Editing Cesare Emiliani (section)

{{Short description|Italian-born American scientist (1922–1995)}}
{{Infobox scientist
| honorific_prefix  = 
| name              = Cesare Emiliani 
| honorific_suffix  = 
| image             = Cesare Emiliani in the early 1950s.jpg
| caption           = Emiliani in the early 1950s
| birth_name        = <!-- if different from "name" -->
| birth_date        = 8 December 1922 
| birth_place       = [[Bologna]], Italy
| death_date        = {{death date and age|df=y |20 July 1995|8 December 1922}}
| death_place       = [[Palm Beach Gardens, Florida]], U.S.
| death_cause       = 
| resting_place     = 
| resting_place_coordinates = <!--{{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}-->
| other_names       = 
| siglum            =
| pronounce         =
| citizenship       = Italy and United States
| nationality       = Italian
| fields            = {{hlist|[[Geology]]|[[micropaleontology]]|[[paleoceanography]]}}
| workplaces        = {{plain list|
* [[Enrico Fermi Institute for Nuclear Studies]], [[University of Chicago]]
* [[University of Miami]] }}
| patrons           = 
| education         = 
| alma_mater        = [[University of Bologna]] <br /> [[University of Chicago]]
| thesis_title      = <!--(or  | thesis1_title =  and  | thesis2_title = )-->
| thesis_url        = <!--(or  | thesis1_url  =   and  | thesis2_url  =  )-->
| thesis_year       = <!--(or  | thesis1_year =   and  | thesis2_year =  )-->
| doctoral_advisor  = <!--(or  | doctoral_advisors = )-->
| academic_advisors = 
| doctoral_students = 
| notable_students  = 
| known_for         = Developing the timescale of [[marine isotope stages]]
| influences        = 
| influenced        = 
| awards            = {{plain list|
* [[Vega Medal]] (1983)
* [[Alexander Agassiz Medal]] (1989) }}
| author_abbrev_bot = 
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| spouse            = {{marriage|Rosita|1951}}
| children          = 2
| signature         = <!--(filename only)-->
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| website           = <!--{{URL|www.example.com}}-->
| footnotes         = 
}}
'''Cesare Emiliani''' (8 December 1922&nbsp;– 20 July 1995) was an Italian-American scientist, [[geologist]], [[Micropaleontology|micropaleontologist]], and founder of [[paleoceanography]], developing the timescale of [[marine isotope stage]]s, which despite modifications remains in use today.

He established that the [[ice age]]s of the last half million years or so are a [[Milankovitch cycles|cyclic]] phenomenon, which gave strong support to the hypothesis of [[Milankovitch]] and revolutionized ideas about the history of the oceans and of the [[glaciation]]s. He was also the proponent of Project "LOCO" (for Long Cores) to the [[U.S. National Science Foundation]]. The project was a success providing evidence of the history of the oceans and also serving to test the hypotheses of [[seafloor spreading]] and [[plate tectonics]].

Cesare Emiliani was honored by having the [[genus]] ''[[Emiliania (coccolithophore)|Emiliania]]'' erected as home for the [[taxon]] ''[[Emiliania huxleyi|huxleyi]]'', which had previously been assigned to ''[[Coccolithus]]''. He was further honored by receiving the [[Vega Medal]] of the [[Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography]] (SSAG) (Swedish: Svenska Sällskapet för Antropologi och Geografi) in 1983, and the [[Alexander Agassiz Medal]] of the U.S. [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]] in 1989 for his [[Isotope|isotopic]] studies on [[Pleistocene]] and [[Holocene]] [[Plankton|planktic]] [[foraminifera]].

In his later years, he promoted a [[calendar reform]] based on the [[Holocene calendar]] (HE) concept to eliminate the BC–AD [[chronology]] gap caused by the lack of a [[0 (year)|year 0]].