Editing Central Java (section)

{{Short description|Province in Java, Indonesia}}
{{Distinguish|Central Sava Statistical Region{{!}}Central Sava}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Central Java
| native_name        = {{lang|id|Jawa Tengah}}
| official_name      = Province of Central Java<br>{{nobold|{{lang|id|Provinsi Jawa Tengah}}}}
| image_shield       = Coat of arms of Central Java.svg
| image_flag         = <!-- Flag was removed (vectorised) as per a [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Indonesia/Archive 9#Province infobox photos.svg..|consensus]] at WikiProject Indonesia -->
| shield_size        = 100px
| flag_size          = 
| image_alt          = 
| image_map          = Central Java in Indonesia.svg
| map_alt            = 
| map_caption        = {{centre|{{Legend inline|#C41E3A|outline=red}} '''Central Java''' in {{Legend inline|#FFFDD0|outline=silver}} '''[[Indonesia]]'''}}
| coordinates        = {{coord|7|30|S|110|00|E|region:ID_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint      = 
| coordinates_footnotes = 
| motto              = {{lang|jv|Prasetya Ulah Sakti Bhakti Praja}} ([[Javanese language|Javanese]])<br> ꦥꦿꦱꦠꦾꦲꦸꦭꦃꦱꦏ꧀ꦠꦶꦧꦏ꧀ꦠꦶꦥꦿꦗ <br>"The Powerful Devotion for the Country"
| established_title  = Established
| established_date   = 19 August 1945<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id/muspres/sejarah-wilayah-indonesia/|title=Sejarah Wilayah Indonesia|date=12 September 2018|author=Museum Kepresidenan|publisher=[[Ministry of Education and Culture (Indonesia)|Ministry of Education and Culture]]|access-date=29 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129032207/https://kebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id/muspres/sejarah-wilayah-indonesia/|archive-date=29 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
| founder            = 
| named_for          = 
| seat_type          = Capital<br />{{nobold|and largest city}}
| seat               = [[Semarang]]
| government_footnotes = 
| governing_body     = Central Java Provincial Government
| leader_title       = [[Governor of Central Java|Governor]]
| leader_name        = [[Ahmad Luthfi]] ([[Gerindra Party|Gerindra]])
| leader_title2      = Vice Governor
| leader_name2       = [[Taj Yasin Maimoen]] 
| unit_pref          = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_total_km2     = 34337.49
| area_rank          = [[Provinces of Indonesia|25th in Indonesia]]
| area_note          = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| population_total   = 37892280
| population_as_of   = mid 2024 estimate
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Jawa Tengah Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.33)</ref>
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank    = 3rd in Indonesia
| population_note    = 
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references: use<ref>tags -->
| demographics1_title1 = [[Ethnic groups in Indonesia|Ethnic groups]]
| timezone1          = [[Time in Indonesia|Indonesia Western Time]]
| utc_offset1        = +7
| geocode            = 
| iso_code           = ID-JT
| leader_title3      = [[Regional House of Representatives|Legislature]]
| leader_name3       = [[Central Java Regional House of Representatives]]
| website            = {{URL|jatengprov.go.id}}
| footnotes          = 
| type               = [[Provinces of Indonesia|Province]]
| elevation_max_m    = 3428
| elevation_max_point = [[Mount Slamet]]
| demographics1_info1 = 97.9% [[Javanese people|Javanese]]<br />1.4% [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]]<br />0.4% [[Chinese Indonesian|Chinese]]<br />0.3% other<ref name=census2010 />
| demographics1_title2 = [[Religion in Indonesia|Religion]]
| demographics1_info2 = 97.30% [[Islam]]<br />2.50% [[Christianity]]<br /> – 1.58% [[Protestantism]]<br /> – 0.92% [[Catholicism]]<br />0.14% [[Buddhism]]<br />0.04% [[Hinduism]]<br />0.02% [[Kejawen]]<br />0.004% [[Confucianism]]<ref name="ArcGIS Web Application">{{cite web | url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/ | title=ArcGIS Web Application }}</ref>
| demographics1_title3 = [[Languages of Indonesia|Languages]]
| demographics1_info3 = [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] (official)<br />[[Javanese language|Javanese]] (native)<br />[[Sundanese language|Sundanese]]<br />[[Cirebonese language|Cirebonese]]
| blank_name         = [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] (nominal)
| blank_info         = 2022<ref name="bpsdata2022">{{Cite web |author=Badan Pusat Statistik |author-link=Statistics Indonesia |year=2023 |title=Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (Milyar Rupiah), 2020–2022 |url=https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/52/286/1/-seri-2010-produk-domestik-regional-bruto-.html |publisher=Badan Pusat Statistik |location=Jakarta |language=id}}</ref>
| blank1_name        = &nbsp;- Total
| blank1_info        = [[Indonesian rupiah|Rp]] 1,560.9&nbsp;trillion ([[List of Indonesian provinces by GDP|4th]])<br>[[USD|US$]] 105.1&nbsp;billion<br>[[Int$]]  328.0&nbsp;billion ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])
| blank2_name        = &nbsp;- Per capita
| blank2_info        = [[Indonesian rupiah|Rp]] 42.2&nbsp;million ([[List of Indonesian provinces by GRP per capita|28th]])<br>[[USD|US$]]&nbsp;2,839<br>[[Int$]]  8,858&nbsp;([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])
| blank3_name        = &nbsp;- Growth
| blank3_info        = {{Increase}} 5.31%<ref name="bappenas2022">{{Cite web |author=Badan Pembangunan Nasional |author-link=Ministry of National Development Planning (Indonesia) |year=2023 |title=Capaian Indikator Utama Pembangunan |url=https://simreg.bappenas.go.id/home/pemantauan/lpe |publisher=Badan Pembangunan Nasional |location=Jakarta |language=id}}</ref>
| blank4_name        = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2024)
| blank4_info        = {{increase}} 0.739<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2024/11/15/2296/indeks-pembangunan-manusia--ipm--indonesia-tahun-2024-mencapai-75-02--meningkat-0-63-poin-atau-0-85-persen-dibandingkan-tahun-sebelumnya-yang-sebesar-74-39-.html|title=Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2024|publisher=[[Statistics Indonesia]]|date=2024|language=id|access-date=15 November 2024}}</ref> ([[List of Indonesian provinces by Human Development Index|20th]]) – <span style=color:#090>high</span>
| image_map1         = {{hidden begin|title=OpenStreetMap|ta1=center}}{{Infobox mapframe|frame-width=250|zoom=8}}{{hidden end}}
}}

'''Central Java''' ({{langx|id|Jawa Tengah}}, {{langx|jv|ꦗꦮꦶꦩꦢꦾ|Jawi Madya}}) is a [[Provinces of Indonesia|province]] of [[Indonesia]], located in the middle of the island of [[Java]]. Its administrative capital is [[Semarang]]. It is bordered by [[West Java]] in the west, the [[Indian Ocean]] and the [[Special Region of Yogyakarta]] in the south, [[East Java]] in the east, and the [[Java Sea]] in the north. It has a total area of 33,750.37&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>, with a population of 36,516,035 at the 2020 Census<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2021">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.</ref> making it the third-most populous province in both Java and Indonesia after [[West Java]] and [[East Java]]. The official population estimate in mid-2024 was 37,892,280 (comprising 19,037,740 males and 18,854,540 females).<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2024">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Provinsi Jawa Tengah Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.33)</ref> The province also includes a number of offshore islands, including the island of [[Nusa Kambangan|Nusakambangan]] in the south (close to the border of West Java), and the [[Karimunjawa|Karimun Jawa Islands]] in the Java Sea.

Central Java is also a cultural concept that includes the [[Yogyakarta Special Region]], in turn including the city of [[Yogyakarta]]; however, administratively that city and its surrounding [[Regencies of Indonesia|regencies]] have formed a separate [[Yogyakarta Special Region|special region]] (equivalent to a province) since the country's independence, and is administered separately. Although known as the "heart" of [[Javanese culture]], there are several other non-Javanese ethnic groups, such as the [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]] on the border with West Java. [[Chinese Indonesians]], [[Arab Indonesians]], and [[Indian Indonesians]] are also scattered throughout the province.

The province has been inhabited by humans since the prehistoric-era. Remains of a ''[[Homo erectus]]'', known as "[[Java Man]]", were found along the banks of the [[Solo River|Bengawan Solo]], and date back to 1.7 million years ago.<ref name=":0">Cited in {{cite book |title=The Ecology of Java and Bali |last1=Whitten |first1=T. |publisher=Periplus Editions Ltd |year=1996 |location=Hong Kong |pages=309–312 |last2=Soeriaatmadja |first2=R.E. |last3=Suraya |first3=A.A. |postscript=:}}<br />{{cite journal |last=Pope |first=G. |year=1988 |title=Recent advances in far eastern paleoanthropology |journal=Annual Review of Anthropology |volume=17 |pages=43–77 |doi=10.1146/annurev.an.17.100188.000355}}<br />{{cite journal |last=Pope |first=G. |date=15 August 1983 |title=Evidence on the Age of the Asian Hominidae |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=80 |issue=16 |pages=4988–4992 |doi=10.1073/pnas.80.16.4988 |pmc=384173 |pmid=6410399|bibcode=1983PNAS...80.4988P |doi-access=free }}<br />{{cite journal |last1=de Vos |first1=J.P. |date=9 December 1994 |title=Dating hominid sites in Indonesia |url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/266/5191/1726.pdf |journal=Science Magazine |volume=266 |issue=16 |pages=4988–4992 |doi=10.1126/science.7992059 |first2=P.Y. |last2=Sondaar |bibcode=1994Sci...266.1726D |access-date=14 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090929225215/http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/266/5191/1726.pdf |archive-date=29 September 2009 |url-status=live |doi-access=free }}</ref> What is present-day Central Java was once under the control of several Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms, Islamic sultanates, and the [[Dutch East Indies]] colonial government. Central Java was also the centre of the [[Indonesian National Awakening|Indonesian independence movement]]. As the majority of modern-day [[Indonesians]] are of [[Javanese people|Javanese]] descent, both Central Java and [[East Java]] have a major impact on Indonesia's social, political, and economic life.