Editing Almuce (section)

{{Short description|Hood-like shoulder cape worn as a choir vestment in the Middle Ages}}
[[Image:Geistlicher im Pelz.jpg|thumb|Almuce, worn by a Roman Catholic priest, Fribourg, {{circa|1900}}]]
An '''almuce''' was a hood-like shoulder cape worn as a choir [[vestment]] in the Middle Ages, especially in England. Initially, it was worn by the general population.<ref name=Gale>"A New Look for Women." Arts and Humanities Through the Eras. Gale. 2005. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020095000/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G2-3427400451.html |date=2018-10-20 }}</ref> It found lasting use by certain [[canons regular]], such as the white almutium worn on the arm by [[Premonstratensians|Premonstratensian]] canons. Use of fur-lined almuce was against the rules of the canons, leading to requests for dispensations from the rule, as described by Alison Fizzard.<ref>Alison D. Fizzard, 'Shoes, Boots, Leggings, and Cloaks: The Augustinian Canons and Dress in Later Medieval England,' ''The Journal of Brigish Studies''April, 2007, pp. 245-262 published on line Dec. 2012.</ref> It also survives in the tippet and hood worn by some [[Anglican ministry|Anglican priests]].

The almuce or amess is defined by E.&nbsp;L. Cutts as a [[tippet]] of black cloth with a hood attached, lined with fur, worn in choir by canons, and in some counties of England by parochial rectors.<ref>Cutts, E.&nbsp;L. (1895) ''A Dictionary of the Church of England''; 3rd ed. London: S.P.C.K.; pp. 17-18</ref> The [[academic dress|academic hood]] is a derivative from the medieval almuce.

The almuce was originally a head-covering only, worn by the clergy, but adopted also by the laity, and the German word ''Mütze'' "cap" and Swedish ''mössa''<ref name="Hellquist2003">{{cite book|last=Hellquist|first=Elof|authorlink=Elof Hellquist|title=Svensk etymologisk ordbok|url=https://runeberg.org/svetym/0595.html|year=2003|publisher=Gleerups|isbn=978-91-40-01978-3}}</ref> "[[toque]]" is later than the introduction of the almuce in church, and is derived from it.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Almuce|volume=1|pages=718-719}} This cites:
* [[Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange]], ''Glossarium'', s. "Almucia"
* Joseph Braun, ''Die liturgische Gewandung'', p. 359, &c. (Freiburg im Breisgau, 1907)</ref>