Editing Azazil (section)

{{distinguish|Azazel}}
{{Short description|Name of Iblis before he was expelled from heaven}}
[[File:Angels watching Iblis not prostrating before Adam.png|thumb|Two angels turn back and see with alarm that Iblīs (''ʿAzāzīl'') will not bow down before [[Adam]]. Painting from a manuscript of ʿAjāʾib al-makhlūqāt (Wonders of Creation) of al-Ṭūsī Salmānī, 14th century.]]
{{Islam}}
[[File:Angels (malāʾika) meet Adam.png|thumb|The angels meet Adam, and seem to share, albeit to a lesser degree, the defiant reaction of Iblīs, who stands at the back haughtily turning his head away. According to tradition, God created Iblīs as a beautiful angel called ''ʿAzāzīl'' and he is depicted as such here. He is portrayed with his characteristic darker skin to denote his impending fall, but he has wings of an angel and wears the contemporary ‘angelic hairstyle,’ a loop of hair tied on top of the head.]]

'''Azazil''' ([[Arabic language|Arabic]]: عزازيل ''ʿAzāzīl'', {{langx|tr|Azâzîl}}; also known as [[Arabic language|Arabic]]: حارث ''Ḥārith'') is a figure in [[Islam]]ic tradition, and believed to be the original name of [[Iblis|Satan]] (''Iblīs'').<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Aloiane |first1=Z. A. |title=Anthropomorphic Representation of Evil in Islam and Some Other Traditions. Cross-Cultural Approach |journal=Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae |date=1996 |volume=49 |issue=3 |pages=423–434 |jstor=43391301 }}</ref> According to various Islamic beliefs, ''ʿAzāzīl'' was the master of the [[Angels in Islam|angels]] and the strongest and most knowledgeable of them, before his pride led to his downfall.<ref>Kızılkaya (نجم الدين كز يلكايا), N.Kızılkaya, N. (2021). They Cannot Be Left to the Brutality of a Cruel Group: An Ottoman Scholar’s Treatise on Dogs [لا يمكن تركهم لمواجهة وحشية مجموعة من قساة القلوب: رسالة عالم عثماني حول الكلاب]. Journal of Islamic Ethics, 6(1), 122-140. https://doi.org/10.1163/24685542-12340075</ref><ref>Rosenthal, F. (2015). "Materials for an Appraisal of Knowledge as a Societal Force". In Man versus Society in Medieval Islam. Leiden, Niederlande: Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004270893_018</ref>

''ʿAzāzīl'' is mentioned in Islamic complementary narratives, such as  ''[[tafsir|tafsīr]]'' (authorized exegesis of the Quran) and [[Qisas al-Anbiya]]. According to a ''[[Hadith|ḥadīth]]'' by [[ibn Abbas]], Satan was once an angel called ''ʿAzāzīl'' or ''al-Ḥārith''. He states that [[God in Islam|God]] created most angels from "[[Nūr (Islam)|light]]" (''Nūr''), but ''ʿAzāzīl'' and the angels with him from "[[Nar as-samum|poisonous fire]]" (''nār as-samūm''). The [[djinn]] were created from "a mixture of fire" (''mārijin min nār'').<ref name=Erdağı>Erdağı, Deniz Özkan. "Evil in Turkish Muslim horror film: the demonic in “Semum”." SN Social Sciences 4.2 (2024): 1-22.</ref>

The djinn were the first to inhabit the world and God entrusted them to govern the earth. When corruption increased among them, God sent an army of angels under the leadership of ''ʿAzāzīl'' to punish them. After driving the djinn away, ''ʿAzāzīl'' grew arrogant. When God creates a successor to the djinn and commands the angels to prostrate themselves before the new creation, ''ʿAzāzīl'' refuses, claiming that he is better. Thereupon, he is condemned to hell.