Editing Bat-eared fox (section)

{{Short description|Species of carnivorans}}
{{good article}}
{{cs1 config|name-list-style=serial}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Bat-eared fox<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Wozencraft  |pages =  |id=14000832}}</ref>
| fossil_range = [[Chibanian]]–Recent<ref name="Lars-2010" /><br />{{Fossil range|0.3|0}}
| image = Otocyon megalotis - Etosha 2014.jpg
| image_caption = 
| image_alt = A bat-eared fox standing among grasses
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 11 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Hoffmann, M. |date=2014 |title=''Otocyon megalotis'' |volume=2014 |page=e.T15642A46123809 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T15642A46123809.en |access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref>
| display_parents = 2
| genus = Otocyon
| parent_authority = [[Salomon Müller|S. Müller]], 1835
| species = megalotis
| authority = ([[Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest|Desmarest]], 1822)
| subdivision_ranks = Subspecies
| subdivision = *''O. megalotis megalotis''
*''O. megalotis virgatus''
| synonyms = *''Canis megalotis'' Desmarest, 1822
*''Canis lalandii'' Desmoulins, 1823
*''Otocyon caffer'' S. Müller, 1836
*''Agriodus auritus'' H. Smith, 1840
*''Otocyon virgatus'' Miller, 1909
*''Otocyon canescens'' Cabrera, 1910
*''Otocyon steinhardti'' Zukowsky, 1924
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="Clark2005" />
| range_map = Otocyon megalotis range ssp.svg
| range_map_caption = {{legend|#2e9d1e|&nbsp;''O. m. megalotis'' range}} {{legend|#e94644|&nbsp;''O. m. virgatus'' range}}
}}

The '''bat-eared fox''' ('''''Otocyon megalotis''''') is a species of [[fox]] found on the African [[savanna]]. It is the only extant species of the genus ''Otocyon'' and a [[Basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] species of [[Canidae|canid]]. Fossil records indicate this canid first appeared during the [[Chibanian|middle Pleistocene]]. There are two separate populations of the bat-eared fox, each of which makes up a subspecies. The bat referred to in its colloquial name is possibly the [[Egyptian slit-faced bat]] (''Nycteris thebaica''), which is abundant in the region and has very large ears. Other vernacular names include big-eared fox, black-eared fox, long-eared fox, Delalande's fox, cape fox, and motlosi.

It is named for its large ears, which have a role in [[thermoregulation]]. It is a small canid, being of comparable size to the closely related [[cape fox]] and [[common raccoon dog]]. Its fur varies in color depending on the subspecies, but is generally tan-colored and has [[guard hair]]s of a grey [[agouti (coloration)|agouti]] color. The bat-eared fox is found in [[Southern Africa|Southern]] and [[East Africa]], though the two subspecies are separated by an unpopulated region spanning approximately {{Convert|1000|km|abbr=on}}. In its range, the bat-eared fox digs dens for shelter and to raise its young, and lives in social groups or pairs that hunt and [[Social grooming|groom]] together.

The bat-eared fox eats mainly [[Insect|insects]]&mdash;a diet unique among canids. It forages in arid and semi-arid environments, preferring regions with bare ground and where [[ungulate]]s keep grasses short, and locates prey by using its hearing, walking slowly with its nose to the ground and ears tilted forwards. Most of its diet is made up of [[harvester termites]], which also hydrates the bat-eared fox, as it does not drink from free-standing water. By feeding on harvester termites, it acts as a means of population control for these insects, which are considered pests in regions populated by humans. In such regions, it has been hunted for its fur. No major threats to the bat-eared fox exist, and as such it is considered to be a [[least-concern species]].