Editing Bat Ye'or (section)

{{Short description|British essayist and conspiracy theorist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox person
|name        = Gisèle Littman
|image= Bat Ye'or in 2014.png
|caption= Littman in 2014
|birth_name  = Gisèle Orebi
|other_names   = Bat Ye'or ({{langx|he|בת יאור}})
|birth_date  = {{Birth year and age|1933}}
|birth_place = [[Zamalek]], [[Cairo]], [[Kingdom of Egypt|Egypt]]
|occupation  = Writer, author
|nationality = British, Swiss
|signature=
|alma_mater  = [[University College London]]<br />[[University of Geneva]]
|genre=
|spouse =  {{marriage|[[David Littman (activist)|David Littman]]|1959|2012|end=died}}
|children = 3
|known_for = ''[[Dhimmitude]]''<br>[[Eurabia conspiracy theory]]
}}
'''Gisèle Littman''' ({{nee|'''Orebi'''}}; born 1933), better known by her [[pen name]] '''Bat Ye'or''' ({{langx|he|בת יאור}}, ''Daughter of the Nile''), is an Egyptian-born, British-Swiss<ref name="carr"/><ref name="jpost">{{cite news|url=https://www.jpost.com/features/one-on-one-a-dhimmi-view-of-europe|title=One on One: A 'dhimmi' view of Europe|first=Ruthie Blum|last=Leibowitz|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=9 July 2008|accessdate=4 November 2024}}</ref> author and historian,<ref name="carr"/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/listen/radionational/archived/religionreport/full-transcript--bat-yeor/3433612|title=Program: Full Transcript : Bat Ye'or|first=Stephen|last=Crittenden|work=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=23 November 2004|accessdate=4 November 2024}}</ref> known for her promulgation of the [[Eurabia conspiracy theory]]. She claims that [[Islam]], and its perceived [[anti-Americanism]], [[anti-Christian sentiment]] and [[antisemitism]] hold sway over European culture and politics.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.meforum.org/eurabia-europes-future|title=Eurabia - Europe’s Future?|author=Bat Ye'or|date=7 February 2005|accessdate=4 November 2024}}</ref>

Ye'or has also written about the history of Christian and Jewish [[Minority religion|religious minorities]] living under Islamic governments, as part of which Ye'or has popularised the term ''[[dhimmitude]]'' to define the treatment of religious minorities in such contexts.<ref name=Griffiths>{{cite journal|author=Sidney H. Griffith|date=November 1998|title=The Decline of Eastern Christianity under Islam: From Jihad to Dhimmitude, Seventh-Twentieth Century (review)|journal=[[International Journal of Middle East Studies]]|volume=30|issue=4|pages=619–21|doi=10.1017/S0020743800052831|jstor=164368|s2cid=162396249 }}</ref>