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Carduelis
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{{Short description|Genus of birds}} {{DISPLAYTITLE:''Carduelis''}} {{Automatic taxobox | name = ''Carduelis'' | image = Carduelis carduelis 1.jpg | image_caption = The [[European goldfinch]] belongs to a group of red- or yellow-faced species | taxon = Carduelis | authority = [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]], 1760 | type_species = ''[[Fringilla carduelis]]''<ref name=HM4>{{cite web |url= https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=196 |title= Fringillidae |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website= aviansystematics.org |publisher= The Trust for Avian Systematics |access-date= 2023-07-16}}</ref> | type_species_authority = Linnaeus, 1758 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = 4, see text | synonyms = }} The [[genus]] '''''Carduelis'''''<ref>From [[Latin]] ''[[carduus]]'', "thistle". Thistle seeds are a favourite food of the species.</ref> is a group of birds in the [[finch]] [[family (biology)|family]] Fringillidae. The genus ''Carduelis'' was introduced by the French zoologist [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson]] in 1760 by [[Tautonym|tautonomy]] based on [[Carl Linnaeus]]'s [[Specific name (zoology)|specific epithet]] for the European goldfinch ''Fringilla carduelis''.<ref>{{ cite book | editor-last=Paynter | editor-first=Raymond A. Jnr. | year=1968 | title=Check-list of birds of the world, Volume 14 | publisher=Museum of Comparative Zoology | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=234 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14481435 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite book | last=Brisson | first=Mathurin Jacques | author-link=Mathurin Jacques Brisson | title=Ornithologie | at=[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36010434 Volume 1 p. 36]; [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35953002 Volume 3 p. 53] | place=Paris | language=Latin, French }}</ref> The name ''carduelis'' is the [[Latin]] word for the European goldfinch.<ref name =job>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A. | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher=Christopher Helm | location = London, United Kingdom | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | page = [https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n91 91] }}</ref> The polyphyletic nature of the genus was confirmed by Dario Zuccon and coworkers in a comprehensive study of the finch family published in 2012. The authors suggested splitting the genus into several [[monophyletic]] [[clade]]s, a proposal that was accepted by the [[International Ornithologists' Union]].<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Zuccon | first1=Dario | last2=PrΕ·s-Jones | first2=Robert | last3=Rasmussen | first3=Pamela C. | last4=Ericson | first4=Per G.P. | year=2012 | title=The phylogenetic relationships and generic limits of finches (Fringillidae) | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=62 | issue=2 | pages=581β596 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2011.10.002 | url=http://www.nrm.se/download/18.9ff3752132fdaeccb6800010935/Zuccon%20et%20al%202012.pdf | pmid=22023825| bibcode=2012MolPE..62..581Z }}</ref> The siskins and goldfinches from the Americas formed a distinct clade and were moved to the resurrected genus ''[[Spinus (genus)|Spinus]]'', the greenfinches were moved to the genus ''[[Greenfinch|Chloris]]'', the [[twite]] and [[Common linnet|linnet]]s formed another [[clade]] and were moved to the genus ''[[Linaria (bird)|Linaria]]'' and finally the [[redpoll]]s were moved to the genus ''[[Redpoll|Acanthis]]''.<ref name=iou>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | title=Finches, euphonias | work= World Bird List Version 14.2| url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/finches/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union| access-date=5 March 2025 }}</ref>
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