Editing Bashkirs (section)

{{Short description|Turkic ethnic group}}
{{Other uses|Bashkir (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group            = Bashkirs
| native_name      = {{native name|ba|Башҡорттар}}
| native_name_lang = ba
| flag             = Flag of Bashkortostan.svg
| flag_caption     = Flag of [[Bashkortostan]]
| population       = 1.59 million<ref name="perepis">{{cite news|last=Lewis|first=M. Paul|year=2009|url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bak|title=Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th edition|newspaper=Ethnologue|publisher=Dallas, Tex.: SIL International}}</ref>
| popplace         = [[File:Bashkirs by federal subject 2010.svg|center|frameless|260x260px]]
{{Flagcountry|Russia}}{{nbsp|2}}1,571,879<ref>[http://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Tom5_tab1_VPN-2020.xlsx Ethnic groups of Russia in the 2021 census]. {{in lang|ru}}</ref><br /> • {{flag|Bashkortostan}} 1,268,806
| region2          = {{flag|Kazakhstan}}
| pop2             = 19,996 (2023)
| ref2             = {{cn|date=December 2024}}
| region3          = {{flag|Uzbekistan}}
| pop3             = 3,707 (2000)
| ref3             = {{cn|date=December 2024}}
| region4          = {{flag|Ukraine}}
| pop4             = 3,200
| ref4             = <ref name="un.org">[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dybcensus/V2_table4.xls Population by national and/or ethnic group, sex and urban/rural residence: each census, 1985—2003]</ref>
| region5          = {{flag|Belarus}}
| pop5             = 607 (2009)
| region6          = {{flag|Turkmenistan}}
| pop6             = 3,820 (1995)
| ref6             = <ref name="tm">{{cite web|url= http://asgabat.net/turkmenistan/itogi-vseobschei-perepisi-naselenija-turkmenistana-po-nacionalnomu-sostavu-v-1995-godu.html|title= Итоги всеобщей переписи населения Туркменистана по национальному составу в 1995 году|access-date= 2013-03-11|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130313015500/http://asgabat.net/turkmenistan/itogi-vseobschei-perepisi-naselenija-turkmenistana-po-nacionalnomu-sostavu-v-1995-godu.html |archive-date= 2013-03-13}}</ref>
| region7          = {{flag|Moldova}}
| pop7             = 600
| ref7             = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php?reg=9|title=Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей.|website=www.demoscope.ru}}</ref>
| region8          = {{flag|Latvia}}
| pop8             = 205 (2023)
| ref8             = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.stat.gov.lv/pxweb/en/OSP_PUB/START__POP__IR__IRE/IRE010/table/tableViewLayout1/|title=Population by ethnicity at the beginning of year – Time period and Ethnicity &#124; National Statistical System of Latvia |website=data.stat.gov.lv}}</ref><ref>[https://www.pmlp.gov.lv/lv/media/9756/download?attachment Latvijas iedzīvotāju sadalījums pēc nacionālā sastāva un valstiskās piederības, 01.01.2023. - PMLP]</ref>
| region9          = {{flag|Lithuania}}
| pop9             = 84 (2011)
| region10         = {{flag|Estonia}}
| pop10            = 112
| ref10            = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://andmed.stat.ee/et/stat|title=Vali tabel|website=andmed.stat.ee}}</ref>
| region11         = {{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}
| pop11            = 1,111
| ref11            = <ref>[Национальный статистический комитет Кыргызской Республики. Численность постоянного населения по национальностям по переписи 2009 года]</ref>
| region12         = {{flag|Georgia}}
| pop12            = 379
| ref12            = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php?reg=6|title=Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей.|website=www.demoscope.ru}}</ref>
| region13         = {{flag|Azerbaijan}}
| pop13            = 533
| ref13            = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php?reg=7|title=Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей.|website=www.demoscope.ru}}</ref>
| region14         = {{flag|Armenia}}
| pop14            = 145
| ref14            = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php?reg=13|title = Демоскоп Weekly – Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей}}</ref>
| region15         = {{flag|Tajikistan}}
| pop15            = 143 (2010)
| ref15            = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stat.tj/ru/img/526b8592e834fcaaccec26a22965ea2b_1355501132.pdf|title=Перепись населения и жилищного фонда Республики Таджикистан 2010 года|access-date=2024-10-26|archive-date=2013-10-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014054442/http://www.stat.tj/ru/img/526b8592e834fcaaccec26a22965ea2b_1355501132.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| langs            = [[Bashkir language|Bashkir]], [[Russian language|Russian]], [[Tatar language|Tatar]]<ref name="языки">{{cite web |url= http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol4/pub-04-08.pdf |title= 8. НАСЕЛЕНИЕ НАИБОЛЕЕ МНОГОЧИСЛЕННЫХ |publisher= Gks.ru |access-date= 2015-03-16 |archive-date= 2019-07-13 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190713195309/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol4/pub-04-08.pdf }}{{Dead link|date=May 2025 |fix-attempted=yes |url=}}</ref>
| rels             = [[Sunni Islam]]
| related          = [[Kazakhs]],<ref name="Бижанова">{{cite journal |author = Бижанова М. Р. |editor=  |format= |url= http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/bashkiro-kazahskie-otnosheniya-v-xviii-veke |title= Башкиро-казахские отношения в XVIII веке |journal= Вестник Башкирского Университета|type= журнал | agency =  |edition= Вестник Башкирского университета  |year= 2006 |volume= 11 |number= 4|pages = 146–147}}</ref> [[Nogais]],<ref>{{cite book |last=Trepavlov |first=Vadim|date=2002|title=History of the Nogai Horde|url= https://d37e98a2-3644-435d-b7be-ef61b4252a03.selcdn.net/distr/files/ministerstvodistr8/e8cf3af04aba4ced20ee350d16a7f38c.pdf|location=Moscow |publisher=«Восточная литература»|page=72, 205, 210|isbn=5-02-018193-5}}</ref> [[Crimean Tatars]],<ref>Салихов А.Г. [https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=29059842 О башкирско-крымско-татарских культурных связях]. Издательство "ГУП РБ Издательский Дом «Республика Башкортостан»", Уфа, 2017</ref> [[Hungarians]]<ref>Nature.com [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-44272-6] Y-chromosomal connection between Hungarians and geographically distant populations of the Ural Mountain region and West Siberia, 2019.</ref>{{failed verification|date=May 2025}}
}}

The '''Bashkirs''' ({{IPAc-en|UK|b|æ|ʃ|ˈ|k|ɪə|z}} {{respell|bash-KEERZ}}, {{IPAc-en|US|b|ɑː|ʃ|ˈ|k|ɪər|z}} {{respell|bahsh-KEERZ}}) or '''Bashkorts''' ({{langx|ba|Башҡорттар|Başqorttar}}, {{IPA|ba|bɑʂ.qʊɾt.ˈtaɾ|pron}}; {{langx|ru|Башкиры}}, {{IPA|ru|bɐʂˈkʲirɨ|pron}}) are a [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] ethnic group indigenous to [[Russia]]. They are concentrated in [[Bashkortostan]], a [[Republics of Russia|republic of the Russian Federation]] and in the broader [[historical region]] of [[Badzhgard]], which spans both sides of the [[Ural Mountains]], where [[Eastern Europe]] meets [[North Asia]]. Smaller communities of Bashkirs also live in the [[Tatarstan|Republic of Tatarstan]], [[Perm Krai]] the [[Oblasts of Russia|oblasts]] of [[Chelyabinsk Oblast|Chelyabinsk]], [[Orenburg Oblast|Orenburg]], [[Tyumen Oblast|Tyumen]], [[Sverdlovsk Oblast|Sverdlovsk]], [[Kurgan Oblast|Kurgan]] and other regions in [[Russia]]; sizeable minorities exist in [[Kazakhstan]] and [[Uzbekistan]].

[[File:Baschkiren, Baymak rayon 2.jpg|thumb|Bashkirs in traditional clothing]]

Most Bashkirs speak the [[Bashkir language]], which is similar to the [[Kazakh language]]. The Bashkir language belongs to the [[Kipchak languages|Kipchak]] branch of [[Turkic languages]]; they share historical and cultural affinities with the broader [[Turkic peoples]]. Bashkirs are mainly [[Sunni Islam|Sunni Muslims]] of the [[Hanafi school]] [[madhhab]], or school of jurisprudence, and follow the [[Jadid]] doctrine. Previously nomadic and fiercely independent, the Bashkirs gradually came under Russian rule beginning in the 16th century; they have since played a major role through the history of Russia, culminating in their autonomous status within the Russian Empire, Soviet Union and post-Soviet Russia.