Editing Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (section)

{{Short description|Protein found in humans}}
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'''Brain-derived neurotrophic factor''' ('''BDNF'''), or '''abrineurin''',<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/mm/ab5613p |title=Anti-Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Antibody, pro
|website=sigmaaldrich.com|access-date=20 August 2023}}</ref> is a [[protein]]<ref name="pmid15518235">{{cite journal | vauthors = Binder DK, Scharfman HE | title = Brain-derived neurotrophic factor | journal = Growth Factors | volume = 22 | issue = 3 | pages = 123–31 | date = September 2004 | pmid = 15518235 | pmc = 2504526 | doi = 10.1080/08977190410001723308 }} found in the {{what|date=September 2023}} and the periphery.</ref> that, in humans, is encoded by the ''BDNF'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid2236018">{{cite journal | vauthors = Jones KR, Reichardt LF | title = Molecular cloning of a human gene that is a member of the nerve growth factor family | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 87 | issue = 20 | pages = 8060–64 | date = October 1990 | pmid = 2236018 | pmc = 54892 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.87.20.8060 | bibcode = 1990PNAS...87.8060J | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="pmid1889806">{{cite journal | vauthors = Maisonpierre PC, Le Beau MM, Espinosa R, Ip NY, Belluscio L, de la Monte SM, Squinto S, Furth ME, Yancopoulos GD | title = Human and rat brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3: gene structures, distributions, and chromosomal localizations | journal = Genomics | volume = 10 | issue = 3 | pages = 558–68 | date = July 1991 | pmid = 1889806 | doi = 10.1016/0888-7543(91)90436-I }}</ref> BDNF is a member of the [[neurotrophin]] family of growth factors, which are related to the canonical [[nerve growth factor]] (NGF), a family which also includes [[NT-3]] and [[NT-4]]/NT-5. [[Neurotrophic factors]] are found in the [[brain]] and the periphery. BDNF was first isolated from a pig brain in 1982 by Yves-Alain Barde and Hans Thoenen.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kowiański P, Lietzau G, Czuba E, Waśkow M, Steliga A, Moryś J | title = BDNF: A Key Factor with Multipotent Impact on Brain Signaling and Synaptic Plasticity | journal = Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology | volume = 38 | issue = 3 | pages = 579–593 | date = April 2018 | pmid = 28623429 | pmc = 5835061 | doi = 10.1007/s10571-017-0510-4 }}</ref>

BDNF activates the [[TrkB]] [[tyrosine kinase receptor]].<ref name="auto">{{cite journal | vauthors = Squinto SP, Stitt TN, Aldrich TH, Valenzuela DM, DiStefano PS, Yancopoulos GD | title = trkB encodes a functional receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 but not nerve growth factor | journal = Cell | volume = 65 | issue = 5 | pages = 885–893 | date = May 1991 | pmid = 1710174 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90395-f | s2cid = 28853455 }}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Glass DJ, Nye SH, Hantzopoulos P, Macchi MJ, Squinto SP, Goldfarb M, Yancopoulos GD | title = TrkB mediates BDNF/NT-3-dependent survival and proliferation in fibroblasts lacking the low affinity NGF receptor | journal = Cell | volume = 66 | issue = 2 | pages = 405–413 | date = July 1991 | pmid = 1649703 | doi =  10.1016/0092-8674(91)90629-d | s2cid = 43626580 }}</ref>