Editing Bacteriocin (section)

{{Short description|Class of bacterially produced peptide antibiotics}}
{{Infobox protein family
| Symbol = Lactococcin
| Name = Lactococcin-like family
| image = 
| width = 
| caption = 
| Pfam = PF04369
| Pfam_clan = CL0400 
| InterPro = IPR007464
| SMART = 
| PROSITE = 
| MEROPS = 
| SCOP = 
| TCDB = 1.C.22
| OPM family = 141
| OPM protein = 6gnz
| CAZy = 
| CDD = 
}}
{{Infobox protein family
| Symbol = Lactococcin_972
| Name = Bacteriocin (Lactococcin_972)
| image =Lactococcin 972 PDB=2LGN.png 
| width = 
| caption =7.4 kDa Lactococcin 972 {{PDB|2LGN}} 
| Pfam = PF09683
| Pfam_clan =  
| InterPro = IPR006540
| SMART = 
| PROSITE = 
| MEROPS = 
| SCOP = 
| TCDB = 1.C.37
| OPM family = 457
| OPM protein = 2lgn
| CAZy = 
| CDD = 
}}

'''Bacteriocins''' are [[protein]]aceous or [[peptide|peptidic]] [[toxin]]s produced by [[bacteria]] to inhibit the growth of similar or closely related bacterial strain(s). They are similar to [[yeast]] and [[paramecium]] killing factors, and are structurally, functionally, and ecologically diverse. Applications of bacteriocins are being tested to assess their application as narrow-spectrum antibiotics.<ref name="CotterRoss2012">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cotter PD, Ross RP, Hill C | title = Bacteriocins - a viable alternative to antibiotics? | journal = Nature Reviews. Microbiology | volume = 11 | issue = 2 | pages = 95–105 | date = February 2013 | pmid = 23268227 | doi = 10.1038/nrmicro2937 | s2cid = 37563756 }}</ref>

Bacteriocins were first discovered by André Gratia in 1925.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Gratia A |title=Sur un remarquable exemple d'antagonisme entre deux souches de coilbacille |trans-title=On a remarkable example of antagonism between two strains of coilbacille |language=fr |journal=Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. |volume=93 |pages=1040–2 |year=1925 |id={{NAID|10027104803}} }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gratia JP | title = André Gratia: a forerunner in microbial and viral genetics | journal = Genetics | volume = 156 | issue = 2 | pages = 471–6 | date = October 2000 | doi = 10.1093/genetics/156.2.471 | pmid = 11014798 | pmc = 1461273 | url = http://www.genetics.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11014798 }}</ref>  He was involved in the process of searching for ways to kill bacteria, which also resulted in the development of antibiotics and the discovery of [[bacteriophage]], all within a span of a few years.  He called his first discovery a ''colicine'' because it was made by ''[[Escherichia coli|E. coli]].''