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Veolia Transport

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Veolia Transport (formerly Connex and CGEA Transport) was the international transport services division of the French-based multinational company Veolia until the 2011 merger that gave rise to Veolia Transdev, later renamed Transdev.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Veolia Transport traded under the brand names of Veolia Transportation in North America and Israel, Veolia Transport, Veolia Verkehr in Germany and with the former name Connex preserved in Lebanon, Melbourne (until it ceased operations in 2009) and Jersey (until it ceased operations on 31 December 2012) .

Until 2011, Veolia had diverse road and rail operations across the globe, employing 72,000 workers worldwide and serving completely or partly about 40 metropolitan areas with more than 1,000,000 inhabitants.

HistoryEdit

CGEA TransportEdit

The company was established on 1 January 1997 as CGEA Transport, created from the public transport business of Compagnie Générale d'Entreprises Automobiles (CGEA), which was a subsidiary of Compagnie Générale des Eaux (CGE).<ref name="annual2003">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="history1950">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

CGEA was previously acquired by CGE in 1980, and its waste management and environmental services division was already rebranded Onyx Environnement in 1989, leaving CGEA with only the transport business.<ref name=history1950/> Compagnie générale française des transports et entreprises (CGFTE) was also acquired by CGE in the 1980s, was also absorbed into CGEA in 1988.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Vivendi, Connex and VeoliaEdit

CGE, the ultimate parent company, was later renamed to Vivendi in 1998, and created Vivendi Environnement in 1999 to consolidate its environmental divisions including the transport division. Vivendi Environnement was renamed Veolia Environnement in 2003.

As a result, the name of CGEA Transport was rebranded Connex in 1999, adopting the brand that its South Central and South Eastern rail franchises in South East England had traded under since 1996.<ref>"Connex Expands Throughout the World" Today's Railways Europe issue 54 June 2000 page 15</ref> In 2005, as a result of global rebranding of all Veolia Environnement subsidiaries, Connex was renamed Veolia Transport.<ref name="history2000">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>"Connex is dead, long live Veolia" Today's Railways Europe issue 123 March 2006 page 11</ref> Some operations such as Connex Melbourne retained the Connex name and logo.

In 2007, the group posted revenues of €5.6 billion,<ref>"Veolia Transport | Public transportation and freight services" Template:Webarchive.</ref> and sold Veolia Cargo, the rail freight branch of Veolia Transport in 2009 to SNCF and Eurotunnel.<ref name="ac">SNCF and Eurotunnel acquire Veolia Cargo Template:Webarchive via www.geodis.com</ref>

A merger between Veolia Transport and the old Transdev was announced on 23 July 2009.<ref>Merger of Veolia Transport and Transdev Template:Webarchive</ref> Transdev was then a subsidiary of Caisse des Dépôts. The merger was completed in March 2011. Veolia Transdev became the world's private-sector leader in sustainable mobility with more than 110,000 employees in 28 countries.<ref>Template:Cite press release</ref> Veolia Transdev was renamed and simplified to Transdev in 2013.

In July 2011, amid disappointing financial results, Veolia Environnement announced the launch of new restructuring plans and redeployment of assets and businesses.<ref>Template:Cite press release</ref> In December 2011, Veolia announced a €5bn divestment program in 2012 and 2013.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> As part of this programme, Veolia would divest its participation in Transdev and exit the transport business altogether. In January 2019, Veolia sold the last of its Transdev shares to the Rethmann Group, the owner of Rhenus.<ref>Veolia out of transport as Rethmann acquires Transdev stake Railway Gazette International 11 January 2019</ref>

EuropeEdit

FranceEdit

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File:Integral am Bahnhof Geitau.jpg
The Bayerische Oberlandbahn near Munich is operated by Veolia.

BelgiumEdit

  • Autocars De Polder has been part of the Veolia Group since 1995.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Veolia operated some de Lijn routes under contract.

Veolia Transport Belgium (VTB) was passed on to Veolia Transdev until it was sold to a consortium consisting of Cube Infrastructure and Gimv in March 2014.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

DenmarkEdit

These operations were sold to Arriva in October 2007.

FinlandEdit

File:Hesburgerbussi.jpg
A Veolia bus in Helsinki advertising the Hesburger fast-food chain
  • Helsinki: Veolia owns Helsinki Metropolitan Area's bus company Veolia Finland, which was previously Linjebuss and operated essentially in Vantaa, a northern suburb of Helsinki.
  • Tampere: Veolia owns the regional bus company previously known as Alhonen & Lastunen
  • Seinäjoki: Veolia owns yet another local bus company, now known as Veolia Transport West Oy, operating both local and long-distance routes.

Veolia Transport Finland Oy has since been passed on to Transdev and has been known as Transdev Finland Oy since 5 February 2015.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

GermanyEdit

  • Veolia Verkehr, former Connex Verkehr, offers train services, several of a regional character such as the Bayerische Oberlandbahn from Munich, and two long-distance services. Veolia owns a number of bus companies, mostly in suburban areas. It also operated tram systems:
    • Aachen: Suburban buses,
    • Berlin: Suburban tram line linking to the S Bahn,
    • Frankfurt: Urban linepacks A&E, Suburban services,
    • Bad Homburg: Urban & Suburban buses,
    • Hagen: Urban network,
    • Pforzheim: Urban network won by Veolia in August 2006. Network included in "Karlsruher Verkehrsverbund GmbH" (KVV) and linked to it by Tram-Train line,
    • Schwäbisch Hall: Urban network,
    • Stuttgart: Suburban buses,
    • ...and also into rural areas.

Veolia Verkehr has since been passed on to Transdev and is now known as Transdev GmbH since March 2015.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

IrelandEdit

  • Dublin: Veolia operated the Luas tramway which started operations in June 2004. Operation of the Luas tramway has since been passed on to Veolia Transdev and renamed Transdev Ireland.
  • Galway: Veolia owned the Nestor Airlink bus company which operated between Galway and Dublin Airport. However Jim Burke & Sons own and run it as of March 2009.

JerseyEdit

File:Bus on the Esplanade, St Helier.JPG
MyBus Caetano Slimbus bodied Dennis Dart in St Helier in December 2012

NetherlandsEdit

File:Veolia GTW front.JPG
Veolia Transport Nederland Stadler GTW) in The Netherlands

Veolia Transport Nederland became part of Transdev in March 2011 and was brought under common ownership with Connexxion to form Transdev Nederland.<ref>Annual Report for year ended 31 December 2011 Connexxion</ref> Both continued to operate independently until June 2015 when both were brought under common management.<ref>Transdev merges Connexxion and Veolia Transport Nederland under one brand Transdev 22 May 2015 (Dutch)</ref> When the Limburg concession expired on 11 December 2016, the remaining Haaglanden operations were rebranded as Connexxion.<ref>Arriva wins re-awarded Limburg operating contract Railway Gazette International 3 June 2015</ref><ref>Veolia name disappears from the OV OV Magazine 21 November 2016 (Dutch)</ref>

NorwayEdit

On 6 May 2011, Veolia Transport Norge was sold in a management buyout and renamed Boreal Transport Norge AS. The new owners were Transport Management AS (1.4%) (the management) and Cube Norge AS (98.6%), a subsidiary of Cube Communications Infrastructure S.C.A. (Cube Infrastructure Fund) of Luxembourg.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

SpainEdit

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SwedenEdit

|CitationClass=web }}Template:Dead link</ref> in the winter season going further on to Åre, and the long-distance train from Malmö to Berlin with train ferry via Trelleborg to Sassnitz in the summer season.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Veolia Transport Sverige AB has since been passed on to Transdev and is now known as Transdev Sverige AB since February 2015.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

United KingdomEdit

File:P122dms.JPG
Veolia Transport Cymru Alexander Dash bodied Dennis Dart in Pontypridd, Wales
File:Connex at Haywards' Heath2002.png
Connex South Central train at Template:Stnlnk station in 2002

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As a result, Veolia Transport had no more operations in UK by the time of Veolia Transdev's rebranding in 2013. However, since the services in York were taken over by Transdev York (part of the old Transdev), they still eventually became part of Veolia Transdev and the current Transdev.

Central EuropeEdit

Veolia Transport Central Europe was a daughter company for Central Europe. It was later passed on to Veolia Transdev and then sold to Arriva in the spring of 2013.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="article&sid=10781&secid=1|title=Arriva: Společnost Veolia Transport Central Europe součástí skupiny Arriva">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Czech RepublicEdit

File:Bus Connex Praha-bok.jpg
Connex Praha bus

Veolia Transport was one of the largest bus operators, operated also one regional railway line and one trolleybus network. Main acquisitions carried out (as Connex) in 2002–2004 (ČSAD Ostrava, Třinec, Praha-Vršovice, Příbram, DP Teplice), smaller in 2005 (MAD Kolín), 2008 (Nerabus), 2010 (Spojbus) etc. In summer 2008, it changed its trademark from Connex to Veolia Transport. In 2004–2007, several times competed or offered for passenger railway transport, however have got no new job yet.

SlovakiaEdit

  • Nitra: Urban network and bus station.

PolandEdit

File:Autosan Gemini - Veolia.jpg
Veolia transport in Poland - bus Autosan Gemini
  • Veolia owned a number of bus companies and operated an urban network:
    • Tczew: Urban city network.

SerbiaEdit

  • Veolia owned a number of bus companies and operated 2 urban networks:

AsiaEdit

East Asia (excluding Philippines)Edit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Veolia Transport's more recent operations in East Asia were operated as a joint venture with RATP Group, known as Veolia Transport RATP Asia (VTRA). It was created in July 2009 and absorbed all existing Veolia Transport operating companies and contracts.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Veolia Transport's share has since been passed on to Veolia Transdev, with the joint venture renamed RATP Dev Transdev Asia (RDTA).

ChinaEdit

Veolia Transport Chinese Limited (VTCL) started a joint venture with Nanjing Zhongbei to operate bus networks in China in 2008. It operates in:

  • Anqing: Anhui province
  • Huaibei : Bus network operated as a joint venture into a city of 2 040 000 inhabitants (932 185 hab. urban in 2006) in Anhui province
  • Huainan : Bus network operated as a joint venture into a city of 1 076 000 inhabitants (1 075 754 hab. urban in 2006) in Anhui province
  • Ma'anshan: Anhui province
  • Nanjing: Suburbs of Luhe and Pukou

It was passed to VTRA upon the latter's creation in 2009.

Hong KongEdit

IndiaEdit

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MacauEdit

  • Macau: Veolia Transport RATP Dev created Reolian Public Transport Co. to operate buses in Macau. Services began August 1, 2011 and is operating two of five groupings of routes, also to be the more important arterial routes of the city. The joint venture announced filing for bankruptcy on 1 October 2013. The operation was finally terminated in July 2014 and passed on to another operator.

South KoreaEdit

PhilippinesEdit

Connex operated the Bonifacio Transport Corporation in the Philippines in the early 2000s.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It is unknown when exactly did Connex stop operating the bus services.

IsraelEdit

Light RailEdit

File:Jerusalem Light Rail French Hill depot 2011-1.jpg
Jerusalem Light Rail depot, Jerusalem

BusesEdit

Veolia operates buses in Israel under Veolia Transportation brand. It used to operate with both the Veolia Transportation brand and the Connex brand together in the late 2000s.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> They operate:

In 2012, Denis Gasquet, Veolia's senior executive vice president, visited Israel, where the company has reached a turnover of 1.5 billion shekels a year. After 20 years of investment in the country, Gasquet said the company had never lost a tender due to its commitment to Israel. Despite operational hitches, Veolia stated that there were no political problems with the Arabs or the Jews, and the company was "not ashamed to say that we make money in Israel."<ref>Not afraid to make money in Israel Template:Webarchive, Haaretz</ref>

After these operations was passed on to Veolia Transdev, the buses in Modi'in were sold to Kavim in July 2013,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> while the rest were sold to Afikim in September 2013.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

LebanonEdit

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> After 2008, it retained the Connex branding and logo.

OceaniaEdit

File:Veolia Transport (mo 7106) Volgren 'CR221L' bodied Volvo B10L at Central station.jpg
Veolia Transport NSW Volgren bodied Volvo B10L in Sydney, Australia in July 2013
File:Transperth Volgren bodied Volvo B8RLEA – Fremantle Train Station.jpg
Transperth Transdev Volgren Optimus Volvo B8RLEA.
File:Britomart01.jpg
Veolia Transport Auckland ADL/ADC class diesel multiple unit at the Britomart Transport Centre in Auckland, New Zealand

AustraliaEdit

Connex changed its name to the same as its French parent company's, Veolia, in January 2006. Branding on buses and trains was changed to reflect this position, with the exception of Connex Melbourne. Turnover for Australia was over A$635 million.

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With the exception of Connex Melbourne, the other Veolia Transport operations have since been passed on to Veolia Transdev and grouped to form its Australasian subsidiary Transdev Australasia (together with Veolia Auckland and old Transdev).

Between August 2001 and 2003, Connex also briefly owned 50% of West Coast Railway which operated services between Melbourne and Warrnambool.<ref>Connex still expanding Railway Gazette International September 2001 page 570</ref><ref>"Intelligence" Railway Gazette International December 2003 page 763</ref>

New CaledoniaEdit

  • Nouméa: Veolia created and ran the Nouméa suburban bus network since February 2002, under the Carsud brand.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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New ZealandEdit

Veolia Transport Auckland has since been passed on to Veolia Transdev and grouped with Veolia Transport and old Transdev's Australian operations to form Transdev Australasia.

North AmericaEdit

Veolia Transportation was the North American business unit of Veolia Transport<ref name="about">Veolia Transportation: about us Template:Webarchive</ref> It has since been passed on to Transdev and renamed Transdev North America in 2014.

CanadaEdit

In April 2005 Veolia were awarded the contract in York Region in suburban Toronto, Ontario, Canada running the bus rapid transit (BRT) naming the routes VIVA and joining with York Region Transit (YRT) as a one fare transit system.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Veolia also operated transit services in the Greater Montreal Area.

United StatesEdit

Connex arrived in the United States in 2001, with the acquisition of Yellow Transportation in Baltimore, Maryland.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On September 1, 2005, Connex acquired ATC from National Express, making Connex-ATC the largest privately owned public transportation company in North America.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> ATC was formed in 1951 and originally owned bus companies before becoming a contractor.<ref>AMERICAN TRANSIT CORP.</ref> In 2006, Connex-ATC changed its name to Veolia Transportation, acquired ShuttlePort, and won several contracts in the US, including:

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> as the Massachusetts Bay Commuter Railroad.

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  • Denver, CO: Regional Transportation District (RTD) routes throughout the metro-wide District.
  • Greensboro, NC: operated buses for Greensboro Transit Authority (GTA)
  • Las Vegas: RTC Transit in Las Vegas including The Deuce & MAX (Contract expired July 7, 2013)
  • Los Angeles: Metrolink, 2005–2010.<ref>"Connex wins Metrolink race" Railway Gazette International January 2005 page 9</ref> A Connex/Veolia engineer texting on-duty was responsible for a head-on collision causing 26 deaths and 135 injuries, the deadliest incident in Metrolink history, leading the Metrolink board to return to the previous contractor, Amtrak.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> {{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

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Veolia employed over 16,000 employees with 6,500 vehicles and a revenue of over $1 billion. in 2005 in North America. Its executive team included Mark Joseph (CEO of VTNA). It was headquartered in Oak Brook, Illinois.

Veolia also owns the SuperShuttle shared-ride airport shuttle service, as well as the ExecuCar black car/sedan service. Veolia also operated taxicab services across the country under various brands.

South AmericaEdit

ChileEdit

  • Santiago: Veolia owned Redbus Urbano, which operated feeder services to the Metro and "Troncales" in northern suburban Santiago. This operation has since been passed on to Transdev.

ColombiaEdit

  • Bogotá: Veolia, in conjunction with three other operators, ran a 90 km right-of-way bus line called the TransMilenio system, used by more than 1,400,000 persons a day. This has since been passed on to Transdev.

ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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