Editing Apache (section)

{{Short description|Indigenous peoples of the United States}}
{{other uses}}
{{Pp|small=yes}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2014}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group            = Apache
| image            = 
| caption          = 
| population       = 194,715 (self-identified)<ref name="2021 American Community Survey">{{cite web|title=The American Community Survey|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=apache+population&t=-23&tid=ACSSPP1Y2021.S0201|access-date=5 May 2023|archive-date=6 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506003122/https://data.census.gov/table?q=apache+population&t=-23&tid=ACSSPP1Y2021.S0201|url-status=live}}</ref>
| popplace         = Southwest United States ([[Arizona]], [[New Mexico]], [[Colorado]], [[Texas]], [[Oklahoma]]) and Northern [[Mexico]] ([[Sonora]], [[Coahuila]], [[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]] and [[Tamaulipas]])<ref name=inali2023>[https://www.inali.gob.mx/detalle/lengua-ndee-nnee-nde] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304094548/https://www.inali.gob.mx/detalle/lengua-ndee-nnee-nde |date=2024-03-04 }} Lengua N'dee/N'nee/Ndé</ref><br />[[Canada]]: 825 residents of Canada identified as having Apache ancestry in the [[2016 Canadian census]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/abpopprof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&B1=All&C1=All&SEX_ID=1&AGE_ID=1&RESGEO_ID=1 |date=21 June 2018 |publisher=Statistics Canada |access-date=31 December 2021 |archive-date=30 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130040007/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/abpopprof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Data=Count&SearchText=canada&SearchType=Begins&B1=All&C1=All&SEX_ID=1&AGE_ID=1&RESGEO_ID=1 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| langs            = [[Apache language|Apache]], [[Jicarilla language|Jicarilla]], [[Plains Apache language|Plains Apache]], [[Lipan language|Lipan Apache]], [[Mescalero-Chiricahua language|Mescalero-Chiricahua]], [[Western Apache language|Western Apache]],<ref name=ethnologue>{{cite web|title=Apache|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/apachean-0|website=Ethnologue|publisher=SIL International|access-date=25 November 2015|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225003345/https://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/apachean-0|url-status=live}}</ref> [[English language|English]], and [[Spanish language|Spanish]]
| rels             = [[Native American Church]], [[Christianity]], [[Indigenous religion]]
| related          = [[Navajo people|Navajo]] and other [[Athabascan language]]-speaking tribes
}}

The '''Apache''' ({{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|p|æ|tʃ|i}} {{respell|ə|PATCH|ee}}) are several [[Southern Athabaskan language]]-speaking peoples of the [[Southwestern United States|Southwest]], the [[Southern Plains]] and Northern [[Mexico]]. They are linguistically related to the [[Navajo]]. They migrated from the [[Athabascan]] homelands in the north into the Southwest between 1000 and 1500 CE.<ref name="monaz">{{cite web |title=Apache |url=https://musnaz.org/on-view/native-peoples-of-the-colorado-plateau/apache/ |publisher=Museum of Northern Arizona |access-date=29 October 2023 |archive-date=29 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231029141600/https://musnaz.org/on-view/native-peoples-of-the-colorado-plateau/apache/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Apache bands include the [[Chiricahua]], [[Jicarilla Apache|Jicarilla]], [[Lipan Apache people|Lipan]], [[Mescalero]], [[Mimbreño Apache|Mimbreño]], [[Salinero Apaches|Salinero]], [[Plains Apache|Plains]], and [[Western Apache]] ([[San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation|Aravaipa]], [[Pinaleño Mountains|Pinaleño]], [[Fort Apache Indian Reservation|Coyotero]], and [[Tonto Apache|Tonto]]). Today, Apache tribes and [[Indian reservation|reservations]] are headquartered in [[Arizona]], [[New Mexico]], [[Texas]], and [[Oklahoma]], while in Mexico the Apache are settled in Sonora, Chihuahua, [[Coahuila]] and areas of [[Tamaulipas]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historia de la lengua y cultura n'dee/n'nee/ndé |url=https://contigoenladistancia.cultura.gob.mx/detalle/conversatorio-historia-de-la-lengua-y-cultura-n-dee-n-nee-nde-hacia-el-registro-en-el-catalogo-de-las-lenguas-indigenas-nacionales-clin- |access-date=2024-04-02 |archive-date=2022-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221022035458/https://contigoenladistancia.cultura.gob.mx/detalle/conversatorio-historia-de-la-lengua-y-cultura-n-dee-n-nee-nde-hacia-el-registro-en-el-catalogo-de-las-lenguas-indigenas-nacionales-clin- |url-status=live }}</ref> Each [[Native American tribe|tribe]] is politically autonomous.

Historically, the Apache homelands have consisted of high mountains, sheltered and watered valleys, deep canyons, deserts, and the southern [[Great Plains]], including areas in what is now Eastern Arizona, [[Northern Mexico]] ([[Sonora]] and [[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]]) and [[New Mexico]], [[West Texas]], and [[South-Central Colorado|Southern Colorado]]. These areas are collectively known as [[Apacheria]].

The Apache tribes fought the [[Conquistador|invading Spanish]] and Mexican peoples for centuries. The first Apache raids on [[Sonora]] appear to have taken place during the late 17th century. In 19th-century confrontations during the [[American Indian Wars]], the [[United States Army|U.S. Army]] found the Apache to be fierce warriors and skillful strategists.