Editing Arthritis (section)

{{Short description|Type of joint disorder}}
{{Distinguish|Arteritis}}
{{For|the journal|Arthritis (journal){{!}}''Arthritis'' (journal)}}
{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Infobox medical condition
| name            = Arthritis
| pronounce       = {{IPAc-en|ɑːr|ˈ|θ|r|aɪ|t|ɪ|s}}<ref>{{cite web|title=arthritis noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary|url=https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/arthritis|website=www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com|access-date=14 December 2017}}</ref>
| image           = Rheumatoid Arthritis.JPG
| caption         = A hand affected by [[rheumatoid arthritis]], an [[autoimmune]] form of arthritis
| alt             = photograph of elderly hand depicting advanced rheumatoid arthritis
| field           = [[Rheumatology]]
| symptoms        = [[Joint pain]], stiffness, redness, [[joint effusion|swelling]], decreased [[range of motion]]<ref name=niams/><ref name=cdc-ar/>
| complications   = [[Amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome]]<ref name=ChildrensHealth>{{cite web |url=https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/amplified-musculoskeletal-pain-syndrome-amps |title=Amplified Musculoskeletal Pain Syndrome (AMPS) |publisher=Children's Health}}</ref>
| onset           =
| duration        =
| types           = > 100, most common ([[osteoarthritis]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]])<ref name=cdc-ar/><ref name=niams-liv/>
| causes          =
| risks           = Family history, age, sex trait, previous joint injury, obesity.<ref name="mayo">{{cite web |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/arthritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350772|title=Arthritis|publisher=[[Mayo Clinic]]|date=29 August 2023 |access-date=30 January 2025}}</ref> 
| diagnosis       =
| differential    =
| prevention      =
| treatment       = Resting, applying ice or heat, weight loss, exercise, [[joint replacement]]<ref name=niams-liv/>
| medication      = [[Ibuprofen]], [[paracetamol]] (acetaminophen)<ref name="mayo-pain">{{cite web|publisher=Mayo Clinic|date=20 September 2023|access-date=30 January 2025|url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/arthritis/in-depth/arthritis/art-20046440|title=Arthritis pain: Do's and don'ts}}</ref>
| frequency       =
| deaths          =
}}

<!-- Definition and symptoms -->
'''Arthritis''' is a general medical term used to describe a disorder that affects [[joint]]s.<ref name="niams">{{cite web|date=September 2023|title=Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases|url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/arthritis-and-rheumatic-diseases|access-date=30 January 2025 |publisher=National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, US National Institutes of Health}}</ref> [[Symptoms]] generally include [[joint pain]] and stiffness.<ref name=niams/> Other symptoms may include redness, warmth, [[Joint effusion|swelling]], and decreased [[range of motion]] of the affected joints.<ref name=niams/><ref name=cdc-ar>{{cite web|title=Arthritis|url=https://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/basics/index.html |publisher=US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|date=22 March 2024|access-date=30 January 2025}}</ref> In certain types of arthritis, other organs such as the skin are also affected.<ref name=niams-liv>{{cite web |title=Living With Arthritis: Health Information Basics for You and Your Family|url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/community-outreach-initiative/understanding-joint-health/living-with-arthritis|publisher=National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, US National Institutes of Health|date=May 2023|access-date=30 January 2025 }}</ref> Onset can be gradual or sudden.<ref name=cdc-ar/>

<!-- Cause and diagnosis -->
There are several types of arthritis.<ref name=niams/><ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Clegg HB, Jackson L |title=Eating well to fight arthritis: 200 easy recipes and practical tips to help reduce inflammation and ease symptoms |year=2013 |publisher=Favorite Recipes Press |isbn=978-0-9815640-5-0 |oclc=854909375}}</ref><ref name=Ath2013>{{cite book| vauthors = Athanasiou KA, Darling EM, Hu JC, DuRaine GD, Reddi AH |title=Articular Cartilage|date=2013 |publisher=CRC Press|isbn=9781439853252|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bn_RBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA105 |page=105}}</ref>  The most common forms are [[osteoarthritis]] (most commonly seen in weightbearing joints) and [[rheumatoid arthritis]].<ref name=niams/> Osteoarthritis usually occurs as an individual ages and often affects the hips, knees, shoulders, and fingers.<ref name=niams-liv/> Rheumatoid arthritis is an [[autoimmune disorder]] that often affects the hands and feet.<ref name=niams-liv/> Other types of arthritis include [[gout]], [[lupus]], and [[septic arthritis]].<ref name=cdc-ar/><ref name=niams-liv/> These are inflammatory based types of [[rheumatic disease]].<ref name=niams/>

<!-- Treatment -->
Early treatment for arthritis commonly includes resting the affected joint and conservative measures such as heating or icing.<ref name=niams-liv/> Weight [[Weight loss|loss]] and exercise may also be useful to reduce the force across a weightbearing joint.<ref name=niams-liv/> Medication intervention for symptoms depends on the form of arthritis.<ref name=niams-liv/> These may include anti-inflammatory medications such as [[ibuprofen]] and [[paracetamol]] (acetaminophen). With severe cases of arthritis, [[joint replacement]] surgery may be necessary.<ref name=niams-liv/>

<!-- Epidemiology and history -->
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis affecting more than 3.8% of people, while rheumatoid arthritis is the second most common affecting about 0.24% of people.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = March L, Smith EU, Hoy DG, Cross MJ, Sanchez-Riera L, Blyth F, Buchbinder R, Vos T, Woolf AD | display-authors = 6 | title = Burden of disability due to musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders | journal = Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology | volume = 28 | issue = 3 | pages = 353–366 | date = June 2014 | pmid = 25481420 | doi = 10.1016/j.berh.2014.08.002 }}</ref> In Australia about 15% of people are affected by arthritis,<ref name=ABS2015>{{cite web|website=ABS |url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/allprimarymainfeatures/F6CE5715FE4AC1B1CA257AA30014C725?opendocument|access-date=14 January 2017 |title=National Health Survey|date=8 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116162239/http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/allprimarymainfeatures/F6CE5715FE4AC1B1CA257AA30014C725?opendocument|archive-date=16 January 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> while in the United States more than 20% have a type of arthritis.<ref name=cdc-ar/> Overall arthritis becomes more common with age.<ref name=niams/> Arthritis is a common reason people are unable to carry out their work and can result in decreased ability to complete activities of daily living.<ref name=niams/><ref name=cdc-ar/> The term arthritis is derived from ''[[wikt:arthr-|arthr-]]'' (meaning 'joint') and ''[[wikt:-itis#English|-itis]]'' (meaning 'inflammation').<ref>{{cite book| veditors = Waite M |title=Paperback Oxford English Dictionary|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press |place=Oxford |isbn=9780199640942 |page=35|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mYicAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA35 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220150636/https://books.google.com/books?id=mYicAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA35|archive-date=20 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|vauthors=Leonard C|title=Quick & Easy Medical Terminology - E-Book|date=2015|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780323370646 |page=160|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_h2KCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA160}}</ref>