Willis C. Hawley

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}}{{#if:|{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|no|yes}}|yes||}} }}{{#if:|{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|no|yes}}|yes||}} }}{{#if:|{{#if:||{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|no|yes}}|yes||}}}} }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=Template:Main other|preview=Page using Template:Infobox officeholder with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| regexp1 = 1blankname[%d]* | regexp2 = 1namedata[%d]* | regexp3 = 2blankname[%d]* | regexp4 = 2namedata[%d]* | regexp5 = 3blankname[%d]* | regexp6 = 3namedata[%d]* | regexp7 = 4blankname[%d]* | regexp8 = 4namedata[%d]* | regexp9 = 5blankname[%d]* | regexp10 = 5namedata[%d]* | allegiance | alma_mater | regexp11 = alongside[%d]* | alt | regexp12 = ambassador_from[%d]* | regexp13 = appointed[%d]* | regexp14 = appointer[%d]* | regexp15 = assembly[%d]* | awards | battles | battles_label | birth_date | birth_name | birth_place | birthname | regexp16 = blank[%d]* | bodyclass | branch | branch_label | cabinet | candidate | caption | categories | regexp17 = chancellor[%d]* | children | citizenship | regexp18 = co%-leader[%d]* | commands | committees | regexp19 = constituency[%d]* | regexp20 = constituency_AM[%d]* | regexp21 = constituency_MP[%d]* | regexp22 = convocation[%d]* | regexp23 = country[%d]* | regexp24 = data[%d]* | date | death_cause | death_date | death_manner | death_place | demo | regexp25 = deputy[%d]* | regexp26 = district[%d]* | education | election_date | embed | father | regexp28 = firstminister[%d]* | footnotes | regexp29 = governor[%d]* | regexp30 = governor_general[%d]* | regexp31 = governor%-general[%d]* | height | honorific_prefix | honorific-prefix | honorific_suffix | honorific-suffix | image | image name | image_name_alt | image_size | imagesize | image_upright | incumbent | regexp32 = jr/sr[%d]* | regexp33 = jr/sr and state[%d]* | known_for | regexp34 = leader[%d]* | regexp35 = legislature[%d]* | regexp36 = lieutenant[%d]* | regexp37 = lieutenant_governor[%d]* | mainwidth | regexp38 = majority[%d]* | regexp39 = majority_floor_leader[%d]* | regexp40 = majority_leader[%d]* | regexp41 = majorityleader[%d]* | mawards | regexp42 = military_blank[%d]* | regexp43 = military_data[%d]* | regexp44 = minister[%d]* | regexp45 = minister_from[%d]* | regexp46 = minority_floor_leader[%d]* | regexp47 = minority_leader[%d]* | regexp48 = minorityleader[%d]* | regexp49 = module[%d]* | regexp50 = monarch[%d]* | mother | name | nationality | native_name | native_name_lang | nickname | nocat | regexp51 = nominator[%d]* | nominee | occupation | regexp52 = office[%d]* | opponent | regexp53 = order[%d]* | otherparty | parents | regexp54 = parliament[%d]* | regexp55 = parliamentarygroup[%d]* | partner | party | party_election | portfolio | regexp56 = preceded[%d]* | regexp57 = preceding[%d]* | regexp58 = predecessor[%d]* | regexp59 = premier[%d]* | regexp60 = president[%d]* | regexp61 = primeminister[%d]* | regexp62 = prior_term[%d]* | profession | pronunciation | rank | rank_label | relations | relatives | residence | resting_place | resting_place_coordinates | restingplace | restingplacecoordinates | regexp63 = riding[%d]* | runningmate | salary | serviceyears | serviceyears_label | signature | signature_alt | signature_size | smallimage | smallimage_alt | source | speaker | speaker_office | spouse | spouses | regexp64 = state[%d]* | regexp65 = state_assembly[%d]* | regexp66 = state_delegate[%d]* | regexp67 = state_house[%d]* | regexp68 = state_legislature[%d]* | regexp69 = state_senate[%d]* | regexp70 = status[%d]* | regexp71 = suboffice[%d]* | regexp72 = subterm[%d]* | regexp73 = succeeded[%d]* | regexp74 = succeeding[%d]* | regexp75 = successor[%d]* | regexp76 = taoiseach[%d]* | regexp77 = term[%d]* | regexp78 = term_end[%d]* | regexp79 = term_label[%d]* | regexp80 = term_start[%d]* | regexp81 = termend[%d]* | regexp82 = termlabel[%d]* | regexp83 = termstart[%d]* | regexp84 = title[%d]* | unit | unit_label | regexp85 = vicegovernor[%d]* | regexp86 = vicepremier[%d]* | regexp87 = vicepresident[%d]* | regexp88 = viceprimeminister[%d]* | regexp89 = assuming[%d]* | website | width | year }} Willis Chatman Hawley (May 5, 1864 – July 24, 1941) was an American politician and educator in the state of Oregon. A native of the state, he served as the president of Willamette University in Salem, Oregon, where he earned his undergraduate and law degrees before entering politics. A Republican, he served 13 terms as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Oregon, from 1907 to 1933. He is best known as a lead sponsor of the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act in 1930.

Early lifeEdit

Hawley was born on a farm in the old Belknap settlement near Monroe in Benton County, Oregon, on May 5, 1864.<ref name="annals">Template:Cite journal</ref> After he attended country schools, he entered college. In 1884, he graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree from Willamette University in Salem, Oregon.<ref name="annals"/> Hawley was the principal of the Umpqua Academy from 1884–86.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1888, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the school, and a Bachelor of Laws from the law department.<ref name="annals"/>

File:Smoot and Hawley standing together, April 11, 1929.jpg

Hawley (left) and Reed Smoot in April 1929, shortly before the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act passed the House

From 1888–1891, he served as president of the Oregon State Normal School at Drain, south of Eugene.<ref name="annals"/> In 1890, he earned a master's degree from Willamette. In 1891, he joined the faculty at Willamette.<ref name="annals"/> Hawley became the president of Willamette, serving as president from 1893 to 1902, while he was a professor of history and economics for sixteen years at Willamette.<ref name="congbio">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Then, he engaged in a variety of business and educational ventures before entering politics.<ref name="congbio"/> Hawley became a member of the National Forest Reservation Commission and a member of the Special Committee on Rural Credits, created by Congress in 1915.<ref name="congbio"/> He served as a member of the Commission for the Celebration of the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the Birth of President and General George Washington.<ref name="congbio"/>

PoliticsEdit

In 1906, Hawley won Oregon's 1st Congressional District as a Republican.<ref name="congbio"/> He was then re-elected every two years to Congress for the next 12 sessions of Congress.<ref name="congbio"/> Hawley served in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1907, until March 3, 1933.<ref name="congbio"/>

While in Congress, he was chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means for the Seventieth and Seventy-first Congresses. In 1930, Hawley was a co-sponsor of the Smoot–Hawley Tariff, which raised import tariffs to record levels.<ref name="congbio"/>

In 1932, Hawley was defeated in his bid for renomination to his House seat, and left office in March 1933.<ref name="congbio"/> He returned to Salem, where he practiced law.<ref name="congbio"/>

Death and burialEdit

He died on July 24, 1941, at the age of 77 in Salem, and was buried in Salem's City View Cemetery.<ref name="congbio"/>

ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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