Transport in Uganda
Template:Short description Transport in Uganda refers to the transportation structure in Uganda. The country has an extensive network of paved and unpaved roads.
RoadwaysEdit
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As of 2017, according to the Uganda Ministry of Works and Transport, Uganda had about Template:Convert of roads, with approximately Template:Convert (4 percent) paved.<ref name="1R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Most paved roads radiate from Kampala, the country's capital and largest city.<ref name="2R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
International highwaysEdit
The Lagos-Mombasa Highway, part of the Trans-Africa Highway and aiming to link East Africa and West Africa, passes through Uganda. This is complete only eastwards from the Uganda–DR Congo border to Mombasa, linking the African Great Lakes region to the sea. In East Africa, this roadway is part of the Northern Corridor.<ref name="3R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="4R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
It cannot be used to reach West Africa because the route westwards across DR Congo to Bangui in the Central African Republic (CAR) is impassable after the Second Congo War and requires reconstruction. An alternative route (not part of the Trans-African network) to Bangui based on gravel roads and earth roads runs from Gulu in northern Uganda via Nimule and Juba, South Sudan and Obo in south-east CAR. This is used by trucks but sections are impassable after rain.Template:Citation needed
The route has been closed at times during war and conflict in northern Uganda (the Lord's Resistance Army rebellion) and South Sudan, but up to July 2007 had not been affected by the Darfur conflict and was the only usable road between East and West Africa. The security situation should be checked with authorities in northern Uganda, South Sudan and south-eastern CAR before use.<ref name="5R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
RailwaysEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Template:See also As of 2017, Uganda's railway network measures about Template:Convert in length. Of this, about 56% (Template:Convert), is operational. All existing railway is metre gauge. A new standard gauge rail network is planned.
A railroad originating at Mombasa on the Indian Ocean connects with Tororo, where it branches westward to Jinja, Kampala, and Kasese and northward to Mbale, Soroti, Lira, Gulu, and Pakwach. The only railway line still operating, however, is the Malaba–Kampala line.<ref name="1R" />
Railway links with neighboring countriesEdit
- Template:Flagicon Kenya: Yes; same gauge Template:RailGauge
- Template:Flagicon South Sudan: Proposed; break of gauge Template:RailGauge/Template:RailGauge
- Template:Flagicon Democratic Republic of the Congo: No; break of gauge Template:RailGauge/Template:RailGauge
- Template:Flagicon Rwanda: No; Does not yet have railways
- Template:Flagicon Tanzania: No direct connection except via train ferry; same gauge Template:RailGauge
Couplings and brakesEdit
- Couplings : Meatchopper (Norwegian)
- Brakes : Air<ref name="6R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
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- Standards <ref name=SGR>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
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PlansEdit
Standard Gauge RailwayEdit
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The six countries of the East African Community are in the process of constructing railway lines with Template:Track gauge standard gauge tracks. Kenya had, by June 2018, completed the construction of the Mombasa–Nairobi section of its Standard Gauge Railway (SGR), which cost US$4.47 billion (original budget was US$3.2 billion), borrowed from the Exim Bank of China.<ref name="7R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="8R">Template:Cite magazine</ref> The country now plans to extend he SGR line to Nakuru, Kisumu and Malaba, when funds become available.<ref name="9R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Uganda plans to construct a total of four SGR lines, totaling Template:Convert, at an estimated cost of US$12.6 billion.<ref name="10R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="11R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Uganda's SGR is planned to link it to four neighboring countries, including Kenya, Rwanda, DR Congo and South Sudan.<ref name="12R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The Rift Valley ConsortiumEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Between 2006 and 2017, a company known as Rift Valley Railways (RVRC) managed the Kenya Railways Corporation's and the Uganda Railways Corporation's Template:Cvt metre gauge railway systems, under a 25-year concession.<ref name="13R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="14R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In August 2017, the government of Kenya terminated the RVRC concession, citing failure by RVRC to perform as stipulated in the concession agreement.<ref name="15R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In October 2017, Uganda followed suit,<ref name="16R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but RVRC ran to court to stop the termination.<ref name="17R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="18R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In February 2018, Uganda Railways Corporation finally took possession of the concession assets and resumed operating the metre-gauge railway system in Uganda.<ref name="19R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="20R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
WaterwaysEdit
Lake Victoria is the principal waterway with commercial traffic. In conjunction with train services, the railway companies of Uganda and Tanzania operate train ferries on the lake between railhead ports of the two countries and Kenya. These ferries load rail coaches and wagons. Jinja and Port Bell, on a Template:Convert branch line from Kampala, are the railheads for Uganda, connecting to Mwanza, Tanzania and Kisumu, Kenya.<ref name="21R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="22R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The Port Bell ferry wharf is visible on high-resolution Google Earth photos at latitude 0.2885° longitude 32.653°.<ref name="23R">Template:Google maps</ref> Other ferries serve non-railhead ports on the lake.<ref name="24R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> There are dry dock facilities at Port Bell (Luzira), which were under renewed use as of June 2018.<ref name="25R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="26R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="27R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
A new inland port, Bukasa Inland Port is under development on the northern shores of Lake Victoria, at Bukasa, in Wakiso District, about Template:Convert, by road, south-east of the central business district of Kampala, the capital and largest city of Uganda.<ref name="28R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> When completed the inland port is designed to handle up to 5.2 million tonnes of freight annually.<ref name="29R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The port will facilitate movement of goods from the Tanzanian ports of Dar es Salaam and Tanga, via rail to the port of Mwanza on Lake Victoria. Barges would then bring the cargo over the lake to Bukasa. This would reduce Uganda's near-total dependence on the port of Mombasa, Kenya.<ref name="30R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Lake Kyoga and the Victoria Nile south of the lake constitute the second most important commercial waterway. There used to be a steamboat service between Namasagali, a railhead port on the Nile, going as far as Masindi-Port on the other side of Lake Kyoga.Template:Citation needed Other waterways such as Lake Albert, Lake George, Lake Edward, and the Albert Nile do not carry commercial traffic to any great extent.
AirportsEdit
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Entebbe International Airport is Uganda's largest and busiest airport, servicing in excess of 1.5 million arrivals annually, as of 2015.<ref name="31R">Template:Cite news</ref> In February 2015, the Government of Uganda began a three-phase expansion and upgrade of Entebbe Airport planned to last from 2015 until 2035.<ref name="32R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="33R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="34R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In January 2018, SBC Uganda Limited, a joint venture company between Colas Limited of the United Kingdom and SBI International Holdings of Uganda, started construction of Kabaale International Airport in Hoima District.<ref name="35R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="36R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The first phase of construction, including the runway and cargo-handling facilities, is expected to be ready in 2020. This phase is primarily to support construction of the Uganda Oil Refinery.<ref name="37R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="38R">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The second phase of construction, focused on the facilitation of passengers and boosting tourism and business, is expected to conclude in 2022.<ref name="37R"/><ref name="38R"/>
As of June 2018, according to the CIA Factbook, Uganda had 47 airports, five of which had paved runways, namely Entebbe Airport, Gulu Airport, Soroti Airport, Nakasongola Airport and Jinja Airport.