Volvo B18 engine

The B18 is a 1.8 L inline four cylinder overhead valve automobile engine produced by Volvo from 1961 through 1968. A larger 2.0 L derivative called the B20 debuted in 1969.

Despite being a pushrod design, the engines can rev to 6,500 rpm.Template:Cn They are also reputed to be very durable. The world's highest mileage car,<ref name="guinness"/> a 1966 Volvo P1800S, traveled more than Template:Cvt on its original B18 engine.<ref name="autoblog"/><ref name="hemmings"/>

B18

File:VolvoB18engine.jpg

Volvo B18 engine

The B18 is a 1.8 L overhead valve (OHV) engine with two valves per cylinder. It has five main bearings, two more than the B16.

With a bore of Template:Cvt and stroke of Template:Cvt, the B18 displaces Template:Cvt. The cylinders are on Template:Cvt split bore centers, where the spacing between cylinders 2 and 3 is wider than that between cylinders 1 and 2 or 3 and 4. The engine was used in Volvo's PV544, P210 Duett, 120 (Amazon), P1800 and 140 series. It could also be found in the L3314 and the Bandvagn 202 military vehicles. The B18 was fitted to many Volvo Penta sterndrive marine propulsion systems. It was also used in the Facel Vega Facel III and the Marcos 1800 GT.

There are four variations of this engine:

• B18A: Single carburettor version.
• B18B: Dual carburettor version with a higher compression ratio, fitted variously with dual sidedraft SU or Zenith/Stromberg carburettors.
• B18C: Single carburettor version with a lower compression ratio and mechanical RPM regulator, fitted in the gasoline powered versions of the Volvo BM 320 tractor. This version was also used for the elevator in the PS-15 radar system.<ref name="aef"/>
• B18D Dual carburettor version with a lower compression ratio.

DOHC

In 1971 Swedish engineer Gunnar Axelsson developed a DOHC cylinder head for the B18 engine family.<ref name="dep-o"/> This cylinder head was used in competition Volvos for several years.<ref name="businessdesk"/> On 1 January 2014 the Grainger & Worrall company announced that they had partnered with Axelsson to reproduce the DOHC head for the B18 engine.<ref name="g&w"/> Power output of the base engine was expected to be Template:Cvt, while a high-output version developing Template:Cvt would also be available.

B36

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} In 1952 Volvo unveiled the Volvo Philip concept car powered by a 3.6 litre V8 engine that would later be called the B36. The V8 engine had exactly the same bore and stroke dimensions as the four-cylinder B18, leading some to suggest that the B18 is one-half of the V8.<ref name="dredgebook"/> Significant differences between the two engines included the fact that while the V8 engine has crossflow cylinder heads, the four cylinder has a reverse-flow cylinder head. This suggests that the engines are for the most part separate designs.<ref name="leopardmotor"/><ref name="ateup"/>

B20

File:Overhauled Volvo B20 Engine Rear.jpg

Volvo B20, rear 3/4 view

The 2-litre B20 is a bored-out B18 introduced in 1969, with its bore diameter enlarged to Template:Cvt and a displacement of Template:Cvt. The design is virtually identical to the earlier B18, thus most parts are functionally interchangeable, albeit with running changes to the manufacture and design of components. The B20 engine was used in the Volvo 120, 1800, 140, C202 and 240 series, and also in the Bofors Haubits FH77 howitzer. A modified version was used in the one-off 1969 Volvo GTZ concept car. The B20 was produced until 1981.

There are five variations of this engine:

• B20A: Single carburettor version. First produced in 1969.
• B20B: Dual carburettor version with a higher compression ratio. First produced in 1969.
• B20D: Dual carburettor version with a lower compression ratio. First produced in 1971.
• B20E: Fuel injection version with a high compression ratio. First produced in 1970.
• B20F: Fuel injection version with low compression ratio. First produced in 1972 for lower emissions.

The B20E and B20F versions featured larger valves, and intake/exhaust ports and for 1974–1975 switched from electronic D-Jetronic to mechanical K-Jetronic injection.

In 1974 the number of bolts holding the flywheel increased from 6 to 8 and the size of the connecting rods was increased.

The B20A was revived for use in the C202 from 1977 to 1981.

B30

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} The Template:Cvt six-cylinder B30 is a B20 with two additional cylinders, introduced for the 1969 model for the newly released Volvo 164.

Engine chart

Volvo B18 and B20 engine specifications<ref name="vcuk-engines"/>

Engine	Year	Induction	Power (SAE)	Power (DIN)	Torque (SAE)	Torque (DIN)	Compression
B18A	1962–1964	Zenith 36VN	Template:Cvt at 4500 rpm		Template:Cvt at 2800 rpm		8.5:1
	1965–1968<ref name="man-tp436"/>	ZS 175-CD2-S	Template:Cvt at 5000 rpm	Template:Cvt at 4700 rpm	Template:Cvt at 3000 rpm	Template:Cvt at 2300 rpm	8.7:1
B18B	1961–1963	2 x SU HS6	Template:Cvt at 5500 rpm		Template:Cvt at 4000 rpm		9.5:1
	1964–1966		Template:Cvt at 5800 rpm		Template:Cvt at 4000 rpm		10:1
	1967–1968 140<ref name="man-tp436"/><ref name="man-eecs"/>		Template:Cvt at 6000 rpm	Template:Cvt at 5600 rpm	Template:Cvt at 4000 rpm	Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm
	1967–1968 121 122S<ref name="man-eecs"/>			Template:Cvt at 5600 rpm		Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm
	1967–1968 1800S<ref name="man-eecs"/>			Template:Cvt at 5600 rpm		Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm
B18C			Template:Cvt at 2500 rpm
B18D	1961–1963	2 x SU HS6	Template:Cvt at 5000 rpm		Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm		8.5:1
	1964–1966		Template:Cvt at 5400 rpm		Template:Cvt at 3800 rpm		8.7:1
	1967-1968<ref name="man-121+122s"/>		Template:Cvt at 5700 rpm	Template:Cvt at 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm	Template:Cvt at 3200 rpm
B20A	1969–1974<ref name="man-tp1043"/>	ZS 175-CD2-SE	Template:Cvt at 4800 rpm	Template:Cvt at 4700 rpm	Template:Cvt at 3000 rpm	Template:Cvt at 2300 rpm
B20B	1969–1970	2 x 175-CD2-SE	Template:Cvt at 5800 rpm	Template:Cvt at 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm	Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm	9.5:1
	1971-1974<ref name="man-tp1043"/>	Template:Ubl					9.3:1
	1972–1974 US	2 x SU HIF6	Template:Cvt at 5800 rpm		Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm		8.7:1
B20D	1969–1971<ref name="man-tp756"/>	2 x SU HIF6	Template:Cvt at 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt at 5300 rpm	Template:Cvt at 3000 rpm	Template:Cvt at 2800 rpm	9.3:1
	1972<ref name="man-tp858"/>		Template:Cvt at 5500 rpm	Template:Cvt at 5300 rpm
B20E	1970–1971<ref name="man-tp756"/>Template:Rp	Bosch D-Jetronic	Template:Cvt at 6000 rpm	Template:Cvt at 6000 rpm	Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm	Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm	10.5:1
	1972–1973<ref name="man-tp961"/>		Template:Cvt at 6000 rpm	Template:Cvt at 6000 rpm
	1974<ref name="man-tp1043"/>	Bosch K-Jetronic					10.2:1
B20F	1972	Bosch D-Jetronic	Template:Cvt at 6000 rpm		Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm		8.7:1
	1973		Template:Cvt at 6000 rpm		Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm
	1974	Bosch K-Jetronic	Template:Cvt at 5500 rpm		Template:Cvt at 2500 rpm
	19751		Template:Cvt at 6000 rpm		Template:Cvt at 3500 rpm
Note: 1Template:Cvt and Template:Cvt when equipped with a catalytic converter.

See also

• List of Volvo engines
• Volvo B30 engine
• Volvo PV544
• Volvo P210 Duett
• Volvo 120 (Amazon)
• Volvo P1800
• Volvo 140
• Volvo 240
• Volvo C202

External links

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