Editing Ariès (section)

{{For|another use|Philippe Ariès}}
[[Image:Ariès 1907.JPG|thumb|1907 Ariès]]
The '''Ariès''' was a French [[automobile]] manufactured by '''La Société des Automobile Ariès''' in [[Asnières-sur-Seine]]. The firm was founded in 1902 by Baron {{interlanguage link|Charles Petiet|fr}}. The decision to end production was taken in 1937.<ref name=Automobilia1937>{{cite journal| title =Automobilia| journal = Toutes les voitures françaises 1937 (Salon [Oct] 1936)| volume = 3| pages = 13|year = 1997|publisher=Histoire & collections|location=Paris }}</ref> Around 20,000 vehicles were produced in total.<ref name="Hemmings" >{{Cite journal
  |title=Ariès Narrow-Angle V-4
  |date=March 2013
  |author=David Traver Adolphus
  |journal=[[Hemmings Motor News]]
  |url=http://www.hemmings.com/hmn/stories/2013/03/01/hmn_feature22.html
}}</ref>

The first cars were [[two-cylinder (engine)|two-]] and [[four-cylinder]] vehicles built 20 [[chassis]] at a time in a large factory.  These [[shaft-drive]] cars had a rather unusual double [[rear axle]],{{clarify|date=October 2013}} while the engines were built by [[Aster (auto parts company)|Aster]].

In 1907 the company made its own narrow-angle [[V4 engine]]. The engine had a single cast iron [[monobloc head|monobloc]] on a light alloy crankcase. This contained four cylinders in a square layout with a narrow 15° vee angle.<ref name="Hemmings" /> Bore and stroke were 60 by 100mm, giving a capacity of 1.13 litres.<ref name="Hemmings" /> It was rated at 8/10 [[fiscal horsepower]]. The [[crankshaft]] was short with [[disc web]]s, two main bearings and [[fork-and-blade connecting rod]]s. [[Crankpin]]s and [[main bearing|main journal]]s were held in the webs by tapers and a shallow nut, giving the effect of an [[undercut crankshaft]]. This made the engine extremely compact overall, {{convert|12.2|inch|disp=flip}} long, {{convert|11.3|inch|disp=flip}} wide and {{convert|22.4|inch|disp=flip}} tall.<ref name="Hemmings" /> The intention was to offer this compact engine as a replacement that would fit into a wide range of other vehicles. The crankshaft was drilled for a [[oil pump (internal combustion engine)|pressure oil feed]] to the crankpins, an advanced feature for this time, but the pistons and gudgeon pins were still lubricated by [[splash lubrication|splash]].

In 1910 Ariès introduced a V6 engine on the same pattern for the 10/14&nbsp;hp S6.
[[File:AutobusOmnibus.png|thumbnail|Ariès omnibus in [[Prague]], 1908]]
[[File:Aries Berline, 4 Places, 1932 (France).jpg|thumb|Ariès 1932]]
Ariès entered the field of [[commercial vehicle]] production in 1910, mainly for the purpose of supplying the [[French army]]; the works built mainly military trucks during [[World War I]], as well as [[Hispano-Suiza]] [[aero engine]]s.

After the war the company presented three new models; one was a four-cylinder, a 7 [[CV (tax horsepower)|cv]] [[Overhead camshaft|OHC]] 1085 cc, while the other two were variations on a 15cv 3-litre.<ref name="Georgano">{{cite book|last=Georgano|first=Nick|title=The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile|year=2000|publisher=Stationery Office|location=London|isbn=0117023191|pages=1792}}</ref>  One had a [[sidevalve]] Aster unit, while the second featured a sporty OHC engine; some of these last were quite successful in racing events.

Ariès had some motor-racing success in the 1920s, particularly with associated, although without success, at the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]] and with more success in other [[touring car]] events.<ref name="Boddy" >{{Cite book
  |title=Continental Sports Cars
  |first=William  |last=Boddy
  |author-link=William Boddy
  |year=1951
  |publisher=[[G.T. Foulis]]  |location=London
  |chapter=Ariés
  |pages=29–30
}}</ref> Their most successful drivers wore [[Robert Laly]] and [[Jean Chassagne]], driving the 3 litre cars.<ref name="Boddy" />

Ariès stopped production of its 1100 cc and 3-liter cars, which had become obsolete, during the financial crisis of the 1930s.  They were replaced in the catalogue with new 1500 cc and 2-liter models with an odd arrangement of a [[three-speed]] [[gearbox]] augmented by two-speed gears in the back axle, for a total of six speeds forward.<ref name="Georgano" />  Named the Super 10-50, few were made.<ref name="Georgano" />

After the [[Second World War|war]], Ariès attempted a comeback, briefly producing [[moped]] engines under the name [[ABG (company)|ABG]].