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Biochemical oxygen demand
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{{Short description|Oxygen needed to remove organics from water}} [[File:BOD test bottles (biological oxygen demand) (3231600029).jpg|thumb|BOD test bottles at the laboratory of a [[wastewater treatment]] plant]] '''Biochemical oxygen demand''' (also known as '''BOD''' or '''biological oxygen demand''') is an [[analytical chemistry|analytical]] [[parameter]] representing the amount of [[Oxygenation (environmental)|dissolved oxygen]] (DO) consumed by aerobic bacteria growing on the organic material present in a water sample at a specific temperature over a specific time period. The BOD value is most commonly expressed in milligrams of oxygen consumed per liter of sample during 5 days of incubation at 20 Β°C and is often used as a surrogate of the degree of [[Organic compound|organic]] [[water pollution]].<ref name="Sawyer">{{cite book |author1=Clair N. Sawyer |author2=Perry L. McCarty |author3=Gene F. Parkin |title=Chemistry for Environmental Engineering and Science |edition=5th | location=New York |year=2003 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn=978-0-07-248066-5}}</ref> Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) reduction is used as a gauge of the effectiveness of [[Sewage treatment|wastewater treatment]] plants. BOD of wastewater effluents is used to indicate the short-term impact on the oxygen levels of the receiving water. BOD analysis is similar in function to [[chemical oxygen demand]] (COD) analysis, in that both measure the amount of [[organic compound]]s in water. However, COD analysis is less specific, since it measures everything that can be chemically oxidized, rather than just levels of biologically oxidized organic matter.
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