Editing Anaphylaxis (section)

{{short description|Life-threatening allergic reaction}}

{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc}}{{Infobox medical condition (new)
| name = Anaphylaxis
| types = Anaphylactoid reaction, anaphylactic shock, biphasic anaphylaxis
| image = 
| field = [[Emergency medicine]], [[Allergy and immunology]]
| symptoms = Itchy rash, throat swelling, numbness, shortness of breath, lightheadedness, low blood pressure,<ref name=NIH2015/> vomiting
| complications = 
| onset = Over minutes to hours<ref name=NIH2015/>
| duration = 
| causes = Insect bites, foods, medications,<ref name=NIH2015/> drugs/vaccines
| risks = 
| diagnosis = Based on symptoms<ref name=IAP2003>{{cite book|last1=Caterino|first1=Jeffrey M.|last2=Kahan|first2=Scott|title=In a Page: Emergency medicine|date=2003|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9781405103572|page=132|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O0LwFPZDKbsC&pg=PA132|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184018/https://books.google.ca/books?id=O0LwFPZDKbsC&pg=PA132|archive-date=2017-09-08}}</ref>
| differential = [[Allergic reaction]], [[asthma exacerbation]], [[carcinoid syndrome]]<ref name=IAP2003/>
| prevention = 
| treatment = [[Epinephrine (medication)|Epinephrine]], [[intravenous fluids]]<ref name=NIH2015/>
| medication = 
| frequency = 0.05–2%<ref name=World11/>
| deaths = 
}}
<!--Definition and symptoms  -->

'''Anaphylaxis''' (Greek: {{lang|grc-latn|ana-}} 'up' + {{lang|grc-latn|phylaxis}} 'guarding') is a serious, potentially fatal [[Allergy|allergic reaction]] and [[medical emergency]] that is rapid in onset and requires immediate medical attention regardless of the use of emergency medication on site.<ref name="Samp2006">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sampson HA, Muñoz-Furlong A, Campbell RL |title= Second symposium on the definition and management of anaphylaxis: summary report—Second National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network symposium |journal= The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology |volume= 117 |issue= 2 |pages= 391–7 |date= February 2006 |pmid= 16461139|doi= 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.1303|display-authors= etal|doi-access= free |url=https://www.jacionline.org/article/S0091-6749%2805%2902723-5/fulltext }}</ref><ref name="Tint10">{{cite book |author= Tintinalli, Judith E. |title= Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide (Emergency Medicine (Tintinalli))|publisher= McGraw-Hill Companies |location= New York |year= 2010 |pages= 177–182 |isbn= 978-0-07-148480-0 }}</ref> It typically causes more than one of the following: an itchy rash, throat closing due to swelling that can obstruct or stop breathing; severe tongue swelling that can also interfere with or stop breathing; [[shortness of breath]], [[vomiting]], lightheadedness, loss of consciousness, [[Hypotension|low blood pressure]], and [[Shock (circulatory)|medical shock]].<ref name="Overview - Anaphylaxis">{{cite web |author1=NHS |title=Overview – Anaphylaxis |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anaphylaxis/ |website=NHS (National Health Service) |publisher=British government |access-date=4 March 2022 |location=United Kingdom |language=English |date=29 November 2019}}</ref><ref name="NIH2015" /> 

These symptoms typically start in minutes to hours and then increase very rapidly to life-threatening levels.<ref name="NIH2015" /> Urgent medical treatment is required to prevent serious harm and death, even if the patient has used an [[epinephrine autoinjector]] or has taken other medications in response, and even if symptoms appear to be improving.<ref name="Overview - Anaphylaxis" />