Editing Asch conformity experiments (section)

{{Short description|Series of psychology studies}}
In [[psychology]], the '''Asch conformity experiments''' were, or the '''Asch paradigm''' was, a series of studies directed by [[Solomon Asch]] studying if and how individuals yielded to or defied  a [[majority (sociology)|majority group]] and the effect of such influences on beliefs and opinions.<ref name="Asch1951">{{Cite book |last=Asch |first=Solomon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DGjQAAAAMAAJ |title=Groups, Leadership and Men: Research in Human Relations |date=1951 |publisher=Carnegie Press |isbn=978-0-608-11271-8 |pages=177–190 |language=en |chapter=Effects of group pressure on the modification and distortion of judgments}}</ref><ref name="Asch1952b">Asch, S.E. (1952b). "Social psychology". Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice Hall.</ref><ref name="Asch1955">{{cite journal |last1=Asch |first1=S.E. |year=1955 |title=Opinions and social pressure |journal=Scientific American |volume=193 |issue=5 |pages=31–35 |doi=10.1038/scientificamerican1155-31 |bibcode=1955SciAm.193e..31A|s2cid=4172915 }}</ref><ref name="Arsch1956">{{cite journal |last1=Asch |first1=S.E. |year=1956 |title=Studies of independence and conformity. A minority of one against a unanimous majority |journal=Psychological Monographs |volume=70 |issue=9 |pages=1–70 |doi=10.1037/h0093718}}</ref>

Developed in the 1950s, the methodology remains in use by many researchers. Uses include the study of conformity effects of  [[Conformity#Different stimuli|task importance]],<ref name="Milgram">{{cite journal |last1=Milgram |first1=S |year=1961 |title=Nationality and conformity |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=milgram-nationality-conformity |journal=Scientific American |volume=205 |issue=6 |page=6 |doi=10.1038/scientificamerican1261-45 |bibcode=1961SciAm.205f..45M|url-access=subscription }}</ref> [[Conformity#Age|age]],<ref name="Pasupathi">{{cite journal |last1=Pasupathi |first1=M |year=1999 |title=Age differed in response to conformity pressure for emotional and nonemotional material |journal=Psychology and Aging |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=170–74 |pmid=10224640 |doi=10.1037/0882-7974.14.1.170}}</ref> [[Conformity#Gender|sex]],<ref name="CooperHM">{{cite journal |last1=Cooper |first1=H.M. |year=1979 |title=Statistically combined independent studies: A meta-analysis of sex differences in conformity research |journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology |volume=37 |pages=131–146 |doi=10.1037/0022-3514.37.1.131}}</ref><ref name="Eagly78">{{cite journal |last1=Eagly |first1=A.H. |year=1978 |title=Sex differences in influenceability |journal=Psychological Bulletin |volume=85 |pages=86–116 |doi=10.1037/0033-2909.85.1.86}}</ref><ref name="EaglyCarli">{{cite journal |last1=Eagly |first1=A.H. |last2=Carli |first2=L. |year=1981 |title=Sex of researchers and sex-typed communications as determinants of sex differed in influenceability: A meta-analysis of social influence studies |journal=Psychological Bulletin |volume=90 |issue=1 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1037/0033-2909.90.1.1}}</ref><ref name="BondSmith">{{cite journal |last1=Bond |first1=R. |last2=Smith |first2=P.B. |year=1996 |title=Culture and conformity: A meta-analysis of studies using Asch's (1952b, 1956) line judgement task |url=http://www.radford.edu/~jaspelme/_private/gradsoc_articles/individualism_collectivism/conformity%20and%20culture.pdf |journal=Psychological Bulletin |volume=119 |issue=1 |pages=111–137 |doi=10.1037/0033-2909.119.1.111 |access-date=2012-11-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924084055/http://www.radford.edu/~jaspelme/_private/gradsoc_articles/individualism_collectivism/conformity%20and%20culture.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-24 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Conformity#Culture|culture]].<ref name="Milgram" /><ref name="BondSmith" />