Editing Bojinka plot (section)

{{Short description|Terrorist attack planned for January 1995}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2011}}
{{Infobox civilian attack
| title            = Bojinka plot
| partof           = 
| image            = Philippine Airlines Bombing Aftermath.png
| image_size       = 
| alt              = 
| caption          = Aftermath of the fatal [[Philippine Airlines Flight 434]] bombing
| map              = 
| map_size         = 
| map_alt          = 
| map_caption      = 
| location         = [[Makati]], [[Philippines]] (Phase I)<br />[[Airspace]] (Phase II)<br />[[Langley, Virginia]], U.S. (Phase III)
| target           = [[Pope John Paul II]] (Phase I)<br />[[United States|American]] [[airliner]]s (Phase II)<br />[[CIA Headquarters]] (Phase III)
| coordinates      = 
| date             = Planned to be executed January 15–22, 1995; foiled on January 6–7, 1995
| time             = 
| timezone         = 
| type             = [[Islamic terrorism]], [[suicide attack]], [[bombing]] and [[aircraft hijacking]]
| fatalities       = 1 (test bomb in [[Philippine Airlines Flight 434]])
| injuries         = 10 (test bomb in [[Philippine Airlines Flight 434]])
| victims          = <!-- or | victim = -->
| perpetrators     = [[Al-Qaeda]] and [[Jemaah Islamiyah]]
| assailants       = <!-- or | assailant = -->
| susperps         = <!-- or | susperp = -->
| weapons          = [[Improvised explosive device]]<br />[[Cessna]] aircraft
| numparts         = <!-- or | numpart = -->
| dfens            = <!-- or | dfen = -->
| motive           = [[United States foreign policy in the Middle East]]<br /> [[Anti-Christian sentiment]]
| inquiry          = 
| coroner          = 
| accused          = [[Khalid Sheikh Mohammed]]
| convicted        = [[Ramzi Yusuf]]<br />[[Abdul Hakim Murad (militant)|Abdul Hakim Murad]]<br />[[Wali Khan Amin Shah]]
| verdict          = 
| convictions      = 
| charges          = 
| litigation       = 
| website          = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| module           = 
}}

[[Image:Ramzi Yousef.gif|thumb|upright|[[Ramzi Yousef]]]]

The '''Bojinka plot''' ({{IPAc-en|b|oʊ|'|dʒ|ɪ|ŋ|k|ə}} {{respell|boh|JING|kə}}; {{langx|ar|بوجينكا}}; {{langx|tl|Proyektong Bojinka}}) was a large-scale, three-phase [[terrorist]] attack planned by [[Ramzi Yousef]] and [[Khalid Sheikh Mohammed]] for January 1995. They planned to assassinate [[Pope John Paul II]]; blow up 11 [[airliners]] in flight from Asia to the United States, with the goal of killing approximately 4,000 passengers and shutting down air travel around the world; and crash a plane into [[George Bush Center for Intelligence|the headquarters]] of the United States [[Central Intelligence Agency]] (CIA) in [[Langley, Virginia|Langley]], [[Virginia]].<ref name="nyt09-11-15">{{cite news |last=Mazzetti |first=Mark |date=November 14, 2009 |title=Portrait of 9/11 'Jackal' Emerges as He Awaits Trial |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/15/us/15ksm.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902162201/https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/15/us/15ksm.html |archive-date=September 2, 2023 |access-date=November 15, 2009 |journal=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Lumpkin |first=John J. |title=Project Bojinka |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/security/profiles/project_bojinka.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080612073352/http://www.globalsecurity.org/security/profiles/project_bojinka.htm |archive-date=12 June 2008 |access-date=2010-11-06 |website=Global Security}}</ref>

Despite careful planning, the Bojinka plot was disrupted after a chemical fire drew the attention of the [[Philippine National Police]] – Western Police District (PNP-WPD, now known as Manila Police District PNP-MPD) on January 6–7, 1995. Yousef and Mohammed were unable to stage any of the three attacks. The only fatality resulted from a test bomb planted by Yousef on [[Philippine Airlines Flight 434]], which killed one person and injured 10 others. They also planted two other bombs in a shopping mall and theater in the southern Philippines. Elements of the Bojinka plot (including the plan to crash a plane into the CIA headquarters) would be used in the [[September 11 attacks]] on the [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]] and [[the Pentagon]], six years later.