Tudhaliya

Tudḫaliya is the name of several Hittite kings or royals. It is not clear how many kings bore that name, and numbering schemes vary from source to source.

• Tudḫaliya (sometimes called Tudḫaliya I) is deduced from his early placement in a later offering list as a hypothetical pre-Empire king who might have reigned in the early 17th century BC.<ref>Forlanini 1993 conjectures that this king corresponds to the great-grandfather of Hattusili I, but later abandoned this idea; Bryce 2005: 406, n. 3 doubts this interpretation; Freu 2007a: 37-39 and Freu 2007b: 30-32 consider this a possible reference to Tudḫaliya I below.</ref>
• Tudḫaliya I (sometimes considered identical with the following, as Tudḫaliya I/II <ref>Bryce 2005.</ref>), ruled in the mid-15th century BC, son of Kantuzzili.<ref>Bryce 2005: xv, 122-123; Freu 2007b: 18-32.</ref>
• Tudḫaliya II (sometimes considered identical with the preceding, as Tudḫaliya I/II <ref>Bryce 2005.</ref> or renumbered as Tudḫaliya I <ref>Beckman 2000.</ref>), ruled at the start of the 14th century BC, father-in-law of Arnuwanda I.<ref>Bryce 2005: xv, 122-123; Freu 2007b: 18-32.</ref>
• Tudḫaliya III (sometimes renumbered as Tudḫaliya II <ref>Beckman 2000.</ref>), in the early 14th century BC, the son of Arnuwanda I and predecessor of Šuppiluliuma I.<ref>Bryce 2005: xv, 145.</ref>
• Tudḫaliya the Younger (sometimes numbered as Tudḫaliya III <ref>Beckman 2000.</ref>), in the mid-14th century BC, the son of Tudḫaliya III, he probably never reigned.<ref>Beckman 2000: 24; Bryce 2005: 154-155; Freu 2007b: 199-200.</ref>
• Tudḫaliya IV (very rarely renumbered as Tudḫaliya III <ref>Breyer 2010.</ref>), ruled around 1230 BC, the son of Ḫattušili III.<ref>Bryce 2005: xv, 295.</ref>
• Tudḫaliya V possibly ruled around 1180 BC, perhaps the son of Šuppiluliuma II.<ref>Simon 2009: 262-264.</ref>
• Tudḫaliya, Neo-Hittite king(s) of Carchemish, fl. Template:Circa

In the Bible

Some biblical scholars suggested that Tidal, king of Nations (Goyim), who is mentioned in the Book of Genesis 14 as having joined Chedorlaomer in attacking rebels in Canaan is based on one of the Tudhaliyas.<ref>Peake's commentary on the Bible (1962)</ref> In modern academia, Tidal is considered to be a literary figure, not a historical figure. The discussion about Tidal relates to the Battle of Siddim in the Bible; the exact geographical location of Tidal is disputed. 'Tidal, king of Goyim', may also be related to the island kingdoms in Mediterranean Sea.<ref>Gard Granerød (26 March 2010). Abraham and Melchizedek: Scribal Activity of Second Temple Times in Genesis 14 and Psalm 110. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 118-121. ISBN 978-3-11-022346-0.</ref>

See also

• History of the Hittites

Bibliography

• Beckman, Gary (2000), "Hittite Chronology," Akkadica 119-120 (2000) 19–32.
• Breyer, Francis (2010), "Hethitologische Bemerkungen zum Keilschrift "Zipfel" aus Qantir/Pi-Ramesse," Ägypten und Levante 20 (2010) 43-48.
• Bryce, Trevor (2005), The Kingdom of the Hittites, Oxford.
• Forlanini, Massimo (1993), Atti. del II Congresso Internazionale di Hittitologia, Pavia.
• Freu, Jacques, and Michel Mazoyer (2007a), Des origins à la fin de l’ancien royaume hittite, Paris.
• Freu, Jacques, and Michel Mazoyer (2007b), Les débuts du nouvel empire hittite, Paris.
• Zsolt, Simon (2009), "Die ANKARA-Silberschale und das Ende des hethitischen Reiches," Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 99 (2009) 247-269. online

External links

• Reign of Tudhaliya

{{safesubst:#if:|||} }}{{safesubst:#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=Template:Main other|preview=Page using Template:End with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| html | 1 }}