Editing Assembly of Experts (section)

{{Short description|Iranian governmental body}}
{{for|the 4th constituent assembly in Iran|Assembly of Experts for Constitution}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
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{{Infobox legislature
|name              = Assembly of Experts
|coa_pic           = Emblem of Iran.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert
|coa_res           = 150px
|coa_caption       = [[Emblem of Iran]]
| logo_pic          = Majlese sena 1.jpg{{!}}border
| logo_res          = 250
| logo_caption      = Assembly of Experts building, [[Tehran]]
|session_room      = Assembly of Experts.jpg
|house_type        = 
|leader1_type      = [[List of chairmen of the Assembly of Experts|Chairman]]
|leader1           = [[Mohammad-Ali Movahedi Kermani]]
|election1         = 21 May 2024
|leader2_type      = First Deputy Chairman
|leader2           = [[Hashem Hosseini Bushehri]]
|election2         = 21 May 2024
|leader3_type      = Second Deputy Chairman
|leader3           = [[Alireza Arafi]]
|election3         = 21 May 2024
|members           = 88
|structure1        ={{Switcher|[[File:Parliamentaoe6.svg|300px]]|By alliance|[[File:ParliamentAOE6.svg|300px]]|By party }}
|structure1_res    = 200px
|political_groups1 = 
 {{Collapsible list
 | title =By alliance
|{{Color box|#0077B6}} [[Iranian Principlists|Principlists]] (59)
|{{Color box|#48D1CC}} [[Iranian Reformists|Reformists]] (1)
|{{Color box|#CDCDCD}} [[Independent politician|Independents]] (26)
|{{Color box|#FFFFFF}} Vacant (2)
}}
{{Collapsible list
 | title =By party
|{{Color box|#477979}} [[The Two Societies|TTS]] (60)
|{{Color box|#8D9075}} [[Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom|SST]] (8)
|{{Color box|#7996E2}} [[Combatant Clergy Association|CCA]] (6)
|{{Color box|#CDCDCD}} [[Independent politician|IND]] (12)
|{{Color box|#FFFFFF}} Vacant (2)
}}
|voting_system1   = Multi-seat districts: [[Plurality-at-large voting]]<br />Single-seat districts: [[First-past-the-post voting]]<ref name="OUP">{{cite book |first1=Dieter |last1=Nohlen |author-link1=Dieter Nohlen |first2=Florian |last2=Grotz |first3=Christof |last3=Hartmann |year=2001 |title=Elections in Asia: A Data Handbook |chapter=Iran |volume=I |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |page=64 |isbn=0-19-924958-X}}</ref>
|term_length      = 8 years<ref name="OUP"/>
|last_election1    = [[2024 Iranian Assembly of Experts election|1 March 2024]]
|meeting_place     =
|website           = {{URL|http://www.majlesekhobregan.ir/}}
}}
{{Politics of Iran}}
The '''Assembly of Experts''' ({{langx|fa|مجلس خبرگان رهبری|majles-e xobregân-e rahbari}}), also translated as the '''Assembly of Experts of the Leadership''' or as the '''Council of Experts''', is the deliberative body empowered to appoint the [[Supreme Leader of Iran]].<ref>Article 107 of the [[Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran|Constitution of Iran]]</ref><ref>Article 111 of the [[Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran|Constitution of Iran]]</ref> All directly elected members must first be vetted by the [[Guardian Council]].

All candidates to the Assembly of Experts must be approved by the Guardian Council whose members are, in turn, appointed either directly or indirectly by the Supreme Leader.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/dec/14/rafsanjani-breaks-taboo-over-selection-of-irans-next-supreme-leader |title=Rafsanjani breaks taboo over selection of Iran's next supreme leader |newspaper=The Guardian |date=14 December 2015 |access-date=17 December 2016 |archive-date=18 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161218132154/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/dec/14/rafsanjani-breaks-taboo-over-selection-of-irans-next-supreme-leader |url-status=live }}</ref> The Assembly consists of 88 [[Ijtihad#Shia|Mujtahids]] that are elected<ref name="ReferenceA">(see Article 108 of the constitution)</ref><ref name="servat.unibe.ch">{{cite web |url=http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/ir00000_.html |title=ICL – Iran – Constitution |first=Prof. Dr. Axel Tschentscher |last=LL.M. |website=servat.unibe.ch |access-date=6 April 2018 |archive-date=21 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821093931/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/ir00000_.html |url-status=live }}</ref> from lists of thoroughly vetted candidates (in 2016 166 candidates were approved by the Guardians out of 801 who applied to run for the office),<ref>{{cite news|title=Elections in Iran: The great candidate cull: Choose any candidate you like—after the mullahs have excluded reformers|url=https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21693277-choose-any-candidate-you-likeafter-mullahs-have-excluded-reformers-great|access-date=20 February 2016|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|date=20 February 2016}}</ref> by direct public vote for eight-year terms.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/iranian.studies/Policy%20Brief%201.pdf |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20070630133328/http://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/iranian.studies/Policy%20Brief%201.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=30 June 2007 |title=Understanding Iran's Assembly of Experts |access-date=2012-07-28}}</ref> The number of members has ranged from 82 elected in 1982 to 88 elected in 2016. Current laws require the assembly to meet at least twice every six months.<ref>[http://www.khobregan.ir/persian/ashnaee/07.htm] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070309141123/http://www.khobregan.ir/persian/ashnaee/07.htm|date=9 March 2007}}</ref><ref>Robin Wright, ''The Last Great Revolution: Turmoil and Transformation in Iran'', Alfred A. Knopf, 2000</ref>