XCF (file format)
Template:Short description Template:Multiple issues
XCF, short for eXperimental Computing Facility,<ref> {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} </ref> is the native image format of the GIMP image-editing program. It saves all of the data the program handles related to the image, including, among others, each layer, the current selection, channels, transparency, paths and guides.
Prior to version 4 (GIMP 2.10.0, released on 2018-04-27), the saved image data are compressed only by a simple RLE algorithm, but GIMP supports compressed files, using gzip, bzip2, or xz. The compressed files can be opened as normal image files. Since version 4, the image data can be compressed by zlib instead.
The XCF file format is backward compatible (all versions of GIMP can open earlier versions' files) and in some cases, forward compatible. For example, GIMP 2.0 can save text in text layers while GIMP 1.2 cannot. Text layers saved in GIMP 2.0 will open as ordinary image layers in GIMP 1.2. However, XCF files containing layer groups, a feature introduced in GIMP 2.7, cannot be opened with GIMP 2.6.
Despite some use in other programs<ref name="seashore"> {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} </ref><ref name="inkscape"> {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} </ref><ref name="irfanview"> {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} </ref><ref name="mediawiki"> {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} </ref><ref name="sdl"> {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} </ref> (see §software support), the use of XCF as a data interchange format is not recommended by the developers of GIMP, <ref> Template:Cite mailing list </ref> since the format reflects GIMP's internal data structures and there may be minor format changes in future versions. Instead, a collaborative effort between the developers of GIMP and Krita is underway to design a standardised raster file format called OpenRaster (modelled on the OpenDocument format) for future use in both applications, and likely in others also.
GIMP's Save dialog saves in the XCF format: starting with version 2.8, other formats with import/export support were moved to an Export dialog.
Software supportEdit
A partial list of image viewers and conversion software.
| application | XCF-capable? | notes |
|---|---|---|
| GIMP | Template:Yes | program for which the format was developed |
| Seashore | Template:Yes<ref name="seashore" /> | lightweight native Mac OS X image editing program based on the GIMP |
| CinePaint | Template:Partial | fork of GIMP with support for 16-bit and 32-bit floating point channels, and 16-bit integer channels; the XCF file format used in CinePaint has diverged from the GIMP's native format, so XCF files created in GIMP cannot be opened in CinePaint, and vice versa |
| DBGallery | Template:Partial | displays multi-layer non-indexed images and allows indexing, searching and other photo database operation |
| ImageMagick | Template:Partial | has an XCF reader module that can read single-layer non-indexed images |
| Project Dogwaffle | Template:Partial | (including PD Pro, PD Particles and PD Artist) imports XCF files using the ImageMagick library |
| Krita | Template:Partial | imports XCF files using the GraphicsMagick library |
| Kolourpaint | Template:Yes | can read XCF files using KDE's image I/O library plugin, like any other KDE program |
| Gwenview | Template:Partial | can display multi-layer non-indexed images |
| Digikam | Template:Partial | can display multi-layer non-indexed images |
| Imagine | Template:Partial | can display single-layer non-indexed images |
| XnView | Template:Partial | can display single-layer non-indexed images |
| Inkscape | Template:Partial<ref name="inkscape" /> | added support for XCF export in the 0.44 release |
| IrfanView | Template:Yes<ref name="irfanview" /> | can display multi-layer images (composite image and individual layers) with a plugin |
| Paint.NET | Template:Yes | can load and save multi-layer .xcf/.xcfgz/.xcfbz2 images (via ImXCF.FileType plugin) |
| PhotoLine | Template:Partial | loads multi-layer images with layer masks and blend modes |
| Chasys Draw IES | Template:Yes | can load and save multi-layer .xcf/.xcfgz/.xcfbz2 images (from version 3.71.02) |
| MediaWiki and thus Wikimedia Commons | Template:Partial<ref name="mediawiki" /> | supports XCF files that are compatible with GIMP 2.6 or 2.8, and when the color mode is RGB or grayscale |
| Corel Photo-Paint | Template:Partial | can load multi-layer images, support some layer modes |
| Photopea | Template:Yes | online image editor which can open XCF files and convert to other formats including Photoshop's PSD |
| SDL2_image | Template:Yes<ref name="sdl" /> | development library |