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Blepharitis
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{{Short description|Inflammation of the eyelid}} {{Infobox medical condition (new) | name = Blepharitis | image = Infant with blepharitis on the right side.jpg | caption = An infant with mild blepharitis on his right side | pronounce = {{IPAc-en|b|l|ɛ|f|ə|ˈ|r|aɪ|t|ᵻ|s}} {{respell|BLEF|ər|EYE|tis}} | synonyms = | field = [[Ophthalmology]], [[Optometry]] | symptoms = crusty eyelids | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} '''Blepharitis''', sometimes known as '''granulated eyelids''', is one of the most common ocular conditions characterized by [[inflammation]], scaling, [[Erythema|reddening]], and crusting of the [[eyelid]]. This condition may also cause swelling, burning, itching, or a grainy sensation when introducing foreign objects or substances to the eye. Although blepharitis by itself is not sight-threatening, it can lead to permanent alterations of the eyelid margin. The primary cause is bacteria and inflammation from [[Meibomian gland dysfunction|congested meibomian oil glands]] at the base of each eyelash. Other conditions may give rise to blepharitis, whether they be infectious or noninfectious, including, but not limited to, [[bacterial infection]]s or [[allergies]]. Different variations of blepharitis can be classified as seborrheic, [[Staphylococcal infection|staphylococcal]], mixed, posterior or meibomitis, or [[Parasitic disease|parasitic]].<ref name="vaughan2">{{cite book|title=Vaughan & Asbury's general ophthalmology.| vauthors = Cunningham ET, Riordan-Eva P |publisher=McGraw-Hill Medical|isbn=978-0071634205|edition=18th|date=2011-05-17}}</ref> In a survey of US ophthalmologists and optometrists, 37% to 47% of patients seen by those surveyed had signs of blepharitis, which can affect all ages and ethnic groups.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=http://eyewiki.aao.org/Blepharitis |title=Blepharitis |vauthors=Singh Tonk R, Hossain K |work=EyeWiki |publisher=American Academy of Ophthalmology |date=4 September 2023 |access-date=29 October 2023 |archive-date=3 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203054539/https://eyewiki.aao.org/Blepharitis |url-status=live }}</ref> One single-center study of 90 patients with chronic blepharitis found that the average age of patients was 50 years old.<ref name=":0" /> The word is {{ety|el|''βλέφαρον'' (blepharon)|eyelid||-itis|inflammation of}}.
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