Editing CLU (programming language) (section)

{{Short description|Type of programming language}}
{{more citations needed|date=February 2013}}
{{Infobox programming language
|name = CLU
|logo =
|paradigm = [[Multi-paradigm programming language|multi-paradigm]]: [[Object-oriented programming|object-oriented]], [[Procedural programming|procedural]]
|released = {{Start date and age|1975}}
|designer = [[Barbara Liskov]] and her students
|developer = [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]
|latest release version = Native CLU 1.5 ([[SPARC]], [[VAX]]) / {{Start date and age|1989|05|26}}<ref name="Native">{{cite web |url=http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/~dcurtis/clu/ |title=CLU home page |website=Programming Methodology Group, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory |publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology |first=Dorothy |last=Curtis |date=2009-11-06 |access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref><br />
Portable CLU / {{Start date and age|2009|11|06}}<ref name="Portable">{{cite web |url=ftp://ftp.lcs.mit.edu/pub/pclu |title=Index of /pub/pclu |website=Programming Methodology Group, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory |publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology |first=Dorothy |last=Curtis |date=2009-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210621151848/ftp://ftp.lcs.mit.edu/pub/pclu |archive-date=2021-06-21 |url-status=dead |access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref>
|latest release date = 
|typing = [[Strong typing|strong]]
|website = {{URL|pmg.csail.mit.edu/CLU.html}}
|implementations = PDP-10 CLU,<ref>{{cite web |title=CLU files, 1976–1989 |work=Tapes of Tech Square (ToTS) collection, MC-0741 |publisher=Department of Distinctive Collections, Massachusetts Institute of Technology |url=https://github.com/MITDDC/clu-1976-1989 |id=[https://archive.softwareheritage.org/swh:1:dir:5dc935d1c236b15a99b0750cf236b2d89ec951d0 swh:1:dir:5dc935d1c236b15a99b0750cf236b2d89ec951d0]}}</ref> Native CLU,<ref name="Native" /> Portable CLU,<ref name="Portable" /> clu2c<ref name="clu2c">{{cite web |url=http://woodsheep.jp/clu2c.html |title=clu2c |website=clu2c |publisher=woodsheep.jp |first=Tetsu |last=Ushijima |date=<!--Likely embedded in downloadable target or zip files.--> |access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref>
|dialects =
|influenced by = [[ALGOL 60]], [[Lisp (programming language)|Lisp]], [[Simula]], [[Alphard (programming language)|Alphard]]
|influenced = [[Ada (programming language)|Ada]], [[Argus (programming language)|Argus]], [[C++]],<ref name="history-of-cpp">{{cite book |last1=Stroustrup |first1=Bjarne |title=A History of C++: 1979--1991 |date=1996 |publisher=Association for Computing Machinery |location=New York, NY, USA |pages=699–769 |doi=10.1145/234286.1057836 |url=https://doi.org/10.1145/234286.1057836 |access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[Lua (programming language)|Lua]], [[Python (programming language)|Python]],<ref name="effbot-call-by-object">{{cite web |url=http://effbot.org/zone/call-by-object.htm |title=Call By Object |work=effbot.org |last=Lundh |first=Fredrik |quote=replace "CLU" with "Python", "record" with "instance", and "procedure" with "function or method", and you get a pretty accurate description of Python's object model. |access-date=21 November 2017 |archive-date=23 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123043655/http://effbot.org/zone/call-by-object.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]], [[Sather]], [[Swift (programming language)|Swift]]<ref name="lattner2014">{{cite web |url=http://nondot.org/sabre/ |title=Chris Lattner's Homepage |last=Lattner |first=Chris |date=2014-06-03|access-date=2014-06-03 |publisher=Chris Lattner |quote=The Swift language is the product of tireless effort from a team of language experts, documentation gurus, compiler optimization ninjas, and an incredibly important internal dogfooding group who provided feedback to help refine and battle-test ideas. Of course, it also greatly benefited from the experiences hard-won by many other languages in the field, drawing ideas from Objective-C, Rust, Haskell, Ruby, Python, C#, CLU, and far too many others to list.}}</ref>
}}

'''CLU''' is a  [[programming language]] created at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (MIT) by [[Barbara Liskov]] and her students starting in 1973.<ref name="History">Liskov, Barbara (1992). "A history of CLU". The second ACM SIGPLAN conference on History of programming languages.</ref> While it did not find extensive use, it introduced many features that are used widely now, and is seen as a step in the development of [[object-oriented programming]] (OOP).

Key contributions include [[abstract data type]]s,<ref>{{Cite conference |doi= 10.1145/800233.807045 |chapter= Programming with abstract data types |title= Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Very high level languages |pages= 50–59 |year= 1974 |last1= Liskov |first1= Barbara |author-link1= Barbara Liskov |last2= Zilles |first2= Stephen |citeseerx= 10.1.1.136.3043 }}</ref> [[call-by-sharing]], [[iterator]]s, multiple return values (a form of [[parallel assignment]]), type-safe [[parameterized type]]s, and type-safe [[variant type]]s. It is also notable for its use of [[Class (computer programming)|classes]] with [[Constructor (object-oriented programming)|constructors]] and methods, but without [[Inheritance (object-oriented programming)|inheritance]].