Editing Antipope Anacletus II (section)

{{Short description|Antipope from 1130 to 1138}}
{{more footnotes|date=March 2012}}

{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = antipope
| name = Anacletus II
| image = 
| enthroned = 1130
| ended = January 25, 1138
| predecessor = ''[[Roman Catholic Church|Roman]] claimant:'' <br> [[Pope Honorius II|Honorius II]] <br> ''[[Antipope|Antipapal]] claimant:'' <br> [[Antipope Celestine II|Celestine II]]
| successor = ''Roman claimant:'' <br> [[Pope Innocent II|Innocent II]] <br> ''Antipapal claimant:'' <br> [[Antipope Victor IV (1138)|Victor IV]]
| opposed = [[Pope Innocent II]]
| ordination = 
| consecration = 
| other_post = 
| birth_name = Pietro Pierleoni
| birth_date = 
| birth_place = 
| death_date = January 25, 1138
| death_place = [[Rome]]
| buried = 
| residence = Rome
| parents = [[Pier Leoni]]
| alma_mater = 
| other = 
| honorific_prefix = Antipope
}}
'''Anacletus II''' (died January 25, 1138), born '''Pietro Pierleoni''', was an [[antipope]] who ruled in opposition to [[Pope Innocent II]] from 1130 until his death in 1138. After the death of [[Pope Honorius II]], the college of [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|cardinals]] was divided over his successor. Unusually, the election was entrusted to eight cardinals, who elected Gregorio Papareschi as [[Pope Innocent II|Innocent II]]. A larger body of cardinals then elected Pierleoni, which led to a major [[Schism in Christianity|schism]] in the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]]. Anacletus had the support of most Romans, including the [[Frangipani family]], and Innocent was forced to flee to [[France]]. North of the [[Alps]], Innocent gained the crucial support of the major religious orders, in particular [[Bernard of Clairvaux]]'s [[Cistercians]], the Abbot of [[Cluny Abbey|Cluny]] [[Peter the Venerable]]; and [[Norbert of Xanten]], the [[Archbishopric of Magdeburg|Archbishop of Magdeburg]] who established the [[Premonstratensians]] and held a high rank in the court of the German [[Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Lothar III]]. 

The lack of support from these key figures left Anacletus with few patrons outside of Rome. Anacletus, with little remaining support, lived for several years and died with the crisis unresolved. In 1139 the [[Second Council of the Lateran|second Lateran Council]] ended the schism, although opinion remained divided.<ref>{{cite book|first=George L.|last=Williams|title=Papal Genealogy: The Families and Descendants of the Popes|publisher=McFarland & Company, Inc.|year=1998|page=24}}</ref>