Editing Caloric restriction mimetic (section)

{{Short description|Hypothetical anti-aging dietary supplement or drug candidate}}
'''Calorie restriction mimetics''' (CRM), also known as '''energy restriction mimetics''', are a hypothetical class of dietary supplements or drug candidates that would, in principle, mimic the substantial anti-aging effects that [[calorie restriction]] (CR) has on many laboratory animals and humans. CR is defined as a reduction in calorie intake of 20% (mild CR) to 50% (severe CR) without incurring [[malnutrition]] or a reduction in [[essential nutrient]]s.<ref name=Rimbach2015/> An effective CRM would alter the key metabolic pathways involved in the effects of CR itself, leading to preserved youthful health and longer lifespan without the need to reduce food intake. The term was coined by Lane, Ingram, Roth of the [[National Institute on Aging]] in a seminal 1998 paper in the ''Journal of Anti-Aging Medicine'', the forerunner of ''[[Rejuvenation Research]]''.<ref name=Lane1998>{{cite journal|author1=Lane MA |author2=Ingram DK |author3=Roth GS|title=2-Deoxy-D-glucose feeding in rats mimics physiologic effects of calorie restriction|journal=J Anti-Aging Med|date=Winter 1998|volume=1|issue=4|pages=327–37|doi=10.1089/rej.1.1998.1.327}}</ref> A number of genes and pathways have been shown to be involved with the actions of CR in model organisms and these represent attractive targets for drug discovery and for developing CRM. However, no effective CRM have been identified to date.<ref name=Rimbach2015>{{cite journal | url=http://journals.cambridge.org/download.php?file=%2FNRR%2FS0954422415000062a.pdf&code=be4c8fe053e9278f589a28152cc6112a | first1=Sibylle | last1=Nikolai | first2=Kathrin | last2=Pallauf | first3=Patricia | last3=Huebbe | last4=Rimbach | first4=Gerald | title=Energy restriction and potential energy restriction mimetics | journal=Nutrition Research Reviews | date=22 September 2015 | volume= 28| issue=2| pages=100–120 | doi=10.1017/S0954422415000062 | pmid=26391585 | access-date=8 November 2015| doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=de Magalhaes | first1=JP | last2=Wuttke | first2=D | last3=Wood | first3=SH | last4=Plank | first4=M | last5=Vora | first5=C | title=Genome-environment interactions that modulate aging: powerful targets for drug discovery |journal=Pharmacol Rev |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=88–101 |year=2012 |pmid=22090473 |doi=10.1124/pr.110.004499 |pmc=3250080}}</ref><ref name=Ingram&Roth2011>{{cite journal | last1=Ingram | first1=DK |  last2=Roth | first2=GS | title=Glycolytic inhibition as a strategy for developing calorie restriction mimetics|journal=Experimental Gerontology|date=Feb–Mar 2011|volume=46|issue=2–3|pages=148–54 | doi=10.1016/j.exger.2010.12.001 | pmid=21167272 | s2cid=5634847 }}</ref>

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