in his name at his alma mater, Temple University, to support war veterans studying journalism.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="grounded" /><ref>Willard, Chris. (December 1, 2008) Tina Fey Reveals Trauma Behind Her Scar . People.com. Retrieved on April 10, 2012.</ref><ref name="times n jmuko">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Her mother, Zenobia "Jeanne" (Template:Née Xenakes 1930- 2024),<ref name="grounded">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Ref_">Template:Cite episode</ref> was born in Piraeus, Greece. She worked professionally as a brokerage employee.<ref name="heffernan">Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Fey's maternal grandmother, Vasiliki Kourelakou, left the Greek village of Petrina, Laconia, on her own and arrived in the United States in February 1921.<ref name="findroots">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Fey's maternal grandfather, Constantine Xenakes, was from the village of Panagia on the Greek island of Ikaria.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Fey's father had English, German and Scots-Irish ancestry; one of her paternal ancestors was John Hewson, an English textile manufacturer who emigrated to the United States with the support of Benjamin Franklin, enabling Hewson to open a quilting factory in the Kensington neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.<ref name="findroots"/> According to a genealogical DNA test arranged by the television series Finding Your Roots, Fey's ancestry is 94% European, 3% Middle Eastern, and 3% from the Caucasus.<ref name="findroots"/> She has a brother, Peter, who is eight years older.<ref name="grounded" /><ref name="Ref_2004">Template:Cite news</ref>
Fey describes encountering comedy early:
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At age 11, Fey read Joe Franklin's Seventy Years of Great Film Comedians for a school project about comedy. She grew up watching Second City Television and has cited Catherine O'Hara as a role model.<ref name="Levine2007">Template:Cite news</ref>
Fey went by the nickname "Tina" at an early age.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> She attended Cardington-Stonehurst Elementary School and Beverly Hills Middle School in Upper Darby.<ref name="walloffame">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> By middle school, she knew she was interested in comedy.<ref name="avclub">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Fey attended Upper Darby High School, where she was an honors student,<ref name="stein"/> a member of the choir, drama club, and tennis team, and co-editor of the school's newspaper, The Acorn.<ref name="stein">Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref name="spitznagel">Template:Cite news</ref> She anonymously wrote the newspaper's satirical column, The Colonel.<ref name="Dunn2008">Template:Cite news</ref> Following her graduation in 1988,<ref name="walloffame" /><ref name="Ref_2004a">Template:Cite news</ref> Fey enrolled at the University of Virginia (UVA), where she studied playwriting and acting and was awarded the Pettway Prize.<ref name="kaplan">Template:Cite news</ref> During her time at UVA, she was a member of Delta Zeta Sorority and the student-led theater organization, First Year Players.<ref name="Grutzik 2023">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She graduated in 1992 with a Bachelor of Arts, with a major in drama.<ref name="queen">Template:Cite news</ref>
CareerEdit
Career beginningsEdit
After college, Fey moved to Chicago. She worked as a receptionist during the day at the YMCA in Evanston, Illinois, and took performance classes at the improvisational comedy troupe The Second City at night.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Fey started doing gigs at Improv Olympic where she first worked with pianist Jeff Richmond, her future husband and collaborator. Both Fey and Richmond got jobs at Second City. Fey appeared in "the legendary revue 'Paradigm Lost', alongside the likes of Rachel Dratch, Kevin Dorff, Scott Adsit, Jenna Jolovitz and Jim Zulevic."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Saturday Night Live (1997–2006)Edit
While performing shows with The Second City<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> in 1997, Fey submitted several scripts to NBC's variety show Saturday Night Live, at the request of its head writer Adam McKay, a former performer at Second City.<ref name="heffernan" /> She was hired as a writer<ref name="Levin2001">Template:Cite journal</ref> following a meeting with SNL creator Lorne Michaels, and moved from Chicago to New York.<ref name="observer">Template:Cite news</ref> Fey told The New Yorker, "I'd had my eye on the show forever, the way other kids have their eye on Derek Jeter."<ref name="heffernan" /> Originally, Fey "struggled" at SNL.<ref name="observer" /> Her first sketch to air starred Chris Farley in a Sally Jessy Raphael satire.<ref name="observer" /> Fey went on to write a series of parodies, including one of ABC's morning talk show The View.<ref name="skewers">Template:Cite news</ref> She co-wrote the "Sully and Denise" sketches with Rachel Dratch,<ref name="observer" /> who plays one of the teens.<ref name="skewers" />
Fey was an extra in a 1998 episode,<ref name="Booth2004">Template:Cite news</ref> and after watching herself, decided to diet<ref name="vogue">Template:Cite journal</ref> and lost 30 pounds. She told The New York Times, "I was a completely normal weight, but I was here in New York City, I had money and I couldn't buy any clothes. After I lost weight, there was interest in putting me on camera."<ref name="witchel">Template:Cite news</ref> In 1999, McKay stepped down as head writer, which led Michaels to approach Fey for the position.<ref name="observer" /> She became SNLTemplate:'s first female head writer.<ref name="Ref_2000" /> In January 2001, she appeared on an episode of Real World/Road Rules Extreme Challenge as a judge of a comedy-based mission.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In 2000, Fey began performing in sketches,<ref name="heffernan" /> and she and Jimmy Fallon became co-anchors of SNLTemplate:'s Weekend Update segment.<ref name="Ref_2000">Template:Cite news</ref> Fey said she did not ask to audition, but that Michaels approached her.<ref name="vogue" /><ref name="ew">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Michaels explained that there was chemistry between Fey and Fallon,<ref name="ew" /> though he felt the decision was "kind of risky" at the time.<ref name="rk">Template:Cite news</ref> Her role in Weekend Update was well received by critics. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly wrote: "Fey delivers such blow darts – poison filled jokes written in long, precisely parsed sentences unprecedented in [Weekend Update] history – with such a bright, sunny countenance makes her all the more devilishly delightful."<ref name="Tucker2001">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Dennis Miller, a former cast member of SNL and anchor of Weekend Update, was pleased with Fey as one of the anchors: "Fey might be the best Weekend Update anchor who ever did it. She writes the funniest jokes."<ref name="Winters2003">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Robert Bianco of USA Today, however, commented that he was "not enamored" of the pairing.<ref name="Bianco2001">Template:Cite news</ref>
In 2001, Fey and the rest of the writing staff won a Writers Guild of America Award for SNLTemplate:'s 25th anniversary special.<ref name="heffernan" /> The following year at the 2002 Emmy Awards ceremony, they won the Emmy for Outstanding Writing for a Variety, Music or Comedy Program.<ref name="Neil2008">Template:Cite news</ref>
When Fallon left the show in May 2004, he was replaced on Weekend Update by Amy Poehler.<ref name="red eye">Template:Cite journal</ref> It was the first time that two women co-anchored Weekend Update.<ref name="Kennedy2004">Template:Cite news</ref> Fey revealed that she "hired" Poehler as her co-host for the segment.<ref name="salon">Template:Cite news</ref> The reception was positive, with Rachel Sklar of the Chicago Tribune noting that the pairing "has been a hilarious, pitch-perfect success as they play off each other with quick one-liners and deadpan delivery".<ref name="red eye" />
The 2005–2006 season was her last; she departed to develop 30 Rock for Broadway Video.<ref name="Klatell2006">Template:Cite news</ref> At the time she left, the 117 episodes she co-hosted made her SNLTemplate:'s longest-serving Weekend Update anchor, a mark that would later be passed by her replacement, Seth Meyers. In Rolling StoneTemplate:'s February 2015 appraisal of all 141 SNL cast members to date, Fey was ranked third in importance (behind John Belushi and Eddie Murphy). They credited her with "salvaging [Weekend Update] from a decade-long losing streak", and "slapping SNL out of its late-nineties coma."<ref name="Rolling Stone 1229, p. 32">Rolling Stone, issue 1229, February 26, 2015, p. 32.</ref>
30 Rock (2006–2013, 2020)Edit
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In 2002, Fey suggested a pilot episode for a situation comedy about a cable news network to NBC, which rejected it. The pilot was reworked to revolve around an SNL style series, and was accepted by NBC.<ref name="Poniewozik2006">Template:Cite magazine</ref> She signed a contract with NBC in May 2003, which allowed her to continue in her position within SNL as head writer at least through the 2004–2005 television season. As part of the contract, Fey was to develop a prime-time project to be produced by Broadway Video and NBC Universal.<ref name="dev_2">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="newyorker">Template:Cite magazine</ref> The pilot, directed by Adam Bernstein,<ref name="Ref_b">Template:Cite episode</ref> centered on Liz Lemon (Fey), the head writer of a variety show on NBC, and how she managed her relationships with the show's volatile stars and the new head of the network.<ref name="dev_3">Template:Cite news</ref> In October 2006, the pilot aired on NBC as 30 Rock. Although the episode received generally favorable reviews,<ref name="Allan2007">Template:Cite news</ref> it finished third in its time slot.<ref name="Kissell2006">Template:Cite news</ref>
In 2007, Fey received an Emmy Award<ref>Tina Fey Emmy Award Winner Template:Webarchive. Emmys.com (August 29, 2010). Retrieved on April 10, 2012.</ref> nomination for Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series.<ref name="Gold2009">Template:Cite news</ref> The show itself won the 2007 Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Comedy Series (and did so again for two subsequent years).<ref name="Kronfeld2007">Template:Cite news</ref> In 2008, she won the Golden Globe,<ref name="golden globes">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Screen Actors Guild,<ref name="Germain2008">Template:Cite news</ref> and Emmy awards all in the category for Best Actress in a Comedy Series.<ref name="Silverman2008">Template:Cite news</ref> The following year, Fey again won the Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Award in the same categories,<ref name="golden globes" /><ref name="Ref_2009a">Template:Cite news</ref> and was nominated for an Emmy Award.<ref name="Neil2009">Template:Cite news</ref> In early 2010, Fey received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress,<ref name="Van2010">Template:Cite news</ref> and won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Lead Actress.<ref name="Puig2010">Template:Cite news</ref> 30 Rock returned for the 2011–2012 season, though due to Fey's pregnancy with her second child, the season premiere was delayed until midseason.<ref>"The Uncertain Future for 30 Rock" Template:Webarchive May 16, 2011, The Atlantic Magazine</ref>
Fey's performance on the show was inspired by Julia Louis-Dreyfus,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and later used Louis-Dreyfus to play the stand-in for the character of Liz Lemon in flashback scenes during the live episode "Live Show" of the fifth season. After receiving 13 Emmy Award nominations and two wins for the final season, 30 Rock ended its run with 112 Emmy Award nominations. It has been cited as one of the greatest TV series of all time<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and it is considered to have one of the greatest finales in television history.<ref name="hitfixreview">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="IndieWireReview">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="HuffingtonPostReview">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The show returned for a remotely produced hourlong special which aired on July 16, 2020.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
On June 23, 2020, Fey apologized for episodes of 30 Rock where characters appeared in blackface. The episodes, which originally aired in seasons three, five, and six, were removed from streaming services and are no longer shown in re-runs. In her apology, Fey wrote: <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />
As we strive to do the work and do better in regards to race in America, we believe that these episodes featuring actors in race-changing make-up are best taken out of circulation.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>{{#if:|{{#if:|}}
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Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt (2015–2020)Edit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} In 2015, Fey created and produced the television comedy Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt with fellow 30 Rock-alumnus Robert Carlock. The series stars Ellie Kemper as the titular character who escapes from a doomsday cult and moves to New York City. It also stars Fey's former co-star Jane Krakowski, as well as Tituss Burgess (who had previously appeared in four 30 Rock episodes) and Carol Kane. Although it was originally produced for NBC, it was eventually sold to Netflix and renewed for a second season.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The show premiered on March 6, 2015, to critical acclaim.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
On July 16, 2015, the series was nominated for seven Primetime Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Comedy Series. Fey was nominated both as the creator/executive producer of the series and for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series for her guest performance as Marcia, a bumbling prosecutor in reference to Marcia Clark.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In the second season, Fey joined the cast in the role of Kimmy's psychiatrist Andrea Bayden, a role she reprised for season three.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The season, along with the subsequent two seasons, were nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series, among other nominations.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The fourth and final season concluded on January 25, 2019.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
On May 8, 2019, it was announced that the series would return with an interactive special, which premiered on May 12, 2020.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The special was released to positive reviews from critics and earned a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Feature filmsEdit
In 2002, Fey appeared in the surreal comedy Martin & Orloff.<ref name="Drucker2005">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She made her debut as writer and co-star of the 2004 teen comedy Mean Girls. Characters and behaviors in the film are based on Fey's high school life at Upper Darby High School<ref name="Otto2004">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and on the non-fiction book Queen Bees and Wannabes by Rosalind Wiseman.<ref name="Grimm2004">Template:Cite news</ref> The cast includes other past cast members of SNL including Tim Meadows, Ana Gasteyer, and Amy Poehler. The film received favorable reviews,<ref name="Ref_d">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and was a box office success, grossing US$129 million worldwide.<ref name="earnings" />
In a 2004 interview, Fey expressed a desire to write and direct films.<ref name="stein" /> In 2006, Fey worked on a script for Paramount Pictures, which was to feature Sacha Baron Cohen, by the name of Curly Oxide and Vic Thrill, based loosely on the true story of a Hasidic rock musician.<ref name="Freydkin2006">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="nytimesbid">Template:Cite news</ref> In 2007, she was cast in the animated comedy film Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters as the Aqua Teens' mother, a giant burrito.<ref name="Piccalo2007">Template:Cite news</ref>
She received her SAG card after appearing in Artie Lange's Beer League released in 2006, in which she was compelled to join for "a thousand dollars".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Fey and former SNL castmate Amy Poehler starred in the 2008 comedy Baby Mama. The film was written and directed by Michael McCullers. The plot concerns Kate (Fey), a business woman, who wants a child but, discovering she has only a million-to-one chance of getting pregnant, decides to find a surrogate: Angie (Poehler), an obnoxious schemer.<ref name="Schwarzbaum2008">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Baby Mama received mixed reviews, but critics enjoyed Fey's performance.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Todd McCarthy of Variety wrote: "Fey is a delight to watch throughout. Able to convey Kate's intentions and feelings through the simple looks and inflections, she never melodramatizes her situation; nor does her efficient, perfectionist side become overbearing."<ref name="McCarthy2008">Template:Cite news</ref> The movie grossed over US$64 million at the box office.<ref name="earnings" />
Fey's projects after 2008 include a voice role in the English-language version of the Japanese animated film Ponyo.<ref name="Turan2009">Template:Cite journal</ref> In 2009, she appeared in The Invention of Lying.<ref name="Ref_2009c">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> Her next film role was in Shawn Levy's 2010 comedy Date Night,<ref name="grosz">Template:Cite news</ref> a feature that focuses on a married couple, played by Fey and Steve Carell, who go on a date; however, the night goes awry for the two.<ref name="Ref_2009d">Template:Cite news</ref> Also in the same year, she voiced Roxanne "Roxie" Ritchi, a television reporter, in the DreamWorks animated film Megamind (2010).<ref name="Ebert2010">Template:Cite news</ref> With a total worldwide gross of US$321 million, Megamind is Fey's most commercially successful picture to date. It earned US$173 million outside the U.S. and US$148 million domestically.<ref name="earnings">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In 2013, Fey starred alongside Paul Rudd in the romantic comedy-drama film Admission, based on the Jean Hanff Korelitz novel by the same name. The film was directed by Paul Weitz.<ref name="autogenerated1">Tina Fey and Paul Rudd to Spark Romance in 'Admission' Adaptation Template:Webarchive. FirstShowing.net (March 14, 2012). Retrieved on April 10, 2012.</ref> Fey later starred in the 2014 comedy-drama This Is Where I Leave You, helmed by Date Night director Shawn Levy. As was the case with Baby Mama, although both of these films received generally mixed reviews, Fey's performances were well received by film critics.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In 2015, it was announced Fey would be the narrator for the Disneynature film Monkey Kingdom, which was released in theaters on April 17, 2015.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She again worked with Poehler, starring in the 2015 comedy film Sisters as the title characters, and received positive reviews for her role. In 2016, Fey starred in the biographical war comedy-drama Whiskey Tango Foxtrot, based on the memoir The Taliban Shuffle: Strange Days in Afghanistan and Pakistan, to mixed reviews, with some criticizing the whitewashing of characters of color in the film.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Fey dedicated the film to her late father, Don Fey, a veteran, writer, university administrator, and firefighter.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Fey had a supporting role in the comedy film Wine Country, longtime collaborator Amy Poehler's directorial debut, which was released on Netflix in 2019.<ref name="winecountry">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In August 2019, it was announced that Fey would voice 22, the co-lead role in the Pixar fantasy comedy adventure film Soul, which was released on Disney+ in December 2020 to critical acclaim.<ref name="soul">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The film went on to receive three Academy Award nominations, including a win for Best Animated Feature.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> For her performance, Fey won the Critics' Choice Super Award for Best Voice Actress in an Animated Movie.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In 2023, Fey starred alongside Jon Hamm in the black comedy film Maggie Moore(s), directed by John Slattery.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> That same year, she starred as the fictional novelist Ariadne Oliver in Kenneth Branagh's mystery film A Haunting in Venice, his third featuring Hercule Poirot and based on Agatha Christie novels. Fey was a part of the ensemble, alongside Michelle Yeoh and Jamie Dornan.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In 2024, Fey wrote, produced, and starred in the musical comedy film Mean Girls. It is an adaptation of the stage musical Mean Girls, itself based on the original film she wrote and starred in. Fey reprised her role as Ms. Sharon Norbury in the film.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Subsequent SNL appearancesEdit
Template:See also On February 23, 2008, Fey hosted the first episode of SNL after the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike.<ref name="Ref_2008b">Template:Cite news</ref> For this appearance, she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award in the category of Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program.<ref name="Ref_2008c">Template:Cite news</ref> Fey hosted SNL for a second time on April 10, 2010, and for her appearance she received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series.<ref name="Porter2010">Template:Cite news</ref>
From September to November 2008, Fey made multiple guest appearances on SNL to perform a series of parodies of Republican vice-presidential candidate Sarah Palin. On the 34th-season premiere episode, aired September 13, 2008, Fey imitated Palin in a sketch, alongside Amy Poehler as Hillary Clinton. Their repartee included Clinton needling Palin about her "Tina Fey glasses".<ref name="Pilkington2008">Template:Cite news</ref> The sketch quickly became NBC's most-watched viral video, with 5.7 million views by the following Wednesday.<ref name="Roberts2010">Template:Cite news</ref> Fey reprised this role on the show of October 4,<ref name="NYTimes">Template:Cite news</ref> on the show of October 18 where she was joined by the real Sarah Palin, and on the show of November 1, where she was joined by John McCain and his wife Cindy. The show of October 18 had the best ratings of any SNL show since 1994.<ref name="Holmwood2008">Template:Cite news</ref> The following year Fey won an Emmy in the category of Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series for her impersonation of Palin.<ref name="Ref_2009b">Template:Cite news</ref> Fey returned to SNL in April 2010, and reprised her impression of Palin in one sketch titled the "Sarah Palin Network".<ref name="Blas2010">Template:Cite news</ref> Fey once again did her impression of Palin when she hosted Saturday Night Live on May 8, 2011.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> She hosted again on September 28, 2013.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Fey returned to host on December 19, 2015, for which she won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Her most recent hosting appearance was on May 19, 2018, during which she revived her Sarah Palin impression.
She served as one of the presenters on the December 18, 2021, episode hosted by Paul Rudd, in an emergency restructuring of the episode due to a surge in cases of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. This included her doing Weekend Update with incumbent co-anchor Michael Che.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
In December 2009, Entertainment Weekly put her Palin impersonation on its end-of-the-decade "best-of" list, writing, "Fey's freakishly spot-on SNL impersonation of the wannabe VP (and her ability to strike a balance between comedy and cruelty) made for truly transcendent television."<ref name="Geier2009">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Rolling Stone called her Palin impression "[arguably] the most brilliant move SNL ever made".<ref name="Rolling Stone 1229, p. 32"/>
Other workEdit
In 1997, Fey and other members of The Second City provided voices for the pinball game Medieval Madness.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In 1999, Fey and Amy Poehler provided voices for the video game Deer Avenger 2: Deer in the City.<ref name="deerhunter">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In 2000, Fey partnered with fellow SNL cast member Rachel Dratch in the Off Broadway two-woman show Dratch & Fey at the Upright Citizens Brigade Theater in New York City.<ref name="wsj">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Watson2000">Template:Cite news</ref> The production was well received by critics.<ref name="pw">Template:Cite news</ref> Tim Townsend of The Wall Street Journal wrote that the fun part of watching Fey and Dratch perform was "seeing how comfortable they are with each other".<ref name="wsj" /> He concluded that the production "isn't about two women being funny ... Dratch and Fey are just funny. Period."<ref name="wsj" /> One of the SNL sketches, "Sully and Denise", originated at The Second City.<ref name="observer" />
In 2001, Fey formed the television production company Little Stranger with longtime collaborator Eric Gurian. It produces many projects Fey is featured in, including the sitcoms 30 Rock and Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
On August 13, 2007, Fey made a guest appearance in the Sesame Street episode "The Bookaneers".<ref name="Walsh2007">Template:Cite news</ref> She appeared as a guest judge on the November 25, 2007, episode of the Food Network program Iron Chef America.<ref name="Ref_c">Template:Cite episode</ref>
Fey has appeared as Tinker Bell in Disney's campaign "Year of a Million Dreams".<ref name="Ref_2008a">Template:Cite press release</ref> She has also done commercials for American Express and Garnier Nutrisse.<ref name="Freydkin2008">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Tina Fey Fan – TinaFeyFan.com – Your #1 resource for everything Tina Fey Template:Webarchive. Tinafeyfan.com (January 31, 2012). Retrieved on April 10, 2012.</ref><ref>Tina Fey For Garnier Nutrisse Mousse Hair Colour Template:Webarchive. Bellasugar.com.au (August 3, 2012). Retrieved on April 10, 2012.</ref> Fey also had guest voice roles in the animated comedy series SpongeBob SquarePants and Phineas and Ferb.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
On April 5, 2011, Fey's autobiography, Bossypants, was released to a positive review from The New York Times.<ref name="Maslin2011">Template:Cite news</ref> Critic Janet Maslin reviewed the book, saying that "Bossypants isn't a memoir. It's a spiky blend of humor, introspection, critical thinking and Nora Ephron-isms for a new generation."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In 2011, Fey narrated The Secret Life of Girls, a two-hour-long radio documentary produced by The Kitchen Sisters. She introduced stories of women and girls from around the world, and also shared memories of her own girlhood and mother.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In 2012, Fey made her rapping debut on the Childish Gambino (Donald Glover) mixtape Royalty. Glover is a former writer on 30 Rock, on which he worked with Fey.<ref name="FeyRapRoyalty">Template:Cite magazine</ref> That same year, Fey was featured as herself in the episode "iShock America" of the Nickelodeon teen sitcom iCarly.<ref name="FeyFallonIcarly">Template:Cite magazine</ref>
On January 13, 2013, Fey hosted the 70th Golden Globe Awards with Amy Poehler, to critical acclaim.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The duo hosted again in 2014 and 2015, generating the highest ratings for the annual ceremony in a decade and receiving similar acclaim.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In 2015, Fey guest starred in the Comedy Central variety sketch series Inside Amy Schumer, alongside Julia Louis-Dreyfus and Patricia Arquette.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 2016, she had guest roles in the NBC variety series Maya & Marty and the Hulu dark comedy series Difficult People.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In 2017, Fey recurred as Diana St. Tropez on the NBC sitcom Great News, which she co-executive produced.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Also in 2017, Fey adapted Mean Girls into a musical of the same name. It opened on Broadway in 2018, receiving twelve Tony Award nominations, including a nomination for Best Book of a Musical for Fey.<ref>"Check Here for the 2018 Tony Award Nominations" Template:Webarchive Playbill. Retrieved May 1, 2018.</ref> In January 2020, producers of the stage musical announced that it was being adapted as a feature film by Paramount Pictures.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Fey co-created, wrote and executive produced the NBC sitcom Mr. Mayor, starring Ted Danson and Holly Hunter.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The series premiered in January 2021.<ref name="SeriesPremiere">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In February 2021, Fey returned to co-host the 78th Golden Globe Awards with Amy Poehler, for the first ever bi-coastal show. Fey was broadcast live from the Rainbow Room in New York City and Poehler from the usual venue at The Beverly Hilton in Los Angeles.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Fey executive produced the Peacock musical comedy series Girls5eva, which premiered in May 2021 to critical acclaim.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She additionally guest starred in an episode of the series as Dolly Parton.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> Also in 2021, Fey began a recurring role as Cinda Canning, a true crime podcaster, in the Hulu mystery comedy series Only Murders in the Building.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In the same year, Fey reprised her role as 22 in the short film 22 vs. Earth.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>
In March 2020, Netflix announced a 20-episode order for the animated sitcom Mulligan, with Fey as executive producer alongside frequent collaborators Sam Means and Robert Carlock.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She also voiced the character of Dr. Farrah Braun in the series, which premiered in May 2023.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Comedic and acting styleEdit
Fey is known for her deadpan humor and delivery;<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> her "sardonic wit" has become a professional trademark,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> upon which several critics have commented in their reviews of Fey's work.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> According to Los Angeles Times critic Mary McNamara, Fey "project[s] both oblivious security and hyper-alert insecurity with the same expression" in her performances,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> while The ChronicleTemplate:'s Dillon Fernando wrote that the actress specializes in "delectable, situational and ironic comedy".<ref name=":0" /> On Fey's comedic prowess, Saturday Night Live creator Lorne Michaels enthused that his former employee "has a very clear take on things ... It always comes from a place of intelligence and there is just an edge to it."<ref name=":3">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Michaels concluded, "It's not fearful. It's strong and confident and you recognise the voice and most of the time you agree with it."<ref name=":3" /> Writing for The Guardian, Christopher Goodwin believes that Fey "fashioned her comic persona around her glasses", which she has worn since 1995; Fey joked that "Glasses make anyone look smarter."<ref name=":3" />
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Seldom hesitating to use herself as the butt of her own jokes,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Fey is also well known for practicing self-deprecating humor,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> as demonstrated throughout her performance as Liz Lemon in 30 Rock.<ref name=":1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> In an article ranking Fey's six greatest jokes, David Renshaw of The Guardian wrote that the performer's work continues to feature her "trademark mix of snark, self-deprecation, and pop-culture smarts."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Fey's self-deprecating comedic style inspired Ashley Fetters of The Atlantic to recognize her as comedian Phyllis Diller's successor because of their similar humor.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Critics have been divided in their opinions and discussions of Fey's use of self-deprecating humor, and its effect on women as a female comic; while blogger Kate Harding disapproved of Fey's performance in 30 Rock because "I'm torn between being sad that she apparently doesn't see [beauty] in herself and being pissed off that she's reinforcing the idea that having brown hair, glasses, and a figure that's maybe a size 2 instead of a 0 actually equals ugly", Jessica G. of Jezebel defended the actress, writing that Fey's performance is "supposed to be parodying precisely the kinds of media that reinforce ideas that unconventional women are unworthy."<ref name=":1"/> Writing that Harding misunderstood Fey's intentions, the author concluded that her self-deprecation "is precisely what makes her relatable", elaborating that "[women] have many moments of self-doubt, and seeing someone as successful as Tina Fey be self-deprecating gives us all permission to be imperfect."<ref name=":1"/> Sophie Caldecott of Verily defended Fey's modesty and tendency to downplay her own physical appearance: "She mocks her own appearance, sure, but she does so in a way that consistently shows up our culture for placing so much importance on how women look, as if that's the most interesting thing about us ... Her comic persona on 30 Rock, Liz Lemon, can be laughed at for many things, but her career managerial style and ability is not one of them."<ref name=":4">Template:Cite news</ref> Caldecott concluded, "In reality, self-deprecation is an art that comedians everywhere dabble in ... In fact, I defy you to find a good male comedian who isn't a master of self-deprecation. Comedians make fun of themselves for many reasons, mostly because it is the most readily accessible source of inspiration but also because it is the most generous one."<ref name=":4" /> Observing that Fey's material lacks "whining", Gina Barreca of the Hartford Courant wrote that Fey's comedy "is not simply an iteration of self-deprecating femininity passing itself off as humor. In itself, this demarcates the current generation of female humorists from earlier generations of performers who were told, more or less, to use themselves not as a sounding board for ideas but as a punching bag for insults."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Fey has also garnered criticism for being politically incorrect, but she defends her right to write borderline jokes, saying that she has chosen to "opt out" of the culture of demanding apologies.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
As an actress, Fey has developed a reputation for portraying "the hilarious, self-deprecating unmarried career woman" in most of her films to-date.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The Boston GlobeTemplate:'s Janice Paige defended her limited filmography by writing that, unlike most film actors, Fey remains "realistic about her range as a leading lady and says she's been deliberate about only taking on parts for which she actually seems suited."<ref name=":2" /> Fey explained that she approaches each role asking herself, "Would I be plausible in this role, in this job?"<ref name=":2" /> However, her role as Kate Ellis in 2015's Sisters provided Fey with an opportunity to stray from playing the type-A female characters for which she has become known.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The New York Times film critic A. O. Scott wrote, "We're used to seeing Ms. Fey ... as an anxious overthinker using her caustic sarcasm as a weapon against both her own insecurities and the flakes and train wrecks who surround her. This time, she gets to be the train wreck."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 30 Rock, Fey's acting was influenced by both physical and improvisational comedy while, as a writer, her "carefully written scripts" were often quirky and character-driven.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Fey stated that some of the artists who inspired her in her career include British feminist playwright Caryl Churchill, comedian Chris Rock, and composer and lyricist Stephen Sondheim.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Public imageEdit
In 2001, Entertainment Weekly named Fey as one of their Entertainers of the Year for her work on Weekend Update.<ref name="Baldwin2001">Template:Cite magazine</ref> In 2007, she was named one of the magazine's Entertainers of the Year,<ref name="Shaw">Template:Cite magazine</ref> and placed number two in 2008.<ref name="Armstrong2008">Template:Cite magazine</ref> In 2009, Fey was named as Entertainment WeeklyTemplate:'s fifth individual in their 15 Entertainers of the 2000s list.<ref name="Armstrong">Template:Cite magazine</ref> In 2013, Entertainment Weekly crowned Fey as "The Once and Future Queen" (an allusion to The Once and Future King) in their feature on "Women Who Run TV", calling her "the funniest woman in the free world." EW quoted Mindy Kaling as saying, "I always feel unoriginal bringing up Tina as my inspiration, but she's everyone's inspiration for a reason." The column also quoted praise by Zooey Deschanel and Lena Dunham.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
In 2002, Fey was ranked in the Hot 100 List at number 80 on Maxim magazine,<ref name="believerint">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> which used photos taken earlier by Rolling Stone calling her "the thinking man's sex symbol".<ref name="Yahoo_voices">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She was named one of People magazine's 50 Most Beautiful People in 2003,<ref name="Collins2003">Template:Cite news</ref> and continued as one of People magazine's 100 Most Beautiful People in 2007, 2008, and 2009.<ref name="Ref_2007a">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Nichols2008">Template:Cite newsTemplate:Webarchive</ref><ref name="Ref_2009e">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Ref_2007b">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2007, Fey placed seventh on the Hot 100 List on AfterEllen.com.<ref name="Ref_2007c">Template:Cite news</ref> She repeated the appearance the following year, being voted as number one on the list.<ref name="Mucha2008">Template:Cite news</ref>
The newspaper editors and broadcast producers of the Associated Press voted Fey the AP Entertainer of the Year as the performer who had the greatest impact on culture and entertainment in 2008, citing her impression of Sarah Palin on SNL.<ref name="san fran">Template:Cite news</ref> She has appeared on ForbesTemplate:'s annual Celebrity 100 list of the 100 most powerful celebrities in 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012 at No. 99, No. 86, No. 90, No. 92, and No. 79 respectively.<ref name="Wasden2008">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Ref_2009f">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Ref_2010">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Fey was among the Time 100, a list of the 100 most influential people in the world, in 2007 and 2009, as selected annually by Time magazine.<ref name="Poniewozik2007">Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref name="time 2009">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Fey's featured article for the 2009 list was written by 30 Rock co-star, Alec Baldwin.<ref name="time 2009" /> She was selected by Barbara Walters as one of America's 10 Most Fascinating People of 2008.<ref name="Dimond2008">Template:Cite news</ref>
In September 2011, Fey was ranked at the top of Forbes magazine's list of the highest-paid TV actresses.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In June 2010, it was announced Fey would receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2011.<ref name="Schneider2010">Template:Cite news</ref> In 2014, Fey was recognized by Elle magazine during The Women in Hollywood Awards, honoring women for their outstanding achievements in film, spanning all aspects of the motion picture industry, including acting, directing, and producing.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In 2019, Fey was proclaimed the best comedian of the 21st century by The Guardian.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Charity workEdit
Fey is a supporter of Mercy Corps, a global relief and development organization, in their campaign to end world hunger.<ref name="Mercy2008">Template:Cite press release</ref> Fey narrated a video for Mercy Corps's Action Center in New York City, describing hunger as a symptom of many wider world problems.<ref name="Hajela2008">Template:Cite news</ref> She also supports the Love Our Children USA organization, which fights violence against children,<ref name="Madigan2009">Template:Cite news</ref> who named her among their Mothers Who Make a Difference, in 2009.<ref name="Ordona2010">Template:Cite news</ref> She was the 2009 national spokesperson for the Light the Night Walk, which benefits the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society.<ref name="Ref_2009g">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Fey has granted wishes for The Make-A-Wish Foundation and hosted the 2018 Power of a Wish Gala in New York City.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Personal lifeEdit
In 1994, two years after Fey joined Chicago's Second City improvisational theatre troupe, she began dating Jeff Richmond, a pianist who later became Second City's musical director and then a composer on 30 Rock. They married in a Greek Orthodox ceremony on June 3, 2001. They have two daughters.<ref name="Reardanz2005">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Peterson2005">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="People2011">Template:Cite news</ref> In April 2009, Fey and Richmond purchased a US$3.4 million apartment on the Upper West Side in New York City.<ref name="Rovzar2009">Template:Cite news</ref>
Fey has a scar a few inches long on the left side of her chin and cheek. It was caused by her being slashed in the face by a stranger while she was playing in the front yard of her house when she was five years old in 1975.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Bossypants, p. 8</ref>
Filmography and awardsEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Among her numerous accolades, Fey has won nine Primetime Emmy Awards, three Golden Globes, five Screen Actors Guild Awards, seven Writers Guild Awards, and three Producers Guild Awards. She has also been nominated for a Grammy Award and a Tony Award.
In 2008, she received the AP Entertainer of the Year Award from the Associated Press. In 2010, Fey was awarded the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor, becoming the youngest-ever recipient of the award,<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> and it was announced that she would receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2011.<ref name="Schneider2010" /> In 2018, Fey received the Herb Sargent Award for Comedy Excellence from the Writers Guild of America together with frequent collaborator Robert Carlock.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
BibliographyEdit
Further readingEdit
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
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