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Adoption
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{{Short description|Parenting a child in place of the original parents}} {{Other uses}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} [[File:Children at New York Foundling cph.3a23917.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Sister Irene]] of New York Foundling Hospital with children. Sister Irene is among the pioneers of modern adoption, establishing a system to board out children rather than institutionalize them.]] '''Adoption''' is a process whereby a person assumes the [[parenting]] of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents. Legal adoptions permanently transfer all [[rights]] and responsibilities, along with [[filiation]], from the biological parents to the adoptive parents. Unlike [[guardianship]] or other systems designed for the care of the young, adoption is intended to effect a permanent change in status and as such requires societal recognition, either through legal or religious sanction. Historically, some societies have enacted specific laws governing adoption, while others used less formal means (notably contracts that specified [[inheritance]] rights and [[parental responsibility (access and custody)|parental responsibilities]] without an accompanying transfer of [[filiation]]). Modern systems of adoption, arising in the 20th century, tend to be governed by comprehensive [[statute]]s and regulations.
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