Editing Castling (section)

{{for|people with the surname|Castling (surname)}}
{{Redirect|O-O|other uses|OO (disambiguation){{!}}OO}}
{{Short description|Chess move}}

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| Initial positions of kings and rooks. Kings may castle to the indicated squares.
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| White has castled kingside; Black has castled queenside.
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'''Castling''' is a move in [[chess]]. It consists of moving the [[king (chess)|king]] two squares toward a [[rook (chess)|rook]] on the same {{chessgloss|rank}} and then moving the rook to the square that the king passed over.{{refn|Article 3.8.2 in FIDE Laws of Chess<ref name="FideLawsOfChess">{{Cite web|title=FIDE Laws of Chess taking effect from 1 January 2018|url=https://handbook.fide.com/chapter/E012018|access-date=12 July 2020|website=FIDE}}</ref>}} Castling is permitted only if neither the king nor the rook has previously moved; the squares between the king and the rook are vacant; and the king does not leave, cross over, or finish on a square attacked by an enemy piece. Castling is the only move in chess in which two pieces are moved at once.<ref>{{citation |last=Pandolfini |first=Bruce |year=1992 |title=Pandolfini's Chess Complete: The Most Comprehensive Guide to the Game, from History to Strategy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3bDup8NHQ8AC&pg=PA34 |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |isbn= 9780671701864 |access-date=13 January 2014}}</ref>

Castling with the {{chessgloss|king's rook}} is called ''kingside castling'', and castling with the {{chessgloss|queen's rook}} is called ''queenside castling''. In both [[Algebraic notation (chess)|algebraic]] and [[descriptive notation|descriptive]] notations, castling kingside is written as 0-0 and castling queenside as 0-0-0.

Castling originates from the ''king's leap'', a two-square king move added to European chess between the 14th and 15th centuries, and took on its present form in the 17th century. Local variations in castling rules were common, however, persisting in Italy until the late 19th century. Castling does not exist in Asian games of the chess family, such as [[shogi]], [[xiangqi]], and [[janggi]], but it commonly appears in [[chess variant|variants]] of Western chess.
{{AN chess|pos=toc}}