National Security Advisor (United States)
Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox official post The assistant to the president for national security affairs (APNSA), commonly referred to as the national security advisor (NSA),<ref name="TNSAaS:1">The National Security Advisor and Staff: p. 1.</ref>Template:Refn is a senior aide in the Executive Office of the President, based at the West Wing of the White House.<ref name="White House appendix">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The national security advisor serves as the principal advisor to the president of the United States on all national security issues. The national security advisor participates in meetings of the National Security Council (NSC) and usually chairs meetings of the principals committee of the NSC with the secretary of state and secretary of defense (those meetings not attended by the president). The NSA also sits on the Homeland Security Council (HSC). The national security advisor is supported by NSC staff who produce classified research and briefings for the national security advisor to review and present, either to the NSC or the president.
The national security advisor is appointed by the president and does not require confirmation by the United States Senate. An appointment of a three- or four-star general to the role requires Senate confirmation to maintain that rank in the new position.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite news</ref> The acting National Security Advisor has been Marco Rubio since May 1, 2025.
RoleEdit
The influence and role of the national security advisor varies from administration to administration and depends not only on the qualities of the person appointed to the position, but also on the style and management philosophy of the incumbent president.<ref name="TNSAaS:17-21">The National Security Advisor and Staff: pp. 17-21.</ref> ideally, the national security advisor serves as an honest broker of policy options for the president in the field of national security, rather than as an advocate for his or her own policy agenda.<ref name="TNSAaS:10-14">The National Security Advisor and Staff: pp. 10-14.</ref>
The national security advisor is a staff position in the Executive Office of the President and does not have line or budget authority over either the Department of State or the Department of Defense, unlike the secretary of state and the secretary of defense, who are Senate-confirmed officials with statutory authority over their departments.<ref>See Template:UnitedStatesCode for the Secretary of State and Template:UnitedStatesCode for the Secretary of Defense.</ref> The national security advisor is able to offer daily advice (due to the proximity) to the president independently of the vested interests of the large bureaucracies and clientele of those departments.<ref name="TNSAaS:17-21" />
In times of crisis, the national security advisor is likely to operate from the White House Situation Room or the Presidential Emergency Operations Center (as on September 11, 2001),<ref name="clarke18">Template:Cite book</ref> updating the president on the latest events in a crisis situation.
HistoryEdit
The National Security Council was created at the start of the Cold War under the National Security Act of 1947 to coordinate defense, foreign affairs, international economic policy, and intelligence; this was part of a large reorganization that saw the creation of the Department of Defense and the Central Intelligence Agency.<ref name=george/><ref name=schmitz>Template:Cite book</ref> The Act did not create the position of the national security advisor per se, but it did create an executive secretary in charge of the staff. In 1949, the NSC became part of the Executive Office of the President.<ref name=george>Template:Cite book</ref>
Robert Cutler was the first national security advisor in 1953, and held the job twice, both times during the Eisenhower administration. The system has remained largely unchanged since then, particularly since President John Kennedy, with powerful national security advisors and strong staff but a lower importance given to formal NSC meetings. This continuity persists despite the tendency of each new president to replace the advisor and senior NSC staff.<ref name=george/>
President Richard Nixon's national security advisor, Henry Kissinger, enhanced the importance of the role, controlling the flow of information to the president and meeting with him multiple times per day. Kissinger also holds the distinction of serving as national security advisor and secretary of state at the same time from September 22, 1973, until November 3, 1975.<ref name=george/><ref name=schmitz/> He holds the record for longest term of service (2,478 days); Michael Flynn holds the record for shortest term, at just 24 days.
Brent Scowcroft held the job in two non-consecutive administrations: the Ford administration and the George H. W. Bush administration.
ListEdit
Template:Legend2 Template:Legend2 Template:Legend2
| Template:Legend |
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
See alsoEdit
NotesEdit
ReferencesEdit
Further readingEdit
External linksEdit
Template:NSAA Template:EOP agencies Template:United States intelligence agencies Template:Authority control