V-12 Navy College Training Program

File:V12-kennedy-910-D-0051.jpg

Robert F. Kennedy (second from left) while completing his V-12 studies at Bates College; in the background is a snow replica of a naval ship.

The V-12 Navy College Training Program was designed to supplement the force of commissioned officers in the United States Navy during World War II. Between July 1, 1943, and June 30, 1946, more than 125,000 participants were enrolled in 131 colleges and universities in the United States. Numerous participants attended classes and lectures at their respective colleges and earned completion degrees for their studies. Some even returned from their naval obligations to earn a degree from the colleges where they were previously stationed.

The V-12 program's goal was to produce officers, not unlike the Army Specialized Training Program (ASTP), which sought to turn out more than 200,000 technically trained personnel in such fields as engineering, foreign languages, and medicine. Running from 1942 to 1944, the ASTP recruits were expected but not required to become officers at the end of their training.

History

The V-12 program was founded to generate a large number of officers for both the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps to meet the demands of World War II, in excess of the number that was turned out annually by the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis and the U.S. Naval Reserve Midshipmen's School. Once enrollees completed their V-12-subsidized bachelor's degree programs, their next step toward obtaining a commission depended on the service branch:<ref name="v-12"/>

Navy

• Navy officer candidates were required to complete the V-7 United States Naval Reserve Midshipmen's School program. It was a short course of eight months. The first month was spent at Indoctrination School, a "boot camp" for officer candidates that had Marine Corps drill instructors. Pre-Midshipmen's School was a preparatory four-month course teaching military skills like seamanship, navigation, ordnance, and how to behave like an officer. Midshipmen's School itself taught academic skills and was three months long. Graduates were commissioned as ensigns in the U.S. Naval Reserve and the majority entered into active duty with the U.S. fleet.<ref name="active">Template:Cite news</ref>

Marines

• Marine Corps candidates reported directly to boot camp and were later enrolled in a three-month officer candidate course. Once complete, participants were commissioned as second lieutenants in the Marine Corps.<ref name="v-12"/>

Inception

When the United States entered the Second World War, American colleges and universities suffered huge enrollment declines. Men of prime draft age who would normally have gone into college (or would have remained enrolled until their course of study was completed) were either drafted, volunteered for service, or dropped out and took jobs in agriculture or war-related industries. As a result, some colleges worried they would have to close their doors for the duration of the conflict.

On October 14, 1942, the American Council on Education issued a report on how best to use colleges and universities for the war effort. The plan recommended that a "college training corps" be established on college and university campuses, that members of the corps be in uniform and receive active-duty pay, and that graduates be trained in technical specialties that were of use to the Army and the Navy. President Franklin D. Roosevelt agreed with this report, and asked the Secretary of War and Secretary of the Navy how best they could use higher education in their mobilization plans. The V-12 Navy college training program and the Army Specialized Training Program were jointly announced on December 12, 1942.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The V-12 program found more favor with college administrators than did the ASTP. Unlike the ASTP, V-12 students were allowed to attend classes with civilian students and participate in athletics. The majority of the basic curriculum consisted of classes already taught by civilian instructors.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Depending on the V-12 enrollees' past college curriculum, they were enrolled in three school terms, or semesters, which lasted four months each.

Captain Arthur S. Adams, from the Training Division of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, was the officer-in-charge of the V-12 program.<ref name="v-12"/> Richard Barrett Lowe, future Governor of Guam and American Samoa, was one of its early commanding officers.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Scope

The V-12 program was economically and functionally beneficial to undergraduate colleges and universities in maintaining enrollments during a general mobilization of manpower for the war, and also met and exceeded the critical needs of the military.<ref name="v-12" />

Participating institutions

Unlike the ASTP, the Navy predominantly chose small, private colleges for V-12 detachments. Of the 131 institutions selected for line units, approximately 100 could be considered "small," and eighty-eight were private institutions. Eleven were associated with the Roman Catholic Church. Land grant and state flagship universities accounted for only eighteen of the 131 detachments.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> After the V-12 Program got underway on July 1, 1943, public and private college enrollment increased by 100,000 participants, helping reverse the sharp wartime downward trend.<ref name="v-12">Template:Cite book</ref>

Midshipman Schools (V-7 Midshipman Program)

• Cornell University
• University of Notre Dame<ref name=v-12 />
• Northwestern University
• Villanova University

Line units

• Alma College<ref name="web-v-12" />
• Arkansas A & M College<ref name="uam-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Arizona State Teachers College<ref name="nauv-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Baldwin-Wallace College<ref name="bw-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Bates College<ref name="batesv-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Berea College<ref name="berea">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Bethany College (Kansas)<ref name="web-v-12" />
• Bethany College (West Virginia)<ref name="navalyearbooks-v-12" />
• Bloomsburg University<ref name="bloomsburgv-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Bowling Green State University<ref name="bowlinggreen-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Brown University<ref name="v-12" />
• Bucknell University<ref name="bucknell-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• California Institute of Technology<ref name="caltech-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Carroll College<ref name="carrollcollege-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Carson-Newman College<ref name="carson-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Case School of Applied Science<ref name="case-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Central College
• Central Michigan University<ref name=central>Warren Giese Rejects Central Coaching Job, Ludington Daily News, March 24, 1951.</ref>
• Central Missouri State Teachers College<ref name="webmo-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Colgate University<ref name="colgate-v-12">Template:Cite book</ref>
• College of the Holy Cross<ref name="holycross-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• College of St. Thomas<ref name="webmn-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• College of the Pacific
• Colorado College<ref name="v-12" />
• Columbia University<ref name="columbiav-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Cornell University<ref name="cornell-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }} (archived 2012)</ref>

• Dartmouth College<ref name="navyarchives-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Denison University<ref name="denison-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}Template:Dead link</ref>

• DePauw University<ref name="depauw-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Dickinson State Teachers College<ref name="dickinson-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Doane College<ref name="v-12" />
• Drew University<ref name="drew-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Duke University<ref name="duke-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Emory & Henry College<ref name="emoryhenry-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Emory University<ref name="emoryu-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Franklin and Marshall College<ref name="fmcv-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Georgia Institute of Technology<ref name="georgiatech-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Gonzaga University<ref name="gonzaga-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Gustavus Adolphus College<ref name="gustavus-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Hampden–Sydney College<ref name="hampden-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Harvard University<ref name="harvard-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Hobart College<ref name="navalyearbooks-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Howard College<ref name="list-of-v-12" />
• Iowa State College<ref name="web-v-12" />
• Illinois Institute of Technology<ref name="iit-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Illinois State Normal University<ref name="illstate-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Indiana State Teachers College
• John Carroll University<ref name="jc-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Kansas State Teachers College<ref name="web-v-12" />
• Lawrence College<ref name="lawrence-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Louisiana Polytechnic Institute<ref name="list-of-v-12" />
• Marquette University<ref name="webwi-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Massachusetts Institute of Technology<ref name="mit-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Mercer University<ref name="mercer-v-12">Template:Cite book</ref>
• Miami University<ref name="web-v-12" />
• Middlebury College<ref name="v-12" />
• Milligan College<ref name="milligan-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Millsaps College<ref name="millsapscollege-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Mississippi College<ref name="list-of-v-12" />
• Missouri Valley College<ref name="webmo-v-12" />
• Montana School of Mines
• Mount Saint Mary's College<ref name=bsun>Template:Cite newsTemplate:Dead link</ref>
• Muhlenberg College<ref name="webpa-v-12" />
• Murray State Teacher's College<ref name="web-v-12" />
• Nebraska State Teachers College<ref name="peru-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Newberry College<ref name="newberry-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• North Dakota State School of Science<ref name="webnd-v-12" />
• North Texas Agricultural College<ref name="utexasarlington-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Northwest Missouri State Teachers College<ref name="nwv-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Northwestern University<ref name="NU WWII">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Oberlin College<ref name="web-v-12" />
• Occidental College<ref name="occidentalv-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Ohio Wesleyan University<ref name="web-v-12" />
• Park College<ref>"S.S. Park Victory" Park University Magazine, Spring 2009, pp 18–19. Template:Webarchive</ref>
• Pennsylvania State University<ref name="pennstate-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Princeton University<ref>Richard D. Challener, "The Response to War," Princeton History 1992 11: 48–65.</ref>
• Purdue University<ref name="purduev-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute<ref name="rennsslaer-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Rice Institute<ref name="list-of-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Saint Ambrose College<ref name="ambrose-v12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• St. Lawrence University<ref name="stlawrence-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• St. Mary's College<ref name="stmarysminn-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Southeast Missouri State Teachers College<ref name="webmo-v-12" />
• Southern Methodist University<ref name="list-of-v-12" />
• Southwestern Louisiana Institute<ref name="swli-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Southwestern University<ref name="sw-v12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Stevens Institute of Technology<ref name="stevens-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Swarthmore College<ref name="swarthmore-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Texas Christian University<ref name="list-of-v-12" />
• Trinity College<ref name="web-v-12" />
• Tufts College<ref name="tuftsv-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Tulane University<ref name="tulane-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}Template:Dead link</ref>

• Union College<ref name="union-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of California, Berkeley<ref name="berkeley-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of California, Los Angeles<ref name="ucla-v-12">Template:Cite book</ref>
• University of Chicago<ref name="webil-v-12" />
• University of Colorado<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
• University of Dubuque<ref name="web-v-12" />
• University of Idaho – Southern Branch<ref name="idaho-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Illinois<ref name="v-12" />
• University of Kansas<ref name="kansas-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Louisville<ref name="louisville-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Miami<ref name="miami-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Michigan at Ann Arbor<ref name="umich-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Minnesota<ref name="uminn-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of New Mexico<ref name="navalyearbooks-v-12" />
• University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill<ref name="unorthcarolina-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Notre Dame<ref name="v-12" />
• University of Oklahoma<ref name="list-of-v-12" />
• University of Pennsylvania<ref name="upenn-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Redlands<ref>Moore, Frank E. "Redlands, Our Town" Moore Historical Foundation, Redlands, CA 1987</ref>
• University of Richmond<ref name="richmond-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Rochester<ref name="rochester-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of South Carolina<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• University of South Dakota<ref name="web-v-12" />
• University of Southern California<ref name="usc-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of the South<ref name="list-of-v-12" />
• University of Texas at Austin<ref name="list-of-v-12" />
• University of Utah<ref name="utah-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Virginia<ref name="mercer-v-12" />
• University of Washington<ref name=McHenry-2007-25>McHenry 2007, p.25.</ref>
• University of Wisconsin–Madison<ref name="wisconsin-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Ursinus College<ref name="webpa-v-12" />
• Villanova College<ref name="villanova-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Wabash College<ref name="wc-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Washburn Municipal University<ref name="washburn-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Webb Institute of Naval Architecture<ref name="webny-v-12" />
• Wesleyan University<ref name="wesleyan-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• West Virginia State College<ref name="web-v-12" />
• West Virginia University<ref name="web-v-12" />
• Western Michigan College<ref name="web-v-12" />
• Westminster College<ref name="webmo-v-12" />
• Whitman College<ref name="whitman-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="whit-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Willamette University<ref name="williamette-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Williams College<ref name="williams-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Worcester Polytechnic Institute<ref>Two Towers: The Story of Worcester Tech 1865–1965 Template:Webarchive URL accessed on July 23, 2006</ref>
• Yale University<ref name="yale-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Div col end

Medical units

• Albany Medical College<ref name="webny-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Baylor University<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• Boston University School of Medicine<ref name="webma-v-12"/>
• Cornell University Medical College<ref name="cornell-v-12"/>
• College of Medical Evangelists<ref name="web-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Creighton University College of Medicine<ref name="webnb-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}Template:Dead link</ref>

• Duke University School of Medicine<ref name="duke-v-12"/>
• Emory University School of Medicine<ref name="emoryu-v-12"/>
• George Washington University Medical School<ref name="webil-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Georgetown University School of Medicine<ref name="webil-v-12"/>
• Hahnemann Medical College<ref name="webpa-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis<ref name="webin-v-12"/>
• Jefferson Medical College<ref name="webpa-v-12"/>
• Johns Hopkins School of Medicine<ref name="webmd-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Long Island College of Medicine<ref name="webny-v-12"/>
• Louisiana State University<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• Loyola University - Stritch School of Medicine<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• Medical College of South Carolina<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• Medical College of Virginia<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• Marquette University School of Medicine<ref name="webwi-v-12"/>
• New York Medical College<ref name="webny-v-12"/>
• North Pacific College of Oregon<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• Northwestern University School of Medicine<ref name="webil-v-12"/>
• NYU College of Medicine<ref name="nyu-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Saint Louis University School of Medicine<ref name="webmo-v-12"/>
• Southwestern Medical Foundation<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• Southwestern University<ref name="sw-v12"/>
• Stanford University School of Medicine<ref name="webca-v-12"/>
• Syracuse University College of Medicine<ref name="webny-v-12"/>
• Temple University School of Medicine<ref name="webpa-v-12"/>
• Tulane University School of Medicine<ref name="tulane-v-12"/>
• University of Alabama School of Medicine<ref name="ua-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Arkansas College of Medicine<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• University of Buffalo School of Medicine<ref name="webny-v-12"/>
• University of Chicago School of Medicine<ref name="webil-v-12"/>
• University of Cincinnati College of Medicine<ref name="webil-v-12"/>
• University of Georgia School of Medicine<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• University of Illinois College of Medicine<ref name="v-12"/>
• University of Kansas School of Medicine<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• University of Louisville School of Medicine<ref name="louisville-v-12"/>
• University of Maryland School of Medicine<ref name="umaryland-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Michigan Medical College<ref name="umich-v-12"/>
• University of Mississippi School of Medicine<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• University of Missouri, School of Basic Medical Science<ref name="webmo-v-12"/>
• University of Nebraska College of Medicine<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• University of North Carolina School of Medicine<ref name="unorthcarolina-v-12"/>
• North Dakota State School of Science<ref name="webnd-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Oklahoma College of Medicine<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• University of Oregon Medical School<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine<ref name="webpa-v-12"/>
• University of Tennessee College of Medicine<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• University of Texas Medical Branch<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• University of Utah College of Medicine<ref name="utah-v-12"/>
• University of Vermont College of Medicine<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• Vanderbilt University School of Medicine<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• Wake Forest College - Bowman Gray School of Medicine<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• Wayne State University School of Medicine<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• Washington University School of Medicine<ref name="webmo-v-12"/>
• Yale University School of Medicine<ref name="web-v-12"/>

Dental units

• Baylor University<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• College of Physicians and Surgeons (San Francisco)<ref name="webca-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Creighton University College of Dentistry<ref name="webnb-v-12"/>
• Emory University School of Medicine<ref name="emoryu-v-12"/>
• Indiana University School of Dentistry<ref name="webin-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Loyola University - Stritch School of Medicine<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• North Pacific College of Oregon - School of Dentistry<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• Marquette University School of Dentistry<ref name="webwi-v-12"/>
• Ohio State University College of Dentistry<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• Saint Louis University School of Dentistry<ref name="webmo-v-12"/>
• University of Buffalo School of Dentistry<ref name="webny-v-12"/>
• University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• University of Illinois College of Dentistry<ref name="v-12"/>
• University of Louisville School of Dentistry<ref name="louisville-v-12"/>
• University of Maryland School of Medicine<ref name="umaryland-v-12"/>
• University of Minnesota Medical School<ref name="uminn-v-12"/>
• University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Dentistry<ref name="webmo-v-12"/>
• University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine<ref name="webpa-v-12"/>
• University of Tennessee College of Medicine<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• University of Texas at Houston<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• Washington University School of Dental Medicine<ref name="webmo-v-12"/>

Theological units

• Andover Newton Theological School<ref name="webma-v-12">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Berkeley Baptist Divinity School<ref name="berkeley-v-12"/><ref name="webca-v-12"/>
• Chicago Theological Seminary<ref name="webil-v-12"/>
• Colgate Rochester Divinity School<ref name="webny-v-12"/>
• Columbia Theological Seminary<ref name="webny-v-12"/>
• Dubuque Theological Seminary<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• Episcopal Theological School<ref name="webma-v-12"/>
• Garrett Biblical Institute<ref name="webil-v-12"/>
• Hartford Theological School<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• Harvard Divinity School<ref name="webma-v-12"/>
• Lancaster Theological Seminary<ref name="webpa-v-12"/>
• Luther Theological Seminary<ref name="webmn-v-12"/>
• McCormick Theological Seminary<ref name="webil-v-12"/>
• Oberlin Graduate School of Theology<ref name="web-v-12"/>
• Pittsburgh-Xenia Theological Seminary<ref name="webpa-v-12"/>
• Southern Methodist University<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• Texas Christian University<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>
• University of Chicago Divinity School<ref name="webil-v-12"/>
• Vanderbilt University<ref name="list-of-v-12"/>

Notable graduates

File:Alfred J. Eggers - GPN-2000-001586.jpg

Alfred J. Eggers served as NASA's Assistant Administrator for Policy from January 1968 through March 1971.

• George Allen, football coach (Alma College & Marquette University)
• Howard Baker, U.S. Senator from Tennessee (University of the South & Tulane University)
• Angelo Bertelli, Notre Dame football star and Heisman Trophy Winner
• John Robert Beyster, founder, SAIC, Foundation for Enterprise Development, and Beyster Institute
• D. Dudley Bloom, youngest ship commander in the U. S. Navy during World War II; commander of the flagship of the Atlantic fleet; inventor of rolling luggage and reality-based children's toys
• Harry Bonk, played college football as a fullback for the University of Maryland from 1945 to 1948, and Dartmouth College and Bucknell University in 1944
• Frederick C. Branch, first African American United States Marine Corps officer (Purdue University)
• M. Scott Carpenter, Project Mercury astronaut (Colorado College and Saint Mary's College of California).
• Earl H. Carroll, United States federal judge for the United States District Court for the District of Arizona<ref name="carrollv-12">Carroll bio Template:Webarchive</ref>
• Johnny Carson, television personality (Millsaps College & Columbia University)
• Warren Christopher, 63rd U.S. Secretary of State (University of Redlands)
• Samuel Kelly Clark (1924-2006), University of Michigan mechanical engineering professor known for research on tire mechanics
• Henry S. Coleman (1926–2006), acting dean of Columbia College, Columbia University who was held hostage during the Columbia University protests of 1968.<ref>Martin, Douglas. "Henry S. Coleman, 79, Dies; Hostage at Columbia in '68" Template:Webarchive, The New York Times, February 4, 2006. Accessed September 12, 2009.</ref>
• Jackie Cooper, actor from Los Angeles, California, attained rank of Captain
• Roger Corman, filmmaker from Los Angeles, California (Stanford University)
• John Piña Craven, helped pioneer the use of Bayesian search techniques to locate objects lost at sea
• Bill Daley, All-American fullback who played for the University of Minnesota Golden Gophers from 1940–1942 and the University of Michigan Wolverines in 1943
• Robert V. Daniels, American historian and educator specializing in the history of the Soviet Union
• Alvin Dark, Major League Baseball Player and Manager, (LSU & University of Louisiana-Lafayette)
• Jeremiah Denton, U.S. Senator, U.S. Navy Rear Admiral, Naval Aviator, Vietnam POW
• Alfred J. Eggers, NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics), NASA
• Bump Elliott, American football player, coach, and college athletics administrator, played halfback at Purdue University (1943–1944) and the University of Michigan (1946–1947)<ref name=purduev-12/>
• Daniel J. Evans, Senator, Governor
• Jim Fitzgerald, businessman and philanthropist (University of Notre Dame)
• Aloysius C. Galvin, American Jesuit priest, teacher, administrator, President of the University of Scranton (1965–1970)<ref name=bsun/>
• Warren Giese, South Carolina legislator and football coach
• Bernard M. Gordon, inventor and philanthropist.
• Samuel Gravely, first African-American Admiral (UCLA & Columbia University)
• Wyndol Gray, American professional basketball player in the 1940s<ref>BGSU HOF profile Template:Webarchive, accessed October 2, 2010</ref>
• Peter Hackes, TV Newsman, White House Correspondent
• William J. Hadden noted chaplain in both the Army and Navy, minister and desegregationist
• John Woodland Hastings, leader in the field of photobiology, especially bioluminescence, and one of the founders of the field of circadian biology
• Wilmot N. Hess, physicist, NASA Apollo Moon missions, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) hurricane research and oil spill cleanup
• Bruce Hilkene, captain and starting left tackle of the undefeated 1947 Michigan Wolverines football team<ref name=V12>Template:Cite news</ref>
• Elroy Hirsch, LA Rams Football Great
• Edward Kean, creator and writer of the Howdy Doody Show. (Cornell University and Columbia University)
• Robert F. Kennedy, U.S. Attorney General, U.S. Senator (Bates College and Harvard University)
• E. Henry Knoche, deputy director of the CIA, from 1976 to 1977, and acting Director of Central Intelligence in 1977
• Bowie Kuhn, Baseball Commissioner (Franklin & Marshall College and Princeton University)
• Melvin Laird, Secretary of Defense
• John Black Lee, architect in New Canaan, Connecticut
• Jack Lemmon, actor (Harvard University)
• Charles Mathias, Senator
• James McClure, Senator
• Sam Mele, right fielder, manager, coach and scout in Major League Baseball, led the Minnesota Twins to their first American League championship in 1965
• Wayne E. Meyer, regarded as the "Father of Aegis" for his service as the Aegis Weapon System Manager, founding project manager of the Aegis Shipbuilding Project Office
• William Middendorf II, Ambassador, Secretary of the Navy
• Frank N. Mitchell, Marine First Lieutenant who posthumously received the United States' highest military decoration – the Medal of Honor for his heroic actions during the Korean War
• Dade William Moeller, American health physicist, radiation and environmental protection scientist
• Daniel Patrick Moynihan, U.S. Senator from New York (Tufts University)
• Fred Negus, played college football for University of Wisconsin and University of Michigan and professional in the All-America Football Conference and the National Football League
• Clarence Charles Newcomer (1923–2005), US District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
• Paul Newman, actor, entered the program at Ohio University but had to drop out because of color blindness<ref name="navynewman">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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• David "Sam" Peckinpah, film director (University of Louisiana-Lafayette)
• Frank Pellegrino (inventor), inventor and president of General Fibre Company
• Sidney Phillips, author, physician, U.S. Marine
• William Dale Phillips, chemist, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopist, federal science policy advisor and member of the National Academy of Sciences
• Robert C. Pierpoint, TV Newsman, White House Correspondent
• Victor Prather, American flight surgeon famous for taking part in "Project RAM", a government project to develop the space suit
• John Prchlik, NFL Player – Detroit Lions
• Al Rosen, Major League Baseball Player and Executive
• Carl T. Rowan, Columnist, TV Personality, Ambassador
• Harold Lyman Ryan, served as a federal judge on the United States District Court for the District of Idaho
• Leo Ryan, U.S. Congressman killed in Guyana immediately before the Jonestown Massacre (Bates College)
• Kenneth G. Ryder, president of Northeastern University from 1975-1989
• Pierre Salinger, Newsman, Presidential Press Secretary
• Phillip Shriver, historian and college administrator who was president of Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, 1965–1981
• Leon Silver, geologist who was instrumental in training the Apollo Program astronauts in field geology.
• G. William Skinner, leading American anthropologist and scholar of China
• Eugene Sledge, Author, U.S. Marine
• William Styron, novelist and essayist (Duke University)
• Hugh Taylor, professional football player and coach
• Robert Lawson Vaught, mathematical logician, and one of the founders of model theory
• James Logan Waters, founder of Waters Corporation, a publicly traded laboratory analytical instrument and software company
• William Webster, Federal Judge, Director, CIA and FBI
• Thomas Grey "Tom" Wicker, Columnist and Author
• Roger Williams, Musician, Entertainer
• William W. Winpisinger, president of the million-member International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers
• Benjamin Drake Wright, American psychometrician, largely responsible for the widespread adoption of Georg Rasch's measurement principles and models
• Zig Ziglar, author, salesperson, and motivational speaker (University of South Carolina).

Other US Navy V programs

• V1 — Accredited College Program and Naval ROTC (USNR classification)
• V2 — Aviation Branch (USNR classification)
• V3 — Communications (USNR classification)
• V4 — Intelligence (USNR classification)
• V5 — Aviation Cadets (USNR classification)
• V6 — General Service and Specialists (USNR classification)
• V7 — Midshipmen Officer Candidates (USNR classification)
• V8 — Aviation Pilot Training, Enlisted Reserve (USNR classification)
• V9 — WAVES Officer Candidates (USNR classification)
• V10 — WAVES Enlisted Personnel (USNR classification)
• V11 — Midshipmen Officer Candidates O (Older Group) (USNR classification)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

See also

• Navy–Notre Dame football rivalry, a surviving legacy of the V-12 program
• Aviation Cadet Training Program (USN)

Further reading

• Cardozier, V. R. Colleges and Universities in World War II (1993) online
• Westerlund, John S. "Anchors Aweigh: The U.S. Navy's WWII Port of Call at Flagstaff," Journal of Arizona History (2002) 43#1 pp 69–86. Arizona State Teachers College (now Northern Arizona University)

External links

• V-12 History
• All Hands Naval Bulletin - July, 1943
• The Navy College Training Program V-12: Curricula Schedules, Course Descriptions – Google Books
• Navy V-12 Bulletin – Google Books
• Navy V-12 – Google Books
• Continuance of Navy V-12 College Training Program – Google Books
• Wartime College Training Programs of the Armed Services – Google Books