Editing Ammonia solution (section)

{{Short description|Chemical compound}}
{{use dmy dates |date=April 2021}}
{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477000138
| Name = Ammonia solution
| ImageFileL1 = Ammonia-3D-balls.png
| ImageNameL1 = Ball-and-stick model of the ammonia molecule
| ImageFileR1 = Water-3D-balls.png
| ImageNameR1 = Ball-and-stick model of the water molecule
| ImageFileL2 = Ammonium-3D-balls.png
| ImageNameL2 = Ball-and-stick model of the ammonium cation
| ImageFileR2 = Hydroxide-3D-balls.png
| ImageNameR2 = Ball-and-stick model of the hydroxide anion
| IUPACName = Ammonium hydroxide 
| OtherNames = {{Unbulleted list|Ammonia water}}
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 1336-21-6
| CASNo1 = 7664-41-7 
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 14218
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 18219
| EC_number = 215-647-6
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = C01358
| PubChem = 14923
| RTECS = BQ9625000
| UNNumber = 2672
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 5138Q19F1X
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/H3N.H2O/h1H3;1H2
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| InChI =1/H3N.H2O/h1H3;1H2
| InChIKey = VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYAI
| SMILES = [OH2].[NH3]
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Properties_ref = <ref name="GESTIS">{{GESTIS|ZVG=1750|Name=Ammonia solution}}.</ref>
| Formula = NH<sub>3</sub>(aq)
| MolarMass = 17.031 g/mol
| Appearance = Colourless liquid
| Odor = "Fishy", highly pungent
| Density = 0.91 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (25 % w/w)<br />0.88&nbsp;g/cm<sup>3</sup> (35 % w/w)
| MeltingPtC = −57.5
| MeltingPt_notes = (25 % w/w)<br />−91.5&nbsp;°C (35% w/w)
| BoilingPtC = 37.7
| BoilingPt_notes = (25 % w/w)
| Solubility = Miscible
| pKb =
| MagSus = −31.5{{e|−6}} cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = −80 kJ/mol<ref name=b1>{{cite book| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles 6th Ed.| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 978-0-618-94690-7|page=A22}}</ref>
| Entropy = 111 J/(mol·K)<ref name=b1/>
 }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [https://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0215.htm ICSC 0215] (10%-35% solution)
| MainHazards = Moderately toxic and irritating towards mucous membranes
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 1
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-S = COR
| Hazards_ref = <ref>[https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/substance/external/100.014.225 C&L Inventory].</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GESTIS-Stoffdatenbank |url=https://gestis.dguv.de/data?name=001750 |website=gestis.dguv.de}}</ref>
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}} {{GHS06}} {{GHS07}} {{GHS09}}
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|314|335|410}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|P261|271|273|280|303+361+353|305+351+338}}
| LD50 = 100 — 200 mg/kg<ref>Ammonium hydroxide toxicity</ref>
}}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Ammonium chloride]]<br />[[Ammonium cyanide]]
| OtherCations = [[Tetramethylammonium hydroxide]]
| OtherCompounds = [[Ammonia]]<br />[[Hydroxylamine]]
}}
}}
'''Ammonia solution''', also known as '''ammonia water''', '''ammonium hydroxide''', '''ammoniacal liquor''', '''ammonia liquor''', '''aqua ammonia''', '''aqueous ammonia''', or (inaccurately) '''ammonia''', is a solution of [[ammonia]] in water. It can be denoted by the symbols NH<sub>3</sub>(aq).  Although the name ammonium hydroxide suggests a [[Salt (chemistry)|salt]] with the [[chemical formula|composition]] {{chem|[NH|4|+|][OH|-|]}}, it is impossible to isolate samples of NH<sub>4</sub>OH. The ions {{chem|NH|4|+}} and OH<sup>−</sup> do not account for a significant fraction of the total amount of ammonia except in extremely dilute solutions.<ref>{{Housecroft2nd|page=187}}</ref>

The concentration of such solutions is measured in units of the [[Baumé scale]] ([[density]]), with 26 degrees Baumé (about 30% of ammonia by weight at {{convert|15.5|°C|°F|disp=or}}) being the typical high-concentration commercial product.<ref name=LaRoche>{{cite web |url=http://www.airgasspecialtyproducts.com/UserFiles/laroche/PDF/AAPhysical.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071127011850/http://www.airgasspecialtyproducts.com/UserFiles/laroche/PDF/AAPhysical.pdf |archive-date=27 November 2007 |title=Ammonium hydroxide physical properties}}</ref>